{"id":2672,"date":"2023-04-01T08:59:08","date_gmt":"2023-04-01T08:59:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2672"},"modified":"2023-04-01T08:59:08","modified_gmt":"2023-04-01T08:59:08","slug":"live-birth-tadpole-frog-discovery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/live-birth-tadpole-frog-discovery\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u011b objeven\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1ba rod\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e1 ml\u00e1\u010fata"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed druh \u017e\u00e1by rod\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9 pulce<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objev pozoruhodn\u00e9 oboj\u017eivelnice<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>V rozmanit\u00e9m a fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f byl u\u010din\u011bn pozoruhodn\u00fd objev: \u017e\u00e1ba, kter\u00e1 se vymyk\u00e1 b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm norm\u00e1m rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee rod\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9 pulce. Tento v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd druh, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Limnonectes larvaepartus, je d\u016fkazem mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozmanitosti \u017eivota na Zemi.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Poru\u0161en\u00ed pravidel: Vnit\u0159n\u00ed oplozen\u00ed a \u017eivorodost<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Na rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161iny \u017eab, kter\u00e9 kladou vaj\u00ed\u010dka a proch\u00e1zej\u00ed st\u00e1diem pulce, Limnonectes larvaepartus vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jedine\u010dnou rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed strategii. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00ed oplozen\u00ed, co\u017e je vz\u00e1cn\u00fd jev mezi \u017e\u00e1bami, kdy samec oplod\u0148uje vaj\u00ed\u010dka uvnit\u0159 t\u011bla samice. Tento proces vede k v\u00fdvoji pulc\u016f uvnit\u0159 matky \u017e\u00e1by, co\u017e nakonec vede k narozen\u00ed \u017eiv\u00fdch pulc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Limnonectes larvaepartus: \u017d\u00e1ba s tes\u00e1ky z Indon\u00e9sie<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Limnonectes larvaepartus, \u017e\u00e1ba s tes\u00e1ky poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z indon\u00e9sk\u00e9ho ostrova Sulawesi, je jedin\u00fdm zn\u00e1m\u00fdm druhem \u017e\u00e1by, kter\u00fd vykazuje tento mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed znak. Jeho charakteristick\u00fdm rysem je p\u00e1r v\u00fdb\u011b\u017ek\u016f ve tvaru tes\u00e1k\u016f na spodn\u00ed \u010delisti, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k agresivn\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Odhalen\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed sulawessk\u00fdch oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>P\u0159ed t\u00edmto pr\u016flomov\u00fdm objevem m\u011bli herpetologov\u00e9 omezen\u00e9 znalosti o Limnonectes larvaepartus. T\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f z University of California, Berkeley, se vydal na expedici na Sulawesi, kde sb\u00edral exempl\u00e1\u0159e t\u00e9to z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1by. Jejich pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed odhalila pozoruhodn\u00e9 rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto druhu.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed hojnost \u017eivorod\u00fdch \u017eab na Sulawesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b sv\u00fdch zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u011bdci spekuluj\u00ed, \u017ee a\u017e 25 dal\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f \u017eab \u00fazce p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch s Limnonectes larvaepartus m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 ob\u00fdvat Sulawesi. To nazna\u010duje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed existenci rozmanit\u00e9 skupiny \u017eab, kter\u00e9 sd\u00edlej\u00ed tuto jedine\u010dnou rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed strategii.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Vnit\u0159n\u00ed oplozen\u00ed u oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f: Vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 jevy<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6 000 zn\u00e1m\u00fdch druh\u016f \u017eab na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b se pouze n\u011bkolik vybran\u00fdch, v\u010detn\u011b Limnonectes larvaepartus, vyvinulo tak, aby vyu\u017e\u00edvalo vnit\u0159n\u00ed oplozen\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee tyto \u017e\u00e1by rod\u00ed pln\u011b vyvinut\u00e9 \u017eabky, nikoli pulce, na rozd\u00edl od Limnonectes larvaepartus.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Obavy o ochranu v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch \u017eab<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako mnoho jin\u00fdch v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch druh\u016f \u017eab po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b \u010del\u00ed Limnonectes larvaepartus hrozb\u00e1m pro sv\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Zm\u011bna klimatu, ni\u010den\u00ed biotop\u016f a nemoci p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro tyto oboj\u017eiveln\u00edky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy. Vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed dvou druh\u016f \u017eab zn\u00e1m\u00fdch t\u00edm, \u017ee polykaj\u00ed a zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed sv\u00e1 vaj\u00ed\u010dka ve sv\u00fdch \u017ealudc\u00edch, zd\u016fraz\u0148uje zranitelnost t\u011bchto jedine\u010dn\u00fdch tvor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a budouc\u00ed objevy<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Objev Limnonectes larvaepartus zd\u016fraz\u0148uje prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1hady a divy v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b. Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu k objasn\u011bn\u00ed slo\u017eitosti jeho reproduk\u010dn\u00ed biologie, jeho evolu\u010dn\u00ed historie a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed existence dal\u0161\u00edch \u017eivorod\u00fdch \u017eab na Sulawesi. Jak v\u011bdci budou i nad\u00e1le zkoumat rozmanitost \u017eivota na Zemi, m\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee odhal\u00edme je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch adaptac\u00ed a pozoruhodn\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed druh \u017e\u00e1by rod\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9 pulce Objev pozoruhodn\u00e9 oboj\u017eivelnice V rozmanit\u00e9m a fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f byl u\u010din\u011bn pozoruhodn\u00fd objev: \u017e\u00e1ba, kter\u00e1 se vymyk\u00e1 b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm norm\u00e1m rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee rod\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[395,5359,5360,5358,5357],"class_list":["post-2672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-biodiversity","tag-amphibian-discovery","tag-nature-exploration","tag-tadpole-frog","tag-live-birth"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2672","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2672"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2672\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2673,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2672\/revisions\/2673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}