{"id":18475,"date":"2024-06-09T11:47:04","date_gmt":"2024-06-09T11:47:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18475"},"modified":"2024-06-09T11:47:04","modified_gmt":"2024-06-09T11:47:04","slug":"apollo-theater-legacy-african-american-entertainment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/performing-arts\/apollo-theater-legacy-african-american-entertainment\/","title":{"rendered":"Apollo Theater: Odkaz afroamerick\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apollo Theater: Odkaz afroamerick\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Apollo Theater, situovan\u00fd v srdci Harlemu, je maj\u00e1kem afroamerick\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 75 let. Sehr\u00e1l kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli ve v\u00fdvoji popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby, tance a komedie a slou\u017eil jako odrazov\u00fd m\u016fstek pro nespo\u010det legend\u00e1rn\u00edch um\u011blc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ran\u00e1 l\u00e9ta<\/h3>\n\n<p>Apollo Theater otev\u0159el sv\u00e9 br\u00e1ny v roce 1934 jako burleska pouze pro b\u00edl\u00e9 publikum. V roce 1935 v\u0161ak pro\u0161el prom\u011bnou, kdy\u017e za\u010dal p\u0159ij\u00edmat rasov\u011b sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 publikum. Tento krok se uk\u00e1zal b\u00fdt katalyz\u00e1torem vzestupu divadla k v\u00fdte\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jednou z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch postav ran\u00e9ho \u00fasp\u011bchu Apolla byl Ralph Cooper, herec, rozhlasov\u00fd moder\u00e1tor a dlouholet\u00fd konferenci\u00e9r. Vytvo\u0159il legend\u00e1rn\u00ed sout\u011b\u017e Amateur Night, kter\u00e1 se stala st\u0159ede\u010dn\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed st\u00e1lic\u00ed a favoritem jak \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00edc\u00edch, tak publika.<\/p>\n\n<p>Frank Schiffman a Leo Brecher, kte\u0159\u00ed divadlo koupili v roce 1935, p\u0159ijali form\u00e1t estr\u00e1dy a propagovali sout\u011b\u017e Amateur Night, kter\u00e1 byla nakonec vys\u00edl\u00e1na na 21 rozhlasov\u00fdch stanic\u00edch. Zviditelnili tak\u00e9 velk\u00e9 kapely, v\u010detn\u011b Counta Basieho a Dukea Ellingtona.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rodi\u0161t\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby<\/h3>\n\n<p>B\u011bhem sv\u00fdch prvn\u00edch 16 let existence p\u0159edstavil Apollo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017edou pozoruhodnou afroamerickou jazzovou kapelu, zp\u011bv\u00e1ka, tane\u010dn\u00edka a komika dan\u00e9 \u00e9ry. Na jeho p\u00f3diu vystoupili Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald a Nat \u201eKing\u201c Cole a divadlo sehr\u00e1lo kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli ve v\u00fdvoji bebopu a rhythm and blues.<\/p>\n\n<p>V polovin\u011b 50. let se Apollo stalo kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm hr\u00e1\u010dem ve vzestupu rokenrolu. Show s \u201eLittle Richardem\u201c Pennimanem, Chuckem Berrym a Bo Diddleym pomohly formovat \u017e\u00e1nr a ovlivnily generaci hudebn\u00edk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b Elvise Presleyho.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9ra soulu<\/h3>\n\n<p>Apollo Theater i nad\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1valo ohniskem inovac\u00ed v 60. a 70. letech. James Brown, \u201eKmotr soulu\u201c, se zde stal pravideln\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00edc\u00edm a pomohl prorazit soul, funk a hip-hop. Aretha Franklin, \u201eKr\u00e1lovna soulu\u201c, tak\u00e9 zanechala stopu v Apolle a jej\u00ed vystoupen\u00ed zde pomohla upevnit jej\u00ed status glob\u00e1ln\u00ed superstar.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Druh\u00fd domov pro um\u011blce<\/h3>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b sv\u00e9 role p\u00f3dia pro za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed um\u011blce slou\u017eilo Apollo Theater tak\u00e9 jako druh\u00fd domov pro afroamerick\u00e9 um\u011blce. Smokey Robinson vzpom\u00edn\u00e1, jak Ray Charles psal aran\u017em\u00e1 pro p\u00edsn\u011b, kter\u00e9 Robinson a jeho skupina Miracles zp\u00edvali p\u0159i sv\u00e9m debutu v Apolle v roce 1958. Sam Cooke napsal texty k hitu Imperials \u201eI&#8217;m Alright\u201c v suter\u00e9nu divadla.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odkaz excelence<\/h3>\n\n<p>Odkaz Apollo Theater jako kulturn\u00ed instituce je bezkonkuren\u010dn\u00ed. Sehr\u00e1lo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli ve v\u00fdvoji afroamerick\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy a m\u011blo hlubok\u00fd vliv na americkou kulturu jako celek. Divadlo i nad\u00e1le p\u0159edstavuje ty nejlep\u0161\u00ed a nejz\u00e1\u0159iv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed talenty z\u00e1bavn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu a jeho sout\u011b\u017e Amateur Night z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 milovanou tradic\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pozoruhodn\u00ed um\u011blci<\/h3>\n\n<p>V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let hostilo Apollo Theater skute\u010dnou galerii osobnost\u00ed afroamerick\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Billie Holiday<\/li>\n<li>Ella Fitzgerald<\/li>\n<li>Nat \u201eKing\u201c Cole<\/li>\n<li>\u201eLittle Richard\u201c Penniman<\/li>\n<li>Chuck Berry<\/li>\n<li>Bo Diddley<\/li>\n<li>James Brown<\/li>\n<li>Aretha Franklin<\/li>\n<li>Tina Turner<\/li>\n<li>Richard Pryor<\/li>\n<li>Michael Jackson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Amateur Night<\/h3>\n\n<p>Amateur Night v Apollo byla odrazov\u00fdm m\u016fstkem pro nespo\u010det kari\u00e9r. Mezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed um\u011blce, kte\u0159\u00ed za\u010d\u00ednali v Amateur Night, pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ella Fitzgerald<\/li>\n<li>Sarah Vaughan<\/li>\n<li>Sammy Davis Jr.<\/li>\n<li>Gladys Knight<\/li>\n<li>Patti LaBelle<\/li>\n<li>Michael Jackson<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apollo Theater: Odkaz afroamerick\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy Apollo Theater, situovan\u00fd v srdci Harlemu, je maj\u00e1kem afroamerick\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 75 let. Sehr\u00e1l kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli ve v\u00fdvoji popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby, tance a komedie&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23617,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[90],"tags":[24152,3064,27,788,37,4261,63,2108],"class_list":["post-18475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-performing-arts","tag-african-american-entertainment","tag-legacy","tag-history","tag-music","tag-innovation","tag-comedy","tag-culture","tag-dance"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18475"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18476,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18475\/revisions\/18476"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}