Him\u00e1laje, majest\u00e1tn\u00ed poho\u0159\u00ed t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se ji\u017en\u00ed Asi\u00ed, \u010del\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 hrozb\u011b v podob\u011b klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Komplexn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va sestaven\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky za p\u011bt let vykresluje st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00fd obraz budoucnosti t\u011bchto ikonick\u00fdch vrchol\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Zpr\u00e1va p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1, \u017ee Him\u00e1laje ztrat\u00ed do konce stolet\u00ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b jednu t\u0159etinu sv\u00fdch ledovc\u016f, a to i pokud budou spln\u011bny ty nejambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edle v oblasti klimatu. V nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy budou glob\u00e1ln\u00ed emise nad\u00e1le stoupat a teploty vzrostou o 4 a\u017e 5 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia, by se ztr\u00e1ta him\u00e1lajsk\u00e9ho ledu mohla zdvojn\u00e1sobit a vz\u00edt s sebou ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed dv\u011b t\u0159etiny ledovc\u016f v regionu.<\/p>\n\n
Tato ztr\u00e1ta ledovc\u016f m\u00e1 pro region v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky. Him\u00e1laje jsou po severn\u00edm a ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lu t\u0159et\u00edm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00fdm z\u00e1sobn\u00edkem ledu. Tento led je zdrojem vody pro hlavn\u00ed \u0159eky, jako jsou Indus, Ganga a Brahmaputra, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed \u017eivobyt\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 1,65 miliardy lid\u00ed po proudu.<\/p>\n\n
Jak ledovce taj\u00ed, him\u00e1lajsk\u00fd region bude \u010delit st\u00e1le extr\u00e9mn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pov\u011btrnostn\u00edm ud\u00e1lostem, od povodn\u00ed a\u017e po sucha. V letech 2050 a\u017e 2060 se taj\u00edc\u00ed led bude st\u00e9kat do \u0159ek nap\u00e1jen\u00fdch Him\u00e1lajemi, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k z\u00e1plav\u00e1m komunit a zni\u010den\u00ed plodin. Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed v okol\u00ed t\u011bchto \u0159ek bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zasa\u017eeno obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 tvrd\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Teploty v Him\u00e1laji stoupaj\u00ed rychleji ne\u017e ve zbytku sv\u011bta kv\u016fli jevu zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu jako oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed teploty se zesiluj\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch, jako jsou Him\u00e1laje. V d\u016fsledku toho Him\u00e1laje za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed rychlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fabytek ledovc\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed dopady klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn.<\/p>\n\n
Ztr\u00e1ta ledovc\u016f a s n\u00ed spojen\u00e9 extr\u00e9mn\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti budou m\u00edt ni\u010div\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady na him\u00e1lajsk\u00fd region. Zem\u011bd\u011blci budou nuceni p\u0159esunout sv\u00e9 plodiny v\u00fd\u0161e do hor, aby na\u0161li chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky, ale to bude st\u00e1le obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee teploty budou nad\u00e1le stoupat.<\/p>\n\n
V Him\u00e1laji se tak\u00e9 st\u00e1vaj\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a vlny veder, co\u017e je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161uje probl\u00e9my m\u00edstn\u00edch komunit. Region je tak\u00e9 kriticky podhodnocen, co\u017e zt\u011b\u017euje pln\u00e9 pochopen\u00ed dopad\u016f zm\u011bny klimatu a v\u00fdvoj \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch adapta\u010dn\u00edch strategi\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Zpr\u00e1va zd\u016fraz\u0148uje nal\u00e9havou pot\u0159ebu jednat a chr\u00e1nit Him\u00e1laje p\u0159ed zm\u011bnou klimatu. I kdy\u017e jsou v\u00fdzvy zna\u010dn\u00e9, zpr\u00e1va tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee m\u00e1me dostatek znalost\u00ed, abychom mohli jednat.<\/p>\n\n
Pro minimalizaci ztr\u00e1ty ledovc\u016f a jej\u00edch dopad\u016f je nezbytn\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f a omezit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed na 1,5 stupn\u011b Celsia. Nezbytn\u00e1 jsou tak\u00e9 adapta\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, jako je zlep\u0161en\u00ed hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s vodou a v\u00fdvoj plodin odoln\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di suchu.<\/p>\n\n
Him\u00e1laje jsou \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho ekosyst\u00e9mu a hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v \u017eivotech milion\u016f lid\u00ed. Zm\u011bna klimatu p\u0159edstavuje pro tyto ikonick\u00e9 hory neb\u00fdvalou hrozbu a je t\u0159eba p\u0159ijmout nal\u00e9hav\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed k jejich ochran\u011b a ochran\u011b lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed na nich z\u00e1vis\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Devastuj\u00edc\u00ed dopady klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn na Himal\u00e1je Him\u00e1laje, majest\u00e1tn\u00ed poho\u0159\u00ed t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se ji\u017en\u00ed Asi\u00ed, \u010del\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 hrozb\u011b v podob\u011b klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Komplexn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va sestaven\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky za p\u011bt let…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[180,5450,5449,282,287,34],"class_list":["post-2734","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-science","tag-environmental-crisis","tag-himalayas","tag-glacier-loss","tag-water-resources","tag-agriculture","tag-climate-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2734","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2734"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2734\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2735,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2734\/revisions\/2735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2734"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2734"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2734"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}