{"id":18301,"date":"2021-06-24T18:42:04","date_gmt":"2021-06-24T18:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18301"},"modified":"2021-06-24T18:42:04","modified_gmt":"2021-06-24T18:42:04","slug":"invention-of-the-asthma-inhaler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/medicine\/invention-of-the-asthma-inhaler\/","title":{"rendered":"Vyn\u00e1lez astmatick\u00e9ho inhal\u00e1toru: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh inovace, kter\u00e1 zachra\u0148uje \u017eivoty"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vyn\u00e1lez astmatick\u00e9ho inhal\u00e1toru<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inspirace<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1955 polo\u017eila t\u0159in\u00e1ctilet\u00e1 d\u00edvka jm\u00e9nem Susie Maison jednoduchou ot\u00e1zku sv\u00e9mu otci, Georgeovi L. Maisonovi, farmakologovi: &#8220;Pro\u010d nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt m\u016fj l\u00e9k na astma ve spreji jako lak na vlasy?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vyn\u00e1lezce<\/h2>\n\n<p>Maison, kter\u00fd m\u011bl vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti inovac\u00ed, vzal n\u00e1vrh sv\u00e9 dcery v\u00e1\u017en\u011b. Jako prezident spole\u010dnosti Riker Laboratories pov\u011b\u0159il vedouc\u00edho chemika Irvinga Porushe, aby prozkoumal mo\u017enost za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na inhalaci pod tlakem.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inovace<\/h2>\n\n<p>Porush, kter\u00fd spolupracoval s kosmetick\u00fdmi techniky ze spole\u010dnosti Rexall Drugs (mate\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti spole\u010dnosti Riker), vyu\u017eil odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed v oblasti pohonn\u00fdch hmot a aerosol\u016f. Tak\u00e9 za\u010dlenil ned\u00e1vno patentovan\u00fd d\u00e1vkovac\u00ed ventil, kter\u00fd mohl dod\u00e1vat p\u0159esn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed atomizovan\u00e9 kapaliny. B\u011bhem dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f Porush vyvinul prvn\u00ed d\u00e1vkova\u010d s odm\u011b\u0159enou d\u00e1vkou (MDI).<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Schv\u00e1len\u00ed FDA<\/h2>\n\n<p>V b\u0159eznu 1956 schv\u00e1lila Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dva nov\u00e9 aerosolov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky na astma spolu s Porushov\u00fdm MDI za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vliv na l\u00e9\u010dbu astmatu<\/h2>\n\n<p>MDI zp\u016fsobilo revoluci v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b astmatu. Bylo to prakti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed metody, jako byly nebuliz\u00e1tory a &#8220;astmatick\u00e9 cigarety&#8221;. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed farmaceutick\u00e9 inhal\u00e1tory v\u00edce ne\u017e 36 miliard dolar\u016f v celosv\u011btov\u00e9m prodeji ro\u010dn\u011b a miliony lid\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b se na n\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd den spol\u00e9haj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u011bdictv\u00ed inovac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Astmatick\u00fd inhal\u00e1tor je d\u016fkazem s\u00edly inovac\u00ed. Vznikl z jednoduch\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky a spolupr\u00e1ce v\u011bdc\u016f, in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f a technik\u016f. Jeho dopad na \u017eivot astmatik\u016f byl hlubok\u00fd, zlep\u0161il jejich kvalitu \u017eivota a dal jim mo\u017enost efektivn\u011b zvl\u00e1dat sv\u016fj stav.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010casov\u00e1 osa kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1955:<\/strong> Susie Maison navrhuje astmatick\u00fd inhal\u00e1tor ve spreji.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1956:<\/strong> Irving Porush vyv\u00edj\u00ed prvn\u00ed d\u00e1vkova\u010d s odm\u011b\u0159enou d\u00e1vkou (MDI).<\/li>\n<li><strong>1956:<\/strong> FDA schvaluje dva nov\u00e9 aerosolov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky na astma a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed MDI.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sou\u010dasnost:<\/strong> Farmaceutick\u00e9 inhal\u00e1tory jsou \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b astmatu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e celosv\u011btov\u00fd prodej p\u0159esahuje 36 miliard dolar\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed informace<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jak funguj\u00ed MDI:<\/strong> MDI dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed l\u00e9ky p\u0159\u00edmo do plic pomoc\u00ed aerosolu pod tlakem. Obvykle obsahuj\u00ed pohonnou l\u00e1tku, l\u00e9k a d\u00e1vkovac\u00ed ventil, kter\u00fd \u0159\u00edd\u00ed d\u00e1vku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Typy MDI:<\/strong> Existuj\u00ed dva hlavn\u00ed typy MDI: tlakov\u00e9 MDI (pMDI) a such\u00e9 pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9 inhal\u00e1tory (DPI). pMDI pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed mlhy l\u00e9ku hnac\u00ed plyn, zat\u00edmco DPI vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dech pacienta k rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed l\u00e9ku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00e9\u010dba astmatu:<\/strong> Inhal\u00e1tory jsou d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby astmatu. Mohou pomoci p\u0159edch\u00e1zet astmatick\u00fdm z\u00e1chvat\u016fm a zm\u00edr\u0148ovat je, sni\u017eovat z\u00e1n\u011bty a zlep\u0161ovat funkci plic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vyn\u00e1lez astmatick\u00e9ho inhal\u00e1toru Inspirace V roce 1955 polo\u017eila t\u0159in\u00e1ctilet\u00e1 d\u00edvka jm\u00e9nem Susie Maison jednoduchou ot\u00e1zku sv\u00e9mu otci, Georgeovi L. Maisonovi, farmakologovi: &#8220;Pro\u010d nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt m\u016fj l\u00e9k na astma ve spreji&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[359],"tags":[23943,15402,23944,358,8368],"class_list":["post-18301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medicine","tag-asthma","tag-pharmacology","tag-inhaler","tag-medical-innovation","tag-respiratory-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18301"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18302,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18301\/revisions\/18302"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}