Kdy\u017e v roce 1993 vy\u0161el film Jursk\u00fd park, v\u011bdci rychle pouk\u00e1zali na to, \u017ee velocirapto\u0159i zobrazen\u00ed ve filmu byli mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jak\u00fdkoli skute\u010dn\u00fd druh velociraptora zn\u00e1m\u00fd v t\u00e9 dob\u011b. Ale u\u017e o rok pozd\u011bji objevili paleontologov\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky obrovsk\u00e9ho, 6,4 metru dlouh\u00e9ho dromeosaura jm\u00e9nem Utahraptor v Utahu. Tento objev nazna\u010dil, \u017ee v rodokmenu velociraptor\u016f skute\u010dn\u011b existovali ob\u0159\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 2022 byl v Proceedings of the Royal Society B ozn\u00e1men dal\u0161\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd \u201eraptor\u201c: Austroraptor. Tento objev je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd, proto\u017ee vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na rozmanitost a evoluci dromaeosaur\u016f na ji\u017en\u00ed polokouli, zejm\u00e9na v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe.<\/p>\n\n
Austroraptor pat\u0159il do skupiny dromaeosaur\u016f zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako Unenlagiinae, kter\u00e9 se vyzna\u010dovaly dlouh\u00fdmi \u010denichy a relativn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00fdmi pa\u017eemi ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi dromaeosaury. P\u0159esto\u017ee st\u00e1le chyb\u00ed velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st Austroraptorovy kostry, poskytuj\u00ed nalezen\u00e1 lebka, noha, obratle a kosti pa\u017e\u00ed cenn\u00e9 poznatky o tomto jedine\u010dn\u00e9m pred\u00e1torovi.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z n\u00e1padn\u00fdch rys\u016f Austroraptora jsou jeho krat\u0161\u00ed pa\u017ee. Na rozd\u00edl od mnoha jin\u00fdch dromaeosaur\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed velmi dlouh\u00e9 pa\u017ee, nazna\u010duje pa\u017en\u00ed kost Austroraptora, \u017ee jeho pa\u017ee byly sp\u00ed\u0161e podobn\u00e9 velikost\u00ed pa\u017e\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch teropod\u016f, jako jsou Allosaurus a Carcharodontosaurus. To odpov\u00edd\u00e1 trendu pozorovan\u00e9mu u maso\u017erav\u00fdch teropod\u016f: s rostouc\u00ed velikost\u00ed t\u011bla se zmen\u0161uje d\u00e9lka pa\u017ee.<\/p>\n\n
Zkamen\u011bl\u00e9 kosti nohou Austroraptora jsou tak\u00e9 pozoruhodn\u011b velk\u00e9, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed po\u017eadavky na \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kosti jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro udr\u017een\u00ed v\u00e1hy v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch t\u011bl. Austroraptor nen\u00ed jednodu\u0161e zv\u011bt\u0161enou verz\u00ed sv\u00fdch men\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch, jako je Buitreraptor; vykazuje jedine\u010dn\u00e9 adaptace souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s jeho velikost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Objev Austroraptora m\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mu drav\u00fdch dinosaur\u016f v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe v obdob\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddy. Tento n\u00e1lez nazna\u010duje, \u017ee Ji\u017en\u00ed Amerika byla centrem diverzifikace pro dromaeosaury a \u017ee tito dinosau\u0159i dorostli do obrovsk\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b soupe\u0159ili s jin\u00fdmi pred\u00e1tory, jako jsou abelisaurus a ned\u00e1vno ozn\u00e1men\u00fd Skorpiovenator.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159\u00edtomnost velk\u00fdch dromaeosaur\u016f, jako je Austroraptor, v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe zpochyb\u0148uje tradi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1zor, \u017ee tito dinosau\u0159i byli prim\u00e1rn\u011b mal\u00ed, obratn\u00ed lovci. Ukazuje, \u017ee dromaeosau\u0159i vykazovali \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu velikost\u00ed a ekologick\u00fdch rol\u00ed a \u017ee byli schopni obsadit r\u016fzn\u00e9 niky v potravn\u00edm \u0159et\u011bzci.<\/p>\n\n
Austroraptor je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed nov\u00fd objev, kter\u00fd poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o rozmanitosti a evoluci dromaeosaur\u016f na ji\u017en\u00ed polokouli. Jeho jedine\u010dn\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 vlastnosti a ekologick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky osv\u011btluj\u00ed komplexn\u00ed a dynamick\u00e9 vztahy pred\u00e1tor-ko\u0159ist, kter\u00e9 existovaly v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe v obdob\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddy.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Austroraptor: Obrovsk\u00fd, srpovit\u011b dr\u00e1pat\u00fd zabij\u00e1k z Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky Objev a v\u00fdznam Kdy\u017e v roce 1993 vy\u0161el film Jursk\u00fd park, v\u011bdci rychle pouk\u00e1zali na to, \u017ee velocirapto\u0159i zobrazen\u00ed ve filmu byli…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[5251,5252,1674,554,137,5253],"class_list":["post-2607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-austroraptor","tag-dromaeosaurs","tag-south-america","tag-cretaceous","tag-paleontology","tag-prehistoric-predators"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2607"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2608,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2607\/revisions\/2608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}