{"id":2440,"date":"2025-10-02T01:02:54","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T01:02:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2440"},"modified":"2025-10-02T01:02:54","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T01:02:54","slug":"sex-and-gender-in-scientific-journals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/life-science\/sex-and-gender-in-scientific-journals\/","title":{"rendered":"Pohlav\u00ed vs. Gender ve V\u011bd\u011b: Pr\u016fvodce pro jasn\u00fd jazyk"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pohlav\u00ed a gender v v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u010dasopisech: Pr\u016fvodce pro v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi pohlav\u00edm a genderem?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pohlav\u00ed a gender nejsou zam\u011bniteln\u00e9 term\u00edny. Pohlav\u00ed se vztahuje k biologick\u00fdm charakteristik\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed, zda je jedinec mu\u017e nebo \u017eena. Tyto charakteristiky zahrnuj\u00ed chromozomy, hormony a reproduk\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1ny. Gender je naproti tomu spole\u010densk\u00fd a kulturn\u00ed konstrukt, kter\u00fd se vztahuje k rol\u00edm, chov\u00e1n\u00ed a identit\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou spojeny s t\u00edm, \u017ee je \u010dlov\u011bk mu\u017eem nebo \u017eenou v ur\u010dit\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozli\u0161ovat pohlav\u00ed a gender ve v\u011bd\u011b?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozli\u0161ovat pohlav\u00ed a gender ve v\u011bd\u011b, proto\u017ee tyto dva pojmy se ne v\u017edy shoduj\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, osob\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159i narozen\u00ed p\u0159i\u0159azeno mu\u017esk\u00e9 pohlav\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jej\u00edho biologick\u00e9ho pohlav\u00ed, ale m\u016f\u017ee se identifikovat jako \u017eena nebo nebin\u00e1rn\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b sv\u00e9 genderov\u00e9 identity. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zmatk\u016fm a nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 interpretaci ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu, pokud jsou term\u00edny pohlav\u00ed a gender pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny zam\u011bniteln\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak se mohou v\u011bdci vyhnout z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b pohlav\u00ed a genderu ve sv\u00fdch spisech?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci se mohou vyhnout z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b pohlav\u00ed a genderu ve sv\u00fdch spisech dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto pokyn\u016f:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edvejte term\u00edn \u201epohlav\u00ed\u201c k ozna\u010den\u00ed biologick\u00fdch charakteristik.<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edvejte term\u00edn \u201egender\u201c k ozna\u010den\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edch a kulturn\u00edch konstrukt\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Bu\u010fte konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159i popisu pohlav\u00ed nebo genderu subjektu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, m\u00edsto abyste \u0159ekli \u201epacient je mu\u017e\u201c, \u0159ekn\u011bte \u201epacientovi bylo p\u0159i narozen\u00ed p\u0159i\u0159azeno mu\u017esk\u00e9 pohlav\u00ed\u201c.<\/li>\n<li>Vyh\u00fdbejte se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed genderov\u011b specifick\u00e9ho jazyka, pokud to nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, m\u00edsto abyste \u0159ekli \u201el\u00e9ka\u0159 vy\u0161et\u0159il pacienta\u201c, \u0159ekn\u011bte \u201el\u00e9ka\u0159 vy\u0161et\u0159il pacientovo b\u0159icho\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zneu\u017eit\u00ed genderu ve v\u011bdeck\u00fdch titulech<\/h2>\n\n<p>V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se objevuje trend pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed term\u00ednu \u201egender\u201c ve v\u011bdeck\u00fdch titulech, i kdy\u017e v\u00fdzkum ve skute\u010dnosti nen\u00ed o genderu. To je problematick\u00e9, proto\u017ee to m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zmatk\u016fm a nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 interpretaci. Nap\u0159\u00edklad studie, kter\u00e1 zkoum\u00e1 genetick\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi mu\u017ei a \u017eenami, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt n\u00e1zev \u201eGender Gap v expresi gen\u016f\u201c. Tento titul nazna\u010duje, \u017ee studie je o genderu, zat\u00edmco ve skute\u010dnosti je o pohlav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gender Gap ve v\u011bd\u011b<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ve v\u011bd\u011b existuje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd gender gap. \u017deny jsou v oblasti v\u011bdy nedostate\u010dn\u011b zastoupeny a je m\u00e9n\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee budou pov\u00fd\u0161eny na vedouc\u00ed pozice. Tato gender gap m\u00e1 \u0159adu negativn\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 diverzita perspektiv ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e9n\u011b inovac\u00ed a kreativity ve v\u011bd\u011b<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e9n\u011b vzor\u016f pro mlad\u00e9 \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 se zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed o v\u011bdu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby si v\u011bdci byli v\u011bdomi rozd\u00edlu mezi pohlav\u00edm a genderem a spr\u00e1vn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvali tyto term\u00edny ve sv\u00fdch spisech. Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm pokyn\u016f uveden\u00fdch v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku mohou v\u011bdci pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit zmatky a nespr\u00e1vnou interpretaci ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pohlav\u00ed a gender v v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u010dasopisech: Pr\u016fvodce pro v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi pohlav\u00edm a genderem? Pohlav\u00ed a gender nejsou zam\u011bniteln\u00e9 term\u00edny. Pohlav\u00ed se vztahuje k biologick\u00fdm charakteristik\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25013,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[398],"tags":[4407,4966,4965,160,342],"class_list":["post-2440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-life-science","tag-gender","tag-scientific-writing","tag-sex","tag-science-communication","tag-life-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2440"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2440\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25014,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2440\/revisions\/25014"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25013"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}