Matky chobotnic jsou proslul\u00e9 svou extr\u00e9mn\u00ed oddanost\u00ed sv\u00fdm ml\u00e1\u010fat\u016fm. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby bedliv\u011b st\u0159e\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e1 vaj\u00ed\u010dka a ob\u011btuj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve\u0161ker\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem potravy. Jak se dny m\u011bn\u00ed v t\u00fddny, t\u011bla matek se zhor\u0161uj\u00ed, ale jejich ob\u011b\u0165 zaji\u0161\u0165uje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed jejich potomstva.<\/p>\n\n
Mezi matkami chobotnic vynik\u00e1 jeden druh svou bezkonkuren\u010dn\u00ed oddanost\u00ed: bled\u00e1 hlubinn\u00e1 chobotnice, Graneledone boreopacifica<\/em>. Tento pozoruhodn\u00fd tvor str\u00e1v\u00ed ohromuj\u00edc\u00edch 53 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f \u2013 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dty\u0159i a p\u016fl roku! \u2013 hl\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm sv\u00fdch vaj\u00ed\u010dek, uv\u00e1d\u00ed zpr\u00e1va KQED Science.<\/p>\n\n V\u011bdci z V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu akv\u00e1ria Monterey Bay objevili neochv\u011bjnou \u201echobotnicovou matku\u201c b\u011bhem pr\u016fzkum\u016f prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch asi jednu m\u00edli pod hladinou oce\u00e1nu v ka\u0148onu Monterey. Jejich d\u00e1lkov\u011b ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 vozidlo poprv\u00e9 spat\u0159ilo malou chobotnici v roce 2007, kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9, co nakladla p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 160 vaj\u00ed\u010dek.<\/p>\n\n V pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dty\u0159 let v\u011bdci provedli 18 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv m\u00edsta hn\u00edzd\u011bn\u00ed chobotnice. P\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b pozorovali chobotnici, jak st\u0159e\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e1 vaj\u00ed\u010dka, kter\u00e1 postupn\u011b rostla. Pozoruhodn\u00e9 je, \u017ee ji b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho tohoto obdob\u00ed nikdy nevid\u011bli j\u00edst.<\/p>\n\n P\u0159i posledn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b chobotnice zmizela a z\u016fstaly pouze pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 sko\u0159\u00e1pky vajec. N\u00e1sledn\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva odhalila n\u011bkolik mlad\u00fdch chobotnic lezouc\u00edch pobl\u00ed\u017e m\u00edsta hn\u00edzda, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee neochv\u011bjn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de matky se vyplatila.<\/p>\n\n Prodlou\u017een\u00e1 doba inkubace Graneledone boreopacifica<\/em> zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00fdznam rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed potomstva. T\u00edm, \u017ee poskytuje st\u00e1lou ochranu a okysli\u010den\u00ed, chobotnicov\u00e1 matka zvy\u0161uje \u0161ance na \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed sv\u00fdch vaj\u00ed\u010dek a jejich v\u00fdvoj ve zdrav\u00e9 mlad\u00e9 chobotnice.<\/p>\n\n Hlubinn\u00e9 chobotnice vyvinuly unik\u00e1tn\u00ed adaptace, aby p\u0159e\u017eily ve sv\u00e9m extr\u00e9mn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Jejich m\u011bkk\u00e1, \u017eelatinov\u00e1 t\u011bla jim umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed odolat obrovsk\u00e9mu tlaku v t\u011bchto hloubk\u00e1ch. Maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 specializovan\u00e9 enzymy, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed jejich tk\u00e1n\u00edm zmrznout v mraziv\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh matky hlubinn\u00e9 chobotnice je d\u016fkazem odolnosti a ob\u011btavosti t\u011bchto pozoruhodn\u00fdch tvor\u016f. Jejich neochv\u011bjn\u00e1 oddanost sv\u00fdm ml\u00e1\u010fat\u016fm zaji\u0161\u0165uje pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich druhu v nemilosrdn\u00fdch hloubk\u00e1ch oce\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n Objev nejdel\u0161\u00ed doby inkubace, jak\u00e1 kdy byla u chobotnice zaznamen\u00e1na, poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o mate\u0159sk\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00edm cyklu t\u011bchto z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Zd\u016fraz\u0148uje tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznam dlouhodob\u00e9ho monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pro pochopen\u00ed slo\u017eitosti mo\u0159sk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Hlubinn\u00e1 chobotnice l\u00e1me rekord v nejdel\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 dob\u011b inkubace Mate\u0159sk\u00e1 oddanost Matky chobotnic jsou proslul\u00e9 svou extr\u00e9mn\u00ed oddanost\u00ed sv\u00fdm ml\u00e1\u010fat\u016fm. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby bedliv\u011b st\u0159e\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e1 vaj\u00ed\u010dka a ob\u011btuj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[23898,23899,265,243,3692],"class_list":["post-18266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-biology","tag-deep-sea-octopus","tag-brooding-period","tag-marine-life","tag-resilience","tag-sacrifice"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18266"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18266\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18267,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18266\/revisions\/18267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18266"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18266"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Oddan\u00e1 ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b<\/h2>\n\n
\u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd l\u00edhnut\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n
V\u00fdznam inkubace<\/h2>\n\n
Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed adaptace<\/h2>\n\n
Odolnost a ob\u011b\u0165<\/h2>\n\n
V\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdznam<\/h2>\n\n