{"id":18278,"date":"2023-04-17T06:35:54","date_gmt":"2023-04-17T06:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18278"},"modified":"2023-04-17T06:35:54","modified_gmt":"2023-04-17T06:35:54","slug":"ralph-waldo-emerson-a-prophet-ahead-of-his-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/philosophy\/ralph-waldo-emerson-a-prophet-ahead-of-his-time\/","title":{"rendered":"Ralph Waldo Emerson: Prorok p\u0159ed svou dobou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ralph Waldo Emerson: Prorok p\u0159ed svou dobou<\/h2>\n\n

Transcendentalismus a objet\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody<\/h2>\n\n

Ralph Waldo Emerson, narozen\u00fd p\u0159ed 200 lety, byl vizion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd transcendentalista, kter\u00fd zanechal trval\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed v americk\u00e9m my\u0161len\u00ed. Jeho pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 esej \u201eP\u0159\u00edroda\u201c nast\u00ednila jeho hlubok\u00e9 poznatky o vztahu mezi lidstvem, p\u0159\u00edrodou a bo\u017estv\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

Emerson v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee v\u011bdeck\u00e9 ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed nevylu\u010dovalo duchovn\u00ed existenci. Rozpoznal bo\u017eskou inteligenci obsa\u017eenou v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a prosazoval sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mezi v\u011bdeck\u00fdm pokrokem a n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou v\u00edrou.<\/p>\n\n

Evolu\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00eddavost<\/h2>\n\n

Pozoruhodn\u011b Emerson p\u0159edv\u00eddal teorii evoluce p\u0159irozen\u00fdm v\u00fdb\u011brem desetilet\u00ed p\u0159ed vyd\u00e1n\u00edm Darwinova \u201eO p\u016fvodu druh\u016f\u201c. Uv\u011bdomil si v\u00fdznam obrovsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed planety a princip p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru a poznamenal, \u017ee organismy maj\u00ed tendenci nadm\u011brn\u011b produkovat potomstvo, aby zajistily p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Energie a vesm\u00edr<\/h2>\n\n

Emerson tak\u00e9 vytu\u0161il z\u00e1kladn\u00ed povahu energie a hmoty. Pochopil, \u017ee fyzick\u00fd sv\u011bt se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z jedin\u00e9 substance a \u017ee i ty nejpevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty jsou nakonec matematick\u00e9 abstrakce. Dokonce nazna\u010dil teorii velk\u00e9ho t\u0159esku a navrhl prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed proces expanze a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed cel\u00fdm vesm\u00edrem.<\/p>\n\n

Lidsk\u00e1 p\u0159irozenost a um\u011bl\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n

Emerson m\u011bl bystr\u00e9 oko pro lidskou p\u0159irozenost. Uv\u011bdomoval si d\u016fle\u017eitost uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pot\u0159eb p\u0159ed usilov\u00e1n\u00edm o vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed c\u00edle. Tak\u00e9 ch\u00e1pal psychologick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky na\u0161eho \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu a tvrdil, \u017ee i ti nejvyvinut\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jedinci maj\u00ed prvotn\u00ed povahu.<\/p>\n\n

Emerson odm\u00edtal rozli\u0161en\u00ed mezi p\u0159irozen\u00fdm a um\u011bl\u00fdm a v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee lidstvo je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody. Lidskou \u010dinnost pova\u017eoval za potenci\u00e1ln\u011b obohacuj\u00edc\u00ed, nikoli vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed sv\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n

P\u00e9\u010de o \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Emersonovy poznatky o \u201ep\u0159irozen\u00e9m\u201c ovlivnily environment\u00e1ln\u00ed etiku v 19. stolet\u00ed. Obhajoval vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd vztah mezi lidstvem a p\u0159\u00edrodou a uzn\u00e1val pozitivn\u00ed roli, kterou m\u016f\u017ee lidsk\u00e1 kreativita hr\u00e1t p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed a zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Emerson tak\u00e9 odsuzoval rozd\u011blen\u00ed mezi humanitn\u00edmi a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi v\u011bdami v akademick\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. V\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee komplexn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u017eaduje pochopen\u00ed obou oblast\u00ed. Varovn\u011b upozor\u0148oval, \u017ee izolace svobodn\u00e9 v\u016fle od slo\u017eitost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody by mohla v\u00e9st k nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm d\u016fsledk\u016fm, jako je nekontrolovateln\u00e1 moc a genocida.<\/p>\n\n

Prorock\u00e9 post\u0159ehy pro budoucnost<\/h2>\n\n

Emersonovy nejv\u00edce vizion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 my\u0161lenky mo\u017en\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b \u010dekaj\u00ed na sv\u00e9 \u00fapln\u00e9 napln\u011bn\u00ed. Nazna\u010doval pojem \u201eimplikovan\u00e9ho po\u0159\u00e1dku\u201c, holografick\u00e9 projekce fyzick\u00e9 reality. Tak\u00e9 navrhl, \u017ee vesm\u00edr je \u0159\u00edzen jednoduch\u00fdm v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edm procesem, co\u017e je my\u0161lenka, kterou pozd\u011bji zkoumal Stephen Wolfram.<\/p>\n\n

Evoluce jako \u00fa\u010deln\u00fd proces<\/h2>\n\n

Emerson zpochyb\u0148oval p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1zor na evoluci jako \u010dist\u011b n\u00e1hodn\u00fd proces. V\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee evoluci \u0159\u00eddil bo\u017esk\u00fd duch, kter\u00fd d\u00e1val vesm\u00edru smysl a c\u00edl. P\u0159\u00edrodu pova\u017eoval za \u201et\u011blo Bo\u017e\u00ed du\u0161e\u201c, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e lidstvo hr\u00e1lo v jej\u00edm rozvoji z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ralph Waldo Emerson: Prorok p\u0159ed svou dobou Transcendentalismus a objet\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody Ralph Waldo Emerson, narozen\u00fd p\u0159ed 200 lety, byl vizion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd transcendentalista, kter\u00fd zanechal trval\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed v americk\u00e9m my\u0161len\u00ed. Jeho pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23912],"tags":[136,23910,23911,23909,17120,16469],"class_list":["post-18278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-philosophy","tag-evolution","tag-nature-philosophy","tag-human-potential","tag-transcendentalism","tag-art-and-nature","tag-science-and-spirituality"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18279,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18278\/revisions\/18279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}