{"id":2466,"date":"2019-09-17T13:18:48","date_gmt":"2019-09-17T13:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2466"},"modified":"2019-09-17T13:18:48","modified_gmt":"2019-09-17T13:18:48","slug":"b5aa484b5d138cf1210e2be361b1344a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/earth-science\/b5aa484b5d138cf1210e2be361b1344a\/","title":{"rendered":"b5aa484b5d138cf1210e2be361b1344a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">xkcd diagram &#8220;Frekvence&#8221;: Uveden\u00ed velk\u00fdch koncept\u016f do kontextu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Randall Munroe, tv\u016frce popul\u00e1rn\u00edho webov\u00e9ho komiksu xkcd, m\u00e1 talent ud\u011blat slo\u017eit\u00e9 koncepty srozumiteln\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9. Jeho posledn\u00ed diagram s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Frekvence&#8221; je skv\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem.<\/p>\n\n<p>Diagram uv\u00e1d\u00ed do kontrastu r\u016fzn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed s r\u016fznou frekvenc\u00ed, od t\u011bch v\u0161edn\u00edch (jako je tlukot srdce) po mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 (jako jsou zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed). Tato juxtapozice pom\u00e1h\u00e1 tyto ud\u00e1losti uv\u00e9st do perspektivy a \u010din\u00ed je plasti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad diagram ukazuje, \u017ee na t\u00e9to planet\u011b se rod\u00ed d\u011bti rychleji, ne\u017e bije va\u0161e srdce. Tento jednoduch\u00fd fakt m\u016f\u017ee pomoci pochopit obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed porod\u016f, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd den.<\/p>\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je frekvence zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. Diagram ukazuje, \u017ee p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159i \u00fadery va\u0161eho srdce dojde n\u011bkde na planet\u011b k zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. To je ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed statistika a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zd\u016fraznit skute\u010dnost, \u017ee zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm jevem.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak dlouho byste museli \u010dekat, abyste vid\u011bli zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed o s\u00edle 4?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jedna polo\u017eka v Munroeov\u011b diagramu, kter\u00e1 se zd\u00e1, \u017ee nikdy neblik\u00e1, je &#8220;Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed (s\u00edla 4)&#8221;. To n\u00e1s p\u0159im\u011blo p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let: jak dlouho byste museli \u010dekat, abyste vid\u011bli, jak blik\u00e1?<\/p>\n\n<p>Podle United States Geological Survey doch\u00e1z\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok k p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 13 000 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm o s\u00edle 4,0 a\u017e 4,9. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee byste museli sed\u011bt asi 40 minut, abyste vid\u011bli, jak pol\u00ed\u010dko Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed (s\u00edla 4) blik\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed poznatky z diagramu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Munroe\u016fv diagram d\u011bl\u00e1 opravdu dob\u0159e n\u011bkolik v\u011bc\u00ed. Za prv\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u00ed ud\u00e1losti do vztahu k sob\u011b navz\u00e1jem, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee pomoci u\u010dinit je smyslupln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. Diagram nap\u0159\u00edklad ukazuje, \u017ee srde\u010dn\u00ed tep je \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e s\u0148atky a \u017ee porody jsou \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Za druh\u00e9 diagram pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vysv\u011btlit ezoteri\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1losti. Diagram nap\u0159\u00edklad ukazuje, \u017ee \u017eraloci jsou vytahov\u00e1ni z oce\u00e1nu s p\u0159ekvapivou frekvenc\u00ed. To je skute\u010dnost, kterou si mnoz\u00ed lid\u00e9 nemus\u00ed uv\u011bdomovat, ale pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zd\u016fraznit skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u017eraloci nejsou tak vz\u00e1cn\u00ed, jak bychom si mohli myslet.<\/p>\n\n<p>Celkov\u011b je xkcd diagram &#8220;Frekvence&#8221; fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm a pou\u010dn\u00fdm pohledem na sv\u011bt kolem n\u00e1s. Je skv\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem toho, jak lze data vyu\u017e\u00edt k tomu, aby se slo\u017eit\u00e9 koncepty staly p\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi a srozumiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed long-tailov\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>jak interpretovat Richterovu stupnici<\/li>\n<li>jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm a ot\u0159esem<\/li>\n<li>jak\u00e9 jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>jak\u00e9 jsou \u00fa\u010dinky zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>jak z\u016fstat v bezpe\u010d\u00ed b\u011bhem zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>jak se p\u0159ipravit na zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>co d\u011blat po zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>xkcd diagram &#8220;Frekvence&#8221;: Uveden\u00ed velk\u00fdch koncept\u016f do kontextu Randall Munroe, tv\u016frce popul\u00e1rn\u00edho webov\u00e9ho komiksu xkcd, m\u00e1 talent ud\u011blat slo\u017eit\u00e9 koncepty srozumiteln\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9. Jeho posledn\u00ed diagram s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Frekvence&#8221; je&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[5002,5004,5003,5005,97,821,5001,4866,73],"class_list":["post-2466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-frequency","tag-births","tag-heartbeats","tag-deaths","tag-science","tag-data-visualization","tag-xkcd","tag-earthquakes","tag-sharks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2466"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2466\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2467,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2466\/revisions\/2467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}