{"id":2760,"date":"2022-08-01T16:43:43","date_gmt":"2022-08-01T16:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2760"},"modified":"2022-08-01T16:43:43","modified_gmt":"2022-08-01T16:43:43","slug":"oldest-neolithic-seawall-climate-change-adaptation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/archaeology\/oldest-neolithic-seawall-climate-change-adaptation\/","title":{"rendered":"Starov\u011bk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z odhaluje pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed adaptaci v neolitu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Starov\u011bk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z odhaluje pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed adaptaci v neolitu<\/h2>\n\n

Objev nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze<\/h2>\n\n

Archeologov\u00e9 objevili zbytky 7 000 let star\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed severn\u00edho Izraele. Tento pozoruhodn\u00fd n\u00e1lez, publikovan\u00fd v \u010dasopise PLOS ONE, poskytuje d\u016fkaz o ran\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 adaptaci na stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed hladinu mo\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Hr\u00e1z, kter\u00e1 se t\u00e1hne p\u0159es 330 stop, byla postavena b\u011bhem neolitu, obdob\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch environment\u00e1ln\u00edch zm\u011bn. Jak ledovce t\u00e1ly a hladina mo\u0159\u00ed stoupala, pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed komunity \u010delily rostouc\u00edm hrozb\u00e1m z\u00e1plav a eroze.<\/p>\n\n

\u00da\u010del mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee mo\u0159sk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z v Tel Hreiz byla postavena na ochranu neolitick\u00e9ho s\u00eddla p\u0159ed postupuj\u00edc\u00edm St\u0159edozemn\u00edm mo\u0159em. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed hr\u00e1ze na z\u00e1padn\u00edm okraji vesnice, \u010delem k mo\u0159i, nazna\u010duje, \u017ee byla zam\u00fd\u0161lena jako pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed obrann\u00e1 stavba.<\/p>\n\n

Jin\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 interpretace, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 terasa nebo opevn\u011bn\u00e1 hradba, byly vylou\u010deny na z\u00e1klad\u011b bl\u00edzkosti hr\u00e1ze k pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed a nedostatku d\u016fkaz\u016f o obrann\u00fdch prvc\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n

Konstrukce a \u00fasil\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Mo\u0159sk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z byla postavena pomoc\u00ed velk\u00fdch balvan\u016f, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017eily p\u0159es tunu. P\u0159em\u00eds\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed a umis\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto balvan\u016f by vy\u017eadovalo zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed a spolupr\u00e1ci v r\u00e1mci komunity.<\/p>\n\n

Investice do t\u00e9to masivn\u00ed stavby dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u00fdznam, kter\u00fd obyvatel\u00e9 Tel Hreiz p\u0159ikl\u00e1dali ochran\u011b sv\u00e9ho s\u00eddla p\u0159ed stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed hladinou mo\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n

Environment\u00e1ln\u00ed kontext<\/h2>\n\n

B\u011bhem neolitu stoupalo St\u0159edozemn\u00ed mo\u0159e rychlost\u00ed asi 27 palc\u016f ka\u017ed\u00fdch 100 let, rychleji ne\u017e dne\u0161n\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst hladiny mo\u0159\u00ed. Tento rychl\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst hladiny mo\u0159\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zp\u016fsobil \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bou\u0159kov\u00e9 vlny, kter\u00e9 ohro\u017eovaly pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed vesnici.<\/p>\n\n

Mo\u0159sk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z byla d\u016fkazem d\u016fmyslnosti a p\u0159izp\u016fsobivosti neolitick\u00fdch lid\u00ed. \u010cel\u00edce environment\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m vyvinuli inovativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na ochranu sv\u00fdch domov\u016f a ob\u017eivy.<\/p>\n\n

Implikace pro dne\u0161ek<\/h2>\n\n

Objev mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze Tel Hreiz m\u00e1 d\u016fsledky pro na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed adaptace tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 klimatick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee hladina mo\u0159\u00ed v d\u016fsledku glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed nad\u00e1le stoup\u00e1, pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed komunity po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b \u010del\u00ed podobn\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee mo\u0159sk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z v Tel Hreiz nemusela b\u00fdt zcela \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 p\u0159i prevenci z\u00e1plav, dokazuje v\u00fdznam pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed obrany p\u0159i ochran\u011b zraniteln\u00fdch s\u00eddel.<\/p>\n\n

Ponau\u010den\u00ed z minulosti<\/h2>\n\n

Starov\u011bk\u00e1 mo\u0159sk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z v Tel Hreiz nab\u00edz\u00ed cenn\u00e9 lekce pro modern\u00ed pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed management. Studiem metod a materi\u00e1l\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch neolitick\u00fdmi komunitami m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat poznatky o udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch zp\u016fsobech ochrany na\u0161ich pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch m\u011bst a infrastruktury p\u0159ed dopady klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn.<\/p>\n\n

Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed pokra\u010dovat ve zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed lokality Tel Hreiz, aby shrom\u00e1\u017edili v\u00edce informac\u00ed o mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hr\u00e1zi a neolitick\u00e9m s\u00eddli\u0161ti, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1nila. Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 archeologick\u00e9 vykop\u00e1vky a dal\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdza environment\u00e1ln\u00edho kontextu lokality n\u00e1m pomohou l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt v\u00fdzv\u00e1m a adaptac\u00edm ran\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 environment\u00e1ln\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Starov\u011bk\u00e1 hr\u00e1z odhaluje pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed adaptaci v neolitu Objev nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze Archeologov\u00e9 objevili zbytky 7 000 let star\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed severn\u00edho Izraele. Tento pozoruhodn\u00fd n\u00e1lez, publikovan\u00fd v…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[88,5487,5484,151,5486,5485,748,34],"class_list":["post-2760","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-archaeology","tag-environmental-resilience","tag-seawall","tag-neolithic","tag-coastal-adaptation","tag-submerged","tag-mediterranean","tag-climate-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2760","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2760"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2760\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2761,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2760\/revisions\/2761"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}