{"id":2814,"date":"2021-09-26T19:31:53","date_gmt":"2021-09-26T19:31:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2814"},"modified":"2021-09-26T19:31:53","modified_gmt":"2021-09-26T19:31:53","slug":"walrus-haul-outs-arctic-sea-ice-loss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/climate-science\/walrus-haul-outs-arctic-sea-ice-loss\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdstupy mro\u017e\u016f: D\u011bsiv\u00fd d\u016fsledek ztr\u00e1ty mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdstupy mro\u017e\u016f: Stra\u0161liv\u00e9 d\u016fsledky ztr\u00e1ty mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Masov\u00e1 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Alja\u0161ky<\/h2>\n\n

V r\u00e1mci znepokojiv\u00e9ho trendu byly tis\u00edce mro\u017e\u016f op\u011bt donuceny j\u00edt na b\u0159eh na Alja\u0161ce a hledat \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b na pl\u00e1\u017e\u00edch kv\u016fli nedostatku mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu pro odpo\u010dinek. Tento jev, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako \u201ev\u00fdstup\u201c, se v posledn\u00edch letech stal st\u00e1le b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm, proto\u017ee mo\u0159sk\u00fd led v Arktid\u011b neust\u00e1le ub\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Dopad ztr\u00e1ty mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu<\/h2>\n\n

Mro\u017ei spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na mo\u0159sk\u00fd led jako na plo\u0161inu pro odpo\u010dinek, kojen\u00ed ml\u00e1\u010fat a \u00fanik p\u0159ed pred\u00e1tory. Ztr\u00e1ta mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v d\u016fsledku zm\u011bny klimatu je v\u0161ak p\u0159ipravila o vhodn\u00e1 m\u00edsta k odpo\u010dinku. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee jsou nuceni ve velk\u00e9m po\u010dtu vyl\u00e9zt na b\u0159eh, co\u017e \u010dasto vede k p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00fdm a stresuj\u00edc\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a riziko paniky<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky b\u011bhem v\u00fdstup\u016f mohou v\u00e9st k riziku paniky, zejm\u00e9na pokud jsou zv\u00ed\u0159ata vyd\u011b\u0161ena lidmi nebo letadly. Minul\u00fd rok zem\u0159elo p\u0159i podobn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti kolem 60 ml\u00e1\u010fat mro\u017e\u016f v panice. Aby se toto riziko zm\u00edrnilo, doporu\u010duje se pilot\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm lidsk\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m, aby se od zv\u00ed\u0159at dr\u017eeli v bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/p>\n\n

Citlivost na hluk a letadla<\/h2>\n\n

Mro\u017ei jsou velmi citliv\u00ed na hluk a ru\u0161en\u00ed letadly. Hluk motoru a n\u00edzko let\u00edc\u00ed letadla mohou vyvolat paniku, zejm\u00e9na kdy\u017e jsou zv\u00ed\u0159ata nama\u010dkan\u00e1 pohromad\u011b. Aby se mro\u017ei b\u011bhem v\u00fdstup\u016f ochr\u00e1nili, doporu\u010duje se letadl\u016fm, aby se vyh\u00fdbala p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu letu nad shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00edmi nebo v jejich bl\u00edzkosti.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dabytek mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Mo\u0159sk\u00fd led v Arktid\u011b v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch neust\u00e1le ub\u00fdv\u00e1 a v zim\u011b 2022 dos\u00e1hl rekordn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9ho maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho rozsahu. V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee Arktida by mohla b\u00fdt v letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch zcela bez ledu do roku 2030, co\u017e by m\u011blo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed d\u016fsledky pro voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata a p\u016fvodn\u00ed komunity, kter\u00e9 jsou na ledu z\u00e1visl\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Dopady na voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata<\/h2>\n\n

Ztr\u00e1ta mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b ovliv\u0148uje nejen mro\u017ee, ale tak\u00e9 celou \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou pro sv\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed na ledu z\u00e1visl\u00ed. Ledn\u00ed medv\u011bdi, tuleni a mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed pt\u00e1ci pat\u0159\u00ed mezi mnoho druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na mo\u0159sk\u00fd led pro lov, odpo\u010dinek a rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Dopady na p\u016fvodn\u00ed komunity<\/h2>\n\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed komunity v Arktid\u011b tradi\u010dn\u011b spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na mo\u0159sk\u00fd led pro lov, rybolov a dopravu. Ztr\u00e1ta mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu naru\u0161uje tyto tradi\u010dn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby ob\u017eivy a kulturn\u00ed praktiky a nut\u00ed komunity p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se nov\u00fdm a n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n

Zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed a p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu v\u00fdstup\u016f mro\u017e\u016f a \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch dopad\u016f ztr\u00e1ty mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b vy\u017eaduje mnohostrann\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Strategie zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zpomalen\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed biotop\u016f mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu. Strategie p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed, jako je komunitn\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, jsou tak\u00e9 nezbytn\u00e9, aby pomohly voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edm \u017eivo\u010dich\u016fm a p\u016fvodn\u00edm komunit\u00e1m vyrovnat se se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se arktickou krajinou.<\/p>\n\n

Pochopen\u00edm p\u0159\u00ed\u010din a n\u00e1sledk\u016f v\u00fdstup\u016f mro\u017e\u016f a \u00fabytku mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme pracovat na zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f a ochran\u011b voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f i lidsk\u00fdch komunit v tomto zraniteln\u00e9m regionu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdstupy mro\u017e\u016f: Stra\u0161liv\u00e9 d\u016fsledky ztr\u00e1ty mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b Masov\u00e1 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Alja\u0161ky V r\u00e1mci znepokojiv\u00e9ho trendu byly tis\u00edce mro\u017e\u016f op\u011bt donuceny j\u00edt na b\u0159eh na Alja\u0161ce a hledat…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[1354,254,5567,5566,401,34],"class_list":["post-2814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-science","tag-arctic","tag-wildlife","tag-sea-ice","tag-walrus","tag-conservation","tag-climate-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2814"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2815,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814\/revisions\/2815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}