{"id":2060,"date":"2021-06-12T18:53:40","date_gmt":"2021-06-12T18:53:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2060"},"modified":"2021-06-12T18:53:40","modified_gmt":"2021-06-12T18:53:40","slug":"berlin-blockade-cold-war-turning-point","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/uncategorized\/berlin-blockade-cold-war-turning-point\/","title":{"rendered":"Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 blok\u00e1da Berl\u00edna: Zlomov\u00fd okam\u017eik studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 blok\u00e1da Berl\u00edna: Zlomov\u00fd okam\u017eik studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/h2>\n\n
    \n
  1. kv\u011btna 1949 Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz zru\u0161il svou rok trvaj\u00edc\u00ed blok\u00e1du Z\u00e1padn\u00edho Berl\u00edna, krok, kter\u00fd p\u0159ivedl sv\u011bt na pokraj v\u00e1lky. Blok\u00e1da, uvalen\u00e1 v reakci na rozhodnut\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edch spojenc\u016f slou\u010dit sv\u00e9 okupa\u010dn\u00ed z\u00f3ny v N\u011bmecku, od\u0159\u00edzla 2,5 milionu obyvatel m\u011bsta od potravin a z\u00e1sob.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Pozad\u00ed: Rozd\u011blen\u00ed Berl\u00edna<\/h2>\n\n

    Po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce bylo N\u011bmecko rozd\u011bleno do \u010dty\u0159 okupa\u010dn\u00edch z\u00f3n a Berl\u00edn, jeho b\u00fdval\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto, bylo rovn\u011b\u017e rozd\u011bleno do \u010dty\u0159 sektor\u016f. Berl\u00edn v\u0161ak le\u017eel hluboko uvnit\u0159 sov\u011btsk\u00e9 okupa\u010dn\u00ed z\u00f3ny, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159elo nejistou situaci.<\/p>\n\n

    Blok\u00e1da<\/h2>\n\n

    V \u010dervnu 1948 ozn\u00e1mili z\u00e1padn\u00ed spojenci pl\u00e1ny na slou\u010den\u00ed sv\u00fdch z\u00f3n do jedin\u00e9ho z\u00e1padon\u011bmeck\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz, ob\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed se vytvo\u0159en\u00ed proz\u00e1padn\u00edho N\u011bmecka, odpov\u011bd\u011bl blokov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u0161ech pozemn\u00edch a \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edch cest do Z\u00e1padn\u00edho Berl\u00edna. Blok\u00e1da byla jasn\u00fdm pokusem donutit z\u00e1padn\u00ed spojence opustit m\u011bsto.<\/p>\n\n

    Berl\u00ednsk\u00fd vzdu\u0161n\u00fd most<\/h2>\n\n

    Tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 hrozb\u011b hladomoru zah\u00e1jili z\u00e1padn\u00ed spojenci masivn\u00ed leteck\u00fd most, aby z\u00e1sobovali Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Berl\u00edn. Pod veden\u00edm gener\u00e1la Curtise LeMaye dodal leteck\u00fd most do m\u011bsta p\u0159es 2 miliony tun z\u00e1sob, udr\u017eel jeho obyvatelstvo na\u017eivu a zma\u0159il sov\u011btskou blok\u00e1du.<\/p>\n\n

    Ukon\u010den\u00ed blok\u00e1dy<\/h2>\n\n

    Po 324 dnech Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz kone\u010dn\u011b blok\u00e1du zru\u0161il, proto\u017ee nebyl schopen odolat tlaku ze strany z\u00e1padn\u00edch spojenc\u016f a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho spole\u010denstv\u00ed. Leteck\u00fd most prok\u00e1zal odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed Z\u00e1padu br\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy a stal se symbolem z\u00e1padn\u00ed jednoty tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 sov\u011btsk\u00e9 agresi.<\/p>\n\n

    Dopad na studenou v\u00e1lku<\/h2>\n\n

    Berl\u00ednsk\u00e1 blok\u00e1da byla hlavn\u00edm bodem obratu studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Ozna\u010dila prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmou konfrontaci mezi Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem a z\u00e1padn\u00edmi spojenci a p\u0159ipravila p\u016fdu pro desetilet\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi ob\u011bma supervelmocemi. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd leteck\u00fd most tak\u00e9 pos\u00edlil mor\u00e1lku Z\u00e1padu a uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz lze zadr\u017eet.<\/p>\n\n

    D\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

    Berl\u00ednsk\u00e1 blok\u00e1da z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou nebezpe\u010d\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch konflikt\u016f a d\u016fle\u017eitosti m\u00edrov\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Leteck\u00fd most, pozoruhodn\u00fd po\u010din v oblasti logistiky a spolupr\u00e1ce, stoj\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz odolnosti lidsk\u00e9ho ducha.<\/p>\n\n

    Pr\u016fzkum kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch slov s dlouh\u00fdm \u0445\u0432\u043estem<\/h2>\n\n
      \n
    • Historick\u00fd kontext berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 blok\u00e1dy:<\/strong> Rozd\u011blen\u00ed N\u011bmecka a Berl\u00edna po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi z\u00e1padn\u00edmi spojenci a Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem a motivace za blok\u00e1dou.<\/li>\n
    • Dopad berl\u00ednsk\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho mostu na studenou v\u00e1lku:<\/strong> Role leteck\u00e9ho mostu p\u0159i ma\u0159en\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00e9 agrese, posilov\u00e1n\u00ed mor\u00e1lky Z\u00e1padu a utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bhu studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/li>\n
    • Veden\u00ed Curtise LeMaye b\u011bhem berl\u00ednsk\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho mostu:<\/strong> LeMayovo strategick\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, logistick\u00e1 odbornost a odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat v\u00fdzvy, aby zajistil \u00fasp\u011bch leteck\u00e9ho mostu.<\/li>\n
    • Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a diplomacie b\u011bhem berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 blok\u00e1dy:<\/strong> Role OSN, Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1padn\u00edch mocnost\u00ed p\u0159i koordinaci leteck\u00e9ho mostu a vyv\u00edjen\u00ed tlaku na Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz, aby blok\u00e1du zru\u0161il.<\/li>\n
    • Pou\u010den\u00ed z berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 blok\u00e1dy:<\/strong> V\u00fdznam mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce, nebezpe\u010d\u00ed jadern\u00e9 eskalace a potenci\u00e1l m\u00edrov\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch konflikt\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 blok\u00e1da Berl\u00edna: Zlomov\u00fd okam\u017eik studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky kv\u011btna 1949 Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz zru\u0161il svou rok trvaj\u00edc\u00ed blok\u00e1du Z\u00e1padn\u00edho Berl\u00edna, krok, kter\u00fd p\u0159ivedl sv\u011bt na pokraj v\u00e1lky. Blok\u00e1da, uvalen\u00e1 v reakci na…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4366,4367,27,4368,243,770],"class_list":["post-2060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-berlin-blockade","tag-berlin-airlift","tag-history","tag-international-cooperation","tag-resilience","tag-cold-war"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2060","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2060"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2060\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2061,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2060\/revisions\/2061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}