{"id":2746,"date":"2024-06-08T22:17:29","date_gmt":"2024-06-08T22:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2746"},"modified":"2024-06-08T22:17:29","modified_gmt":"2024-06-08T22:17:29","slug":"jackie-mitchell-the-woman-who-struck-out-babe-ruth-and-lou-gehrig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/uncategorized\/jackie-mitchell-the-woman-who-struck-out-babe-ruth-and-lou-gehrig\/","title":{"rendered":"Jackie Mitchellov\u00e1: \u017dena, kter\u00e1 nav\u017edy zm\u011bnila baseball"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jackie Mitchellov\u00e1: \u017dena, kter\u00e1 vy\u0159adila Babe Rutha a Lou Gehriga<\/h2>\n\n

Historick\u00e1 perspektiva<\/h2>\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z nej\u00fa\u017easn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch baseballu je p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh Jackie Mitchellov\u00e9, sedmn\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 d\u00edvky, kter\u00e1 v roce 1931 vy\u0159adila dv\u011b z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch legend tohoto sportu: Babe Rutha a Lou Gehriga. Tento v\u00fdkon, k n\u011bmu\u017e do\u0161lo b\u011bhem exhibi\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1pasu mezi t\u00fdmy New York Yankees a Chattanooga Lookouts, ot\u0159\u00e1sl baseballov\u00fdm sv\u011btem a vyvolal debatu, kter\u00e1 pokra\u010duje dodnes: Vy\u0159adila Mitchellov\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u011b Rutha a Gehriga, nebo to byl jen reklamn\u00ed trik?<\/p>\n\n

Vzestup Jackie Mitchellov\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n

Mitchellov\u00e9 cesta na nadhazovac\u00ed kopec za\u010dala v jej\u00edm rodn\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Memphis ve st\u00e1t\u011b Tennessee, kde si zdokonalovala sv\u00e9 dovednosti pod veden\u00edm souseda a nadhazova\u010de ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ligy Charlese Arthura \u201eDazzyho\u201c Vanceho. Jej\u00ed v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd talent a nadhoz z boku p\u0159it\u00e1hly pozornost Joea Engela, prezidenta t\u00fdmu Chattanooga Lookouts, kter\u00fd s n\u00ed v roce 1931 podepsal smlouvu.<\/p>\n\n

Historick\u00fd z\u00e1pas<\/h2>\n\n
    \n
  1. dubna 1931 stanula Mitchellov\u00e1 na kopci, aby \u010delila mocn\u00e9mu t\u00fdmu Yankees. S Ruthm a Gehrigem u p\u00e1lky se v klidu rozb\u011bhla a p\u0159edvedla jim sv\u016fj typick\u00fd sinker. Ruth odp\u00e1lil do autu a bezmocn\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eel, jak jeho t\u0159et\u00ed strike prolet\u011bl kolem n\u011bj. Gehrig dopadl stejn\u011b a odp\u00e1lil t\u0159ikr\u00e1t po sob\u011b do autu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Kontroverze a debata<\/h2>\n\n

    Mitchellov\u00e9 strikeouty ot\u0159\u00e1sly baseballov\u00fdm sv\u011btem, ale vyvolaly tak\u00e9 kontroverze. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrdili, \u017ee Ruth a Gehrig se nechali \u00famysln\u011b vy\u0159adit, aby j\u00ed pomohli zv\u00fd\u0161it sebev\u011bdom\u00ed nebo aby podpo\u0159ili tento z\u00e1pas. Jin\u00ed nazna\u010dovali, \u017ee Mitchellov\u00e9 fastball nem\u011bl dostate\u010dnou rychlost na to, aby vy\u0159adil hr\u00e1\u010de hlavn\u00ed ligy.<\/p>\n\n

    Teorie a interpretace<\/h2>\n\n

    V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let historici a baseballov\u00ed experti zva\u017eovali legitimitu Mitchellov\u00e9 strikeout\u016f. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee Ruth a Gehrig mohli b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pl\u00e1nu na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed reklamn\u00edho triku, kter\u00fd by prosp\u011bl jak Lookouts, tak Yankees. Jin\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Mitchellov\u00e1 byla skute\u010dn\u011b nadan\u00e1 nadhazova\u010dka, kter\u00e1 Yankees zasko\u010dila sv\u00fdmi neobvykl\u00fdmi nadhozy a pevn\u00fdmi nervy.<\/p>\n\n

    Vliv na \u017eeny v baseballu<\/h2>\n\n

    Mitchellov\u00e9 strikeouty m\u011bly hlubok\u00fd vliv na \u017eeny v baseballu. Stala se symbolem \u017eensk\u00e9 sportovnosti a dok\u00e1zala, \u017ee \u017eeny mohou sout\u011b\u017eit s mu\u017ei, alespo\u0148 na baseballov\u00e9m h\u0159i\u0161ti. Jej\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch se v\u0161ak setkal s odporem ze strany baseballov\u00e9ho establishmentu, kter\u00fd tvrdil, \u017ee \u017eeny nejsou vhodn\u00e9 pro n\u00e1roky tohoto sportu.<\/p>\n\n

    Odkaz Jackie Mitchellov\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n

    P\u0159es kontroverze z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 odkaz Jackie Mitchellov\u00e9 inspirac\u00ed pro sportovkyn\u011b po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh otev\u0159el cestu dal\u0161\u00edm \u017eensk\u00fdm pr\u016fkopnic\u00edm v baseballu, v\u010detn\u011b Eleanor Engleov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 hr\u00e1la za t\u00fdm Harrisburg Senators v 50. letech 20. stolet\u00ed, a Ily Bordersov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 se v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ipojila k t\u00fdmu St. Paul Saints.<\/p>\n\n

    Budoucnost \u017een v baseballu<\/h2>\n\n

    \u017deny jsou dnes v profesion\u00e1ln\u00edm baseballu st\u00e1le nedostate\u010dn\u011b zastoupeny, ale v posledn\u00edch letech do\u0161lo k ur\u010dit\u00e9mu pokroku. Eri Yoshidov\u00e1, knuckleballerka z Japonska, tr\u00e9novala v roce 2010 s t\u00fdmem Boston Red Sox a Justine Siegalov\u00e1 se v roce 2011 stala prvn\u00ed \u017eenou, kter\u00e1 h\u00e1zela batting practice pro t\u00fdm hlavn\u00ed ligy. P\u0159esto\u017ee cesta k hlavn\u00edm lig\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro nadhazova\u010dky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, odkaz Jackie Mitchellov\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka, \u017ee s odhodl\u00e1n\u00edm a dovednostmi je mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u0161e.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Jackie Mitchellov\u00e1: \u017dena, kter\u00e1 vy\u0159adila Babe Rutha a Lou Gehriga Historick\u00e1 perspektiva Jedn\u00edm z nej\u00fa\u017easn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch baseballu je p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh Jackie Mitchellov\u00e9, sedmn\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 d\u00edvky, kter\u00e1 v roce 1931 vy\u0159adila…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23624,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[5467,1111,27,5466,5468,4882],"class_list":["post-2746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-babe-ruth","tag-baseball","tag-history","tag-jackie-mitchell","tag-lou-gehrig","tag-women-in-sports"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2747,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746\/revisions\/2747"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23624"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}