{"id":2285,"date":"2024-08-30T13:12:44","date_gmt":"2024-08-30T13:12:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2285"},"modified":"2024-08-30T13:12:44","modified_gmt":"2024-08-30T13:12:44","slug":"why-are-puffins-and-other-seabirds-dying-in-the-bering-sea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/marine-biology\/why-are-puffins-and-other-seabirds-dying-in-the-bering-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d papuchalk\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm mo\u0159sk\u00fdm pt\u00e1k\u016fm hroz\u00ed \u00fahyn v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d papuchalk\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm mo\u0159sk\u00fdm pt\u00e1k\u016fm hroz\u00ed \u00fahyn v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Beringovo mo\u0159e je domovem rozmanit\u00e9 populace mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b papuchalk\u016f, alkoun\u016f \u00fazkozob\u00fdch, papuchalk\u016f chocholat\u00fdch a kajek. V roce 2016 do\u0161lo v jeho v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti k hromadn\u00e9mu \u00famrt\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f. Odhaduje se, \u017ee tehdy zahynulo 3150 a\u017e 8800 jedinc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina hromadn\u00e9ho \u00fahynu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nov\u00e1 studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise PLOS One nazna\u010duje, \u017ee za \u00fahynem stoj\u00ed p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bna klimatu. Studie zjistila, \u017ee oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed vod a \u00fabytek ledu v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i vedly k poklesu mno\u017estv\u00ed planktonu ve studen\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch. Ten je p\u0159itom hlavn\u00edm zdrojem potravy pro mo\u0159sk\u00e9 pt\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zn\u00e1mky a p\u0159\u00edznaky hladov\u011bn\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed pt\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed uhynuli p\u0159i hromadn\u00e9m \u00famrt\u00ed v roce 2016, byli velmi vyhubl\u00ed, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee zem\u0159eli hladem. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1mky a p\u0159\u00edznaky hladov\u011bn\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Letargie<\/li>\n<li>Slabost<\/li>\n<li>Ztr\u00e1ta chuti k j\u00eddlu<\/li>\n<li>Ztr\u00e1ta hmotnosti<\/li>\n<li>Matn\u00e9 pe\u0159\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Dezorientace<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d papuchalkov\u00e9 chocholat\u00ed pelichali pozd\u011b?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Papuchalkov\u00e9 chocholat\u00ed obvykle pelichaj\u00ed mezi srpnem a \u0159\u00edjnem, pot\u00e9, co ji\u017e odlet\u011bli do zimovi\u0161\u0165. Papuchalkov\u00e9 chocholat\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed uhynuli p\u0159i hromadn\u00e9m \u00famrt\u00ed v roce 2016, v\u0161ak byli v polovin\u011b pelich\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy\u017e byli v \u0159\u00edjnu vyplaveni na b\u0159eh. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee pelichali pozd\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pelich\u00e1n\u00ed je pro pt\u00e1ky stresuj\u00edc\u00ed obdob\u00ed, proto\u017ee zvy\u0161uje jejich energetick\u00e9 n\u00e1roky, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euje jejich schopnost l\u00e9tat a pot\u00e1p\u011bt se, co\u017e zt\u011b\u017euje hled\u00e1n\u00ed potravy. Papuchalkov\u00e9 chocholat\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed uhynuli p\u0159i hromadn\u00e9m \u00famrt\u00ed v roce 2016, mohli pelichat pozd\u011b proto, \u017ee nebyli schopni naj\u00edt dostatek potravy, aby se v tomto zraniteln\u00e9m obdob\u00ed u\u017eivili.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak ovliv\u0148uje dostupnost a kvalita ko\u0159isti p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed pt\u00e1ci jsou z\u00e1visl\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00fdch druz\u00edch ko\u0159isti, v\u010detn\u011b ryb, planktonu a krillu. Dostupnost a kvalita t\u011bchto druh\u016f ko\u0159isti m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>V Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i je plankton ve studen\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch hlavn\u00edm zdrojem potravy pro mo\u0159sk\u00e9 pt\u00e1ky. Oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed vod a \u00fabytek ledu v\u0161ak vedly k poklesu mno\u017estv\u00ed planktonu ve studen\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch. To zase sn\u00ed\u017eilo dostupnost ko\u0159isti pro mo\u0159sk\u00e9 pt\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u017eiv\u00ed rybami \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi ve studen\u00e9 vod\u011b, jako je treska a lod\u011bnka.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nav\u00edc ryby, kter\u00e9 jsou k dispozici, maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed kalorickou hodnotu, proto\u017ee se \u017eiv\u00ed men\u0161\u00edm planktonem. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed pt\u00e1ci z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed z potravy, kterou jed\u00ed, m\u00e9n\u011b energie, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k hladov\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00e1 je budoucnost mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Budoucnost mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i je nejist\u00e1. Zm\u011bna klimatu nad\u00e1le otepluje vody a sni\u017euje mno\u017estv\u00ed ledu v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i, co\u017e pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b bude m\u00edt negativn\u00ed dopad na populace mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>Mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed pt\u00e1ci jsou v\u0161ak odoln\u00ed tvorov\u00e9 a v minulosti se dok\u00e1zali p\u0159izp\u016fsobit m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se mo\u0159sk\u00fdm pt\u00e1k\u016fm poda\u0159\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se podm\u00ednk\u00e1m v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i, ale je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee jejich populace poklesnou.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pouze \u010das uk\u00e1\u017ee, co budoucnost p\u0159inese mo\u0159sk\u00fdm pt\u00e1k\u016fm v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pro\u010d papuchalk\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm mo\u0159sk\u00fdm pt\u00e1k\u016fm hroz\u00ed \u00fahyn v Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i? Beringovo mo\u0159e je domovem rozmanit\u00e9 populace mo\u0159sk\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b papuchalk\u016f, alkoun\u016f \u00fazkozob\u00fdch, papuchalk\u016f chocholat\u00fdch a kajek. V roce 2016&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24191,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[4727,219,1298,4725,4726,34],"class_list":["post-2285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-marine-biology","tag-bering-sea","tag-ecology","tag-marine-conservation","tag-seabirds","tag-puffins","tag-climate-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2285"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2285\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24192,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2285\/revisions\/24192"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}