Brontosaurus, jeden z nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dinosaur\u016f v\u0161ech dob, se mo\u017en\u00e1 chyst\u00e1 na n\u00e1vrat. Nov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza dinosau\u0159\u00edch koster nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tento dlouh\u00fd krk, t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 t\u011blo b\u00fdlo\u017eravce je ve skute\u010dnosti dostate\u010dn\u011b jedine\u010dn\u00fd, aby o\u017eivil sv\u00e9 obl\u00edben\u00e9 jm\u00e9no.<\/p>\n\n
V ran\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch objevov\u00e1n\u00ed dinosaur\u016f byl Brontosaurus pops\u00e1n jako samostatn\u00fd rod. V roce 1903 v\u0161ak paleontolog Elmer Riggs zjistil, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina znak\u016f, kter\u00e9 se zd\u00e1ly odli\u0161ovat Brontosaura od Apatosaura, dal\u0161\u00edho podobn\u00e9ho dinosaura, byla ve skute\u010dnosti zp\u016fsobena rozd\u00edly v r\u016fstu. V d\u016fsledku toho byl Brontosaurus p\u0159e\u0159azen do postaven\u00ed druhu v r\u00e1mci rodu Apatosaurus.<\/p>\n\n
Ale nyn\u00ed nov\u00e1 studie od v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii a Portugalsku nazna\u010duje, \u017ee Brontosaurus si p\u0159esto m\u016f\u017ee zaslou\u017eit sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed rod. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci analyzovali 477 anatomick\u00fdch orienta\u010dn\u00edch bod\u016f u 81 jednotliv\u00fdch dinosaur\u016f a zjistili, \u017ee kosti p\u016fvodn\u011b naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 Brontosaurus Othnielem Charlesem Marshem, paleontologem, kter\u00fd jako prvn\u00ed popsal druh, se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt odli\u0161n\u00e9 od dvou druh\u016f Apatosaura.<\/p>\n\n
V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci identifikovali n\u011bkolik jemn\u00fdch anatomick\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi Brontosaurem a Apatosaurem. Jedn\u00edm z nejz\u0159ejm\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f je, \u017ee Apatosaurus m\u00e1 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed krk ne\u017e Brontosaurus. Nav\u00edc Brontosaurus nebyl tak robustn\u00ed jako Apatosaurus.<\/p>\n\n
Zda Brontosaurus ofici\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1 zp\u011bt sv\u016fj status samostatn\u00e9ho rodu, se teprve uvid\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed paleontologov\u00e9 budou muset replikovat v\u00fdsledky nov\u00e9 studie a shodnout se na prahu, kdy dinosau\u0159i zaslou\u017e\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na.<\/p>\n\n
Bez ohledu na jeho taxonomick\u00fd status zauj\u00edm\u00e1 Brontosaurus zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed m\u00edsto v popul\u00e1rn\u00ed kultu\u0159e. Jm\u00e9no se stalo symbolem vyhynul\u00fdch tvor\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nad\u00e1le zapaluj\u00ed na\u0161i p\u0159edstavivost. Brontosaurus p\u0159edstavuje spojen\u00ed s minulost\u00ed, kterou nem\u016f\u017eeme nikdy nav\u0161t\u00edvit, ale kterou m\u016f\u017eeme st\u00e1le zahl\u00e9dnout skrze velkolep\u00e9 kosti dinosaura.<\/p>\n\n
Aby mohli paleontologov\u00e9 klasifikovat dinosaury, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed discipl\u00ednu zvanou kladistika. Kladistika zahrnuje anal\u00fdzu dinosau\u0159\u00edch koster za \u00fa\u010delem identifikace sd\u00edlen\u00fdch znak\u016f. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 programy pak tyto znaky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed rodokmenu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na tom, kdo sd\u00edl\u00ed jak\u00e9 znaky.<\/p>\n\n
R\u016fzn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se mohou rozhodnout analyzovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 znaky a sk\u00f3rovat je r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby, tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotliv\u00fd v\u00fdsledek je hypot\u00e9zou, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed od dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Brontosaurus nen\u00ed jedin\u00fd dinosaurus, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v taxonomick\u00e9m nap\u011bt\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e9ho tyrannosaurida Gorgosaura librata jako jedine\u010dn\u00fd rod, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed ho pova\u017euj\u00ed za druh Albertosaura.<\/p>\n\n
Debata o klasifikaci dinosaur\u016f bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pokra\u010dovat, jak budou u\u010din\u011bny nov\u00e9 objevy a jak se bude vyv\u00edjet na\u0161e pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto d\u00e1vn\u00fdch tvor\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Brontosaurus: Zp\u00e1tky z \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch? Dinosaurus, kter\u00fd si mo\u017en\u00e1 zaslou\u017e\u00ed vlastn\u00ed rod Brontosaurus, jeden z nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dinosaur\u016f v\u0161ech dob, se mo\u017en\u00e1 chyst\u00e1 na n\u00e1vrat. Nov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza dinosau\u0159\u00edch koster nazna\u010duje, \u017ee…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[5293,134,137,2727,97],"class_list":["post-2633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-brontosaurus","tag-dinosaurs","tag-paleontology","tag-taxonomy","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2633"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2633\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2634,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2633\/revisions\/2634"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}