{"id":2109,"date":"2021-04-05T16:01:35","date_gmt":"2021-04-05T16:01:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2109"},"modified":"2021-04-05T16:01:35","modified_gmt":"2021-04-05T16:01:35","slug":"waldseemuller-map-charting-the-new-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/uncategorized\/waldseemuller-map-charting-the-new-world\/","title":{"rendered":"Waldseem\u00fcllerova mapa: Kartografick\u00fd miln\u00edk objevov\u00e1n\u00ed Nov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Waldseem\u00fcllerova mapa: Kartografick\u00e9 zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00ed Nov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Objevov\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u016fzkum<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 16. stolet\u00ed se evrop\u0161t\u00ed cestovatel\u00e9 vydali na odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 cesty p\u0159es Atlantsk\u00fd oce\u00e1n, hn\u00e1ni \u017e\u00edzn\u00ed po objevov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00edrou v existenci \u201eNov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta\u201c. Mezi tyto cestovatele pat\u0159il tak\u00e9 Amerigo Vespucci, florentsk\u00fd obchodn\u00edk a mo\u0159eplavec. Vespucciovy cesty pod\u00e9l v\u00fdchodn\u00edho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky ho dovedly k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee objevil \u010dtvrtou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u011bta, odli\u0161nou od Evropy, Asie a Afriky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zrozen\u00ed \u201eAmeriky\u201c<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1507 vydali dva n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed u\u010denci, Matthias Ringmann a Martin Waldseem\u00fcller, pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9 d\u00edlo s n\u00e1zvem \u201eCosmographiae Introductio\u201c (\u00davod do kosmografie). Tato kniha obsahovala mapu sv\u011bta, kter\u00e1 zobrazovala Nov\u00fd sv\u011bt jako samostatn\u00fd kontinent, obklopen\u00fd ze v\u0161ech stran vodou. Ringmann, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za autora doprovodn\u00e9ho textu mapy, vymyslel n\u00e1zev \u201eAmerika\u201c na po\u010dest Vespucciho.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Spolupr\u00e1ce Ringmanna a Waldseem\u00fcllera<\/h2>\n\n<p>Spolupr\u00e1ce Ringmanna a Waldseem\u00fcllera byla z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy. Ringmannovy znalosti starov\u011bk\u00e9 \u0159e\u010dtiny a jeho z\u00e1jem o slovn\u00ed h\u0159\u00ed\u010dky ovlivnily pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed Ameriky. Waldseem\u00fcller, zku\u0161en\u00fd kartograf, vyu\u017eil nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed geografick\u00e9 \u00fadaje, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch map od portugalsk\u00fdch cestovatel\u016f, aby vytvo\u0159il pozoruhodn\u011b p\u0159esnou mapu na svou dobu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Waldseem\u00fcllerova mapa byla kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm momentem v historii kartografie. Byla jednou z prvn\u00edch map, kter\u00e1 zobrazovala Nov\u00fd sv\u011bt jako samostatn\u00fd kontinent a ozna\u010dila ho jm\u00e9nem \u201eAmerika\u201c. Mapa tak\u00e9 pomohla formovat evropsk\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta, proto\u017ee zpochybnila tradi\u010dn\u00ed Ptolemaiovo pojet\u00ed, \u017ee Zem\u011b se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 pouze ze t\u0159\u00ed kontinent\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Znovuobjeven\u00ed mapy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Waldseem\u00fcllerova mapa byla po stalet\u00ed ztracena, dokud ji v roce 1901 znovu neobjevil otec Joseph Fischer, jezuitsk\u00fd kn\u011bz a historik. Fischer\u016fv objev zp\u016fsobil senzaci ve sv\u011bt\u011b kartografie a pomohl vrhnout nov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na ranou historii Ameriky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odkaz Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Dnes je Waldseem\u00fcllerova mapa ulo\u017eena v Kongresov\u00e9 knihovn\u011b ve Washingtonu, D.C., kde je vystavena jako sou\u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdstavy \u201eExploring the Early Americas\u201c (Pr\u016fzkum ran\u00fdch Amerik). Mapa z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fkazem vynal\u00e9zavosti a vytrvalosti ran\u00fdch cestovatel\u016f a kartograf\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed utv\u00e1\u0159eli na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova s dlouh\u00fdm \u0445\u0432\u043estem:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vliv Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy na evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fzkum<\/li>\n<li>Vliv cest Ameriga Vespucciho na pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed Ameriky<\/li>\n<li>Role slovn\u00edch h\u0159\u00ed\u010dek Mathiase Ringmanna p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1zvu \u201eAmerika\u201c<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159esnost Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy p\u0159i zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed Nov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta<\/li>\n<li>Znovuobjeven\u00ed Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy otcem Josephem Fischerem<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdznam Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy v historii kartografie<\/li>\n<li>Odkaz Waldseem\u00fcllerovy mapy p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161eho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Waldseem\u00fcllerova mapa: Kartografick\u00e9 zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00ed Nov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta Objevov\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u016fzkum Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 16. stolet\u00ed se evrop\u0161t\u00ed cestovatel\u00e9 vydali na odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 cesty p\u0159es Atlantsk\u00fd oce\u00e1n, hn\u00e1ni \u017e\u00edzn\u00ed po objevov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00edrou v&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4436,27,4437,4438,564,4435],"class_list":["post-2109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-america","tag-history","tag-cartography","tag-new-world","tag-exploration","tag-waldseemuller-map"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2109"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2109\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2110,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2109\/revisions\/2110"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}