{"id":2008,"date":"2024-08-25T01:38:16","date_gmt":"2024-08-25T01:38:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2008"},"modified":"2024-08-25T01:38:16","modified_gmt":"2024-08-25T01:38:16","slug":"oregon-expands-legal-rights-for-animals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/animal-rights\/oregon-expands-legal-rights-for-animals\/","title":{"rendered":"Oregon roz\u0161i\u0159uje z\u00e1konn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va zv\u00ed\u0159at"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Oregon roz\u0161i\u0159uje z\u00e1konn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va zv\u00ed\u0159at<\/h2>\n\n<p>Oregon u\u010dinil v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 kroky ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochrany poskytovan\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm a ud\u011blil jim pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 byla d\u0159\u00edve vyhrazena pouze lidem. Tato pr\u016flomov\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata jako individu\u00e1ln\u00ed ob\u011bti trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f a zmoc\u0148uj\u00ed vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va k rychl\u00e9mu z\u00e1kroku s c\u00edlem zabr\u00e1nit ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ob\u011bti ze zv\u00ed\u0159at uzn\u00e1ny jako jednotlivci<\/h3>\n\n<p>V p\u0159elomov\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud Oregonu rozhodl, \u017ee zv\u00ed\u0159ata by nem\u011bla b\u00fdt seskupov\u00e1na jako kolektivn\u00ed ob\u011bti trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f. Ka\u017edou ob\u011b\u0165 ze zv\u00ed\u0159ete je t\u0159eba uznat a vz\u00edt v \u00favahu individu\u00e1ln\u011b. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z p\u0159\u00edpadu Arnolda Nixe, kter\u00fd byl odsouzen za n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at pot\u00e9, co bylo na jeho farm\u011b objeveno n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek vyhubl\u00fdch kon\u00ed a koz. Nix\u016fv pr\u00e1vn\u00edk tvrdil, \u017ee zv\u00ed\u0159ata nebyla ob\u011b\u0165mi, ale soud s t\u00edm nesouhlasil a odvolal se na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed term\u00ednu \u201eob\u011b\u0165\u201c k ozna\u010den\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at trp\u00edc\u00edch krutost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu je v souladu se z\u00e1sadami pr\u00e1vn\u00edho z\u00e1sahu u d\u011bt\u00ed, jak je nast\u00ednil filozof John Stuart Mill. Mill tvrdil, \u017ee d\u016fvody pro ochranu d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ed ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00edm na zdrav\u00ed plat\u00ed i pro zv\u00ed\u0159ata, kter\u00e1 jsou zraniteln\u00e1 a \u010dasto jsou vystavena t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Policie je zmocn\u011bna chr\u00e1nit zv\u00ed\u0159ata bez povolen\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>V samostatn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud Oregonu rozhodl, \u017ee policist\u00e9 mohou vstoupit na soukrom\u00fd pozemek, aby zachr\u00e1nili zv\u00ed\u0159ata v ohro\u017een\u00ed, ani\u017e by museli z\u00edskat povolen\u00ed. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed bylo zalo\u017eeno na konceptu \u201emimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 okolnosti\u201c, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje rychlou akci s c\u00edlem zabr\u00e1nit ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed osob nebo majetku.<\/p>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edpad se t\u00fdkal hladov\u011bj\u00edc\u00edho kon\u011b ve vlastnictv\u00ed Lindy Fessendenov\u00e9 a Teresy Dickeov\u00e9. Z\u00e1stupce \u0161erifa vstoupil na jejich pole bez povolen\u00ed, aby odvedl kon\u011b k veterin\u00e1\u0159i. Soud rozhodl, \u017ee jedn\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1stupce bylo opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9, proto\u017ee k\u016f\u0148 byl v bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a nebyl \u010das na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed povolen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1vazek Oregonu v\u016f\u010di pr\u00e1v\u016fm zv\u00ed\u0159at<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tato rozhodnut\u00ed jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed rostouc\u00edho hnut\u00ed za roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na nelidsk\u00e9 osoby. Oregon byl v \u010dele tohoto hnut\u00ed a p\u0159ijal n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kon\u016f na ochranu zv\u00ed\u0159at p\u0159ed t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00edm a zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm. Tyto z\u00e1kony zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Z\u00e1kon o prevenci t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at v Oregonu:<\/strong> Zakazuje t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed a zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at a stanov\u00ed tresty pro pachatele.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Z\u00e1kon o policejn\u00ed moci hum\u00e1nn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Oregonu:<\/strong> Poskytuje \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm hum\u00e1nn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti stejn\u00e9 pravomoci jako \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci vym\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vo k vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u016f o t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Z\u00e1kon o fondu pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed obranu zv\u00ed\u0159at v Oregonu:<\/strong> Poskytuje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm v soudn\u00edch sporech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopad rozhodnut\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu Oregonu maj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro dobr\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky zv\u00ed\u0159at ve st\u00e1t\u011b. Oni:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata jako individu\u00e1ln\u00ed ob\u011bti trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f a zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e dostane spravedlnost.<\/li>\n<li>Zmoc\u0148uj\u00ed vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va k rychl\u00e9mu z\u00e1sahu s c\u00edlem chr\u00e1nit zv\u00ed\u0159ata p\u0159ed ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00edm na zdrav\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Posiluj\u00ed z\u00e1vazek Oregonu chr\u00e1nit zv\u00ed\u0159ata p\u0159ed t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00edm a zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tato rozhodnut\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed jako vzor pro ostatn\u00ed st\u00e1ty a jurisdikce, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it z\u00e1konn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va zv\u00ed\u0159at. Ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee zv\u00ed\u0159ata jsou c\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed bytosti, kter\u00e9 si zaslou\u017e\u00ed ochranu a respekt ze z\u00e1kona.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oregon roz\u0161i\u0159uje z\u00e1konn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va zv\u00ed\u0159at Oregon u\u010dinil v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 kroky ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochrany poskytovan\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm a ud\u011blil jim pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 byla d\u0159\u00edve vyhrazena pouze lidem. Tato pr\u016flomov\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24136,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4274],"tags":[4272,947,3695,99,4273],"class_list":["post-2008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-animal-rights","tag-legal-protections","tag-animal-welfare","tag-animal-rights","tag-lifescienceart","tag-oregon-law"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2008"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2008\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24137,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2008\/revisions\/24137"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}