Ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b tis\u00edcilet\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed u\u010denci o um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed Ithaky, legend\u00e1rn\u00edho ostrovn\u00edho domova Hom\u00e9rova Odyssea. A nyn\u00ed vstupuje Robert Bittlestone, britsk\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk, kter\u00fd v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee vy\u0159e\u0161il z\u00e1hadu.<\/p>\n\n
Bittlestoneova teorie se zam\u011b\u0159uje na poloostrov Paliki na ostrov\u011b Kefalonia, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed u z\u00e1padn\u00edho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed \u0158ecka. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee Paliki byl kdysi samostatn\u00fd ostrov, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Ithaka, kter\u00fd byl odd\u011blen od Kefalonie mo\u0159sk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem.<\/p>\n\n
Bittlestoneovu teorii podporuj\u00ed geologick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy. Starov\u011bk\u00fd \u0159eck\u00fd zem\u011bpisec Strab\u00f3n popsal \u00fazk\u00fd pruh zem\u011b spojuj\u00edc\u00ed Kefalonii s jej\u00edm dne\u0161n\u00edm poloostrovem, kter\u00fd byl n\u011bkdy pono\u0159en pod hladinu mo\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed geologick\u00e9 pr\u016fzkumy odhalily pono\u0159en\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fadol\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00e9mu mo\u0159sk\u00e9mu pr\u016flivu mezi Paliki a Kefaloni\u00ed. Nav\u00edc vrty proveden\u00e9 na tomto pruhu zem\u011b narazily pouze na voln\u00e9 kameny, co\u017e nazna\u010duje nep\u0159\u00edtomnost pevn\u00e9ho v\u00e1pence, kter\u00fd by se v t\u00e9to oblasti o\u010dek\u00e1val.<\/p>\n\n
Bittlestone tak\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee krajina popsan\u00e1 v Hom\u00e9rov\u011b Odyssei odpov\u00edd\u00e1 geografii Paliki. Nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1toka Atheras na poloostrov\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 z\u00e1toku Phorcys, kde byl Odysseus vysazen na b\u0159eh faj\u00e1ck\u00fdmi n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n
Podle Hom\u00e9ra \u017eil Odysse\u016fv vep\u00ed\u0159 Eumaios v chatr\u010di pobl\u00ed\u017e pramene zvan\u00e9ho Areth\u00fasa. Bittlestone identifikuje pramen na modern\u00edm poloostrov\u011b Paliki, kter\u00fd nese n\u00e1padnou podobnost s Areth\u00fasou.<\/p>\n\n
Archeologick\u00e9 vykop\u00e1vky na kopci Kastelli, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na poloostrov\u011b Paliki, odhalily d\u016fkazy o starov\u011bk\u00e9m os\u00eddlen\u00ed poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm z doby bronzov\u00e9. Byly nalezeny st\u0159epy keramiky, d\u017eb\u00e1ny na v\u00edno a olejov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby, co\u017e nazna\u010duje p\u0159\u00edtomnost prosperuj\u00edc\u00ed komunity.<\/p>\n\n
A\u010dkoli nebyl objeven \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jednozna\u010dn\u00fd artefakt, kter\u00fd by v\u00fdslovn\u011b zmi\u0148oval Odyssea, archeologick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee kopec Kastelli mohl b\u00fdt m\u00edstem jeho pal\u00e1ce. Poloha na vrcholku kopce, obrann\u00e1 ze\u010f a stopy n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed a velk\u00e9 s\u00edn\u011b odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed Hom\u00e9rov\u00fdm popis\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n
Bittlestone uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee existence Odyssea jako skute\u010dn\u00e9 historick\u00e9 postavy je nejist\u00e1. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy obklopuj\u00edc\u00ed Odyssea mohly b\u00fdt inspirov\u00e1ny skute\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edkem z doby bronzov\u00e9, kter\u00fd \u017eil na Ithace.<\/p>\n\n
Pravd\u011bpodobnost Odysseov\u00fdch dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed na Kefalonii je tak\u00e9 podpo\u0159ena p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed pam\u00e1tek zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch v Odyssei, jako je Havran\u00ed sk\u00e1la a Eumaiova vep\u0159\u00edrna.<\/p>\n\n
Hom\u00e9rova Odyssea m\u011bla hlubok\u00fd vliv na z\u00e1padn\u00ed literaturu a kulturu. Bittlestoneova teorie poskytuje l\u00e1kav\u00fd pohled do mo\u017en\u00e9ho fyzick\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed tohoto nad\u010dasov\u00e9ho eposu a nab\u00edz\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0159eck\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Konec Odysseie: Hled\u00e1n\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9 Ithaky Teorie Roberta Bittlestona Ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b tis\u00edcilet\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed u\u010denci o um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed Ithaky, legend\u00e1rn\u00edho ostrovn\u00edho domova Hom\u00e9rova Odyssea. A nyn\u00ed vstupuje Robert Bittlestone, britsk\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[767],"tags":[88,24332,24333,6820,24334,2313],"class_list":["post-18642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history","tag-archaeology","tag-homer","tag-ithaca","tag-odyssey","tag-robert-bittlestone","tag-ancient-greece"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18642"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18642\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18643,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18642\/revisions\/18643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}