{"id":18387,"date":"2020-11-06T17:34:29","date_gmt":"2020-11-06T17:34:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18387"},"modified":"2020-11-06T17:34:29","modified_gmt":"2020-11-06T17:34:29","slug":"early-human-fish-consumption-evidence-from-tooth-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/archaeology\/early-human-fish-consumption-evidence-from-tooth-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Konzumace ryb u ran\u00fdch lid\u00ed odhalena anal\u00fdzou zub\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010casn\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 konzumace ryb: D\u016fkazy z anal\u00fdzy zub\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Archeologick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy va\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Po stalet\u00ed v\u011bdci vedli debaty o p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 ose evoluce lidsk\u00e9ho va\u0159en\u00ed. Va\u0159en\u00ed s ohn\u011bm p\u0159edstavovalo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed okam\u017eik v na\u0161em v\u00fdvoji, ale ur\u010dit, kdy na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 za\u010dali s touto prax\u00ed, bylo n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. P\u0159esto\u017ee byly objeveny zuhelnat\u011bl\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 a rostlinn\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky, nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b znamenat \u00famysln\u00e9 va\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Forenzn\u00ed v\u011bda v archeologii<\/h2>\n\n<p>Izrael\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci vymysleli inovativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to h\u00e1danky. Analyzovali ryb\u00ed zuby nalezen\u00e9 na archeologick\u00e9m nalezi\u0161ti Gesher Benot Ya&#8217;aqov v Izraeli. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee pobl\u00ed\u017e nebyly nalezeny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ryb\u00ed kosti, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee ryby mohly b\u00fdt va\u0159eny na m\u00edrn\u00e9m ohni, co\u017e zachovalo zuby, zat\u00edmco kosti se rozpadly.<\/p>\n\n<p>Aby otestovali svou teorii, pou\u017eili v\u011bdci techniku b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvanou p\u0159i forenzn\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edch: rentgenovou difrakci. Tato metoda m\u011b\u0159\u00ed velikost krystal\u016f v zubn\u00ed sklovin\u011b, kter\u00e1 se m\u011bn\u00ed, kdy\u017e jsou zuby vystaveny ohni.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Metody va\u0159en\u00ed a d\u016fsledky<\/h2>\n\n<p>Anal\u00fdza uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee ryb\u00ed zuby nebyly vystaveny p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu vysok\u00e9mu \u017e\u00e1ru. M\u00edsto toho byly vystaveny teplot\u00e1m mezi 390 a 930 stupni Fahrenheita. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee ryby mohly b\u00fdt va\u0159eny cel\u00e9 v hlin\u011bn\u00e9 peci, co\u017e je metoda, kter\u00e1 by zachovala zuby a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zabr\u00e1nila sp\u00e1len\u00ed kost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strava a lidsk\u00e1 evoluce<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee n\u00e1lezy definitivn\u011b nedokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ran\u00ed lid\u00e9 va\u0159ili ryby, poskytuj\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o t\u00e9to praxi. Konzumace ryb by poskytla cenn\u00fd zdroj b\u00edlkovin a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u017eivin, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u011bly k v\u00fdvoji a p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed na\u0161eho druhu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role kamenn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee v Gesher Benot Ya&#8217;aqov nebyly nalezeny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 ostatky, byly objeveny kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost Homo erectus na tomto m\u00edst\u011b. Tyto n\u00e1stroje mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b ryb na va\u0159en\u00ed nebo k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed hlin\u011bn\u00fdch pec\u00ed, ve kter\u00fdch byly pe\u010deny.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam a budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n<p>Objev zub\u016f va\u0159en\u00fdch ryb v Gesher Benot Ya&#8217;aqov vrh\u00e1 nov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na stravovac\u00ed n\u00e1vyky a kulturn\u00ed praktiky ran\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Nazna\u010duje to, \u017ee va\u0159en\u00ed s ohn\u011bm mohlo b\u00fdt roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo.<\/p>\n\n<p>Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, aby se tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed potvrdila a aby se prozkoumily \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed d\u016fsledky konzumace ryb v lidsk\u00e9 evoluci. Studiem archeologick\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm pokro\u010dil\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch technik m\u016f\u017eeme i nad\u00e1le odhalovat tajemstv\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 minulosti a z\u00edskat hlub\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed \u017eivot\u016f na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed long-tailov\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Archeologick\u00e9 metody pro studium starov\u011bk\u00e9 stravy<\/li>\n<li>Vliv va\u0159en\u00ed na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a v\u00fdvoj<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdvoj kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch technik<\/li>\n<li>Role mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plod\u016f v prav\u011bk\u00e9 strav\u011b<\/li>\n<li>Interdisciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy k porozum\u011bn\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 evoluce<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010casn\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 konzumace ryb: D\u016fkazy z anal\u00fdzy zub\u016f Archeologick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy va\u0159en\u00ed Po stalet\u00ed v\u011bdci vedli debaty o p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 ose evoluce lidsk\u00e9ho va\u0159en\u00ed. Va\u0159en\u00ed s ohn\u011bm p\u0159edstavovalo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed okam\u017eik v&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[88,136,15601,202,487,1568,18831,24037,666],"class_list":["post-18387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-archaeology","tag-evolution","tag-stone-tools","tag-forensic-science","tag-human-evolution","tag-paleoanthropology","tag-prehistoric-diet","tag-fish-consumption","tag-life-science-art"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18387"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18388,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18387\/revisions\/18388"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18387"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}