Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok na Kentucky Derby napln\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 melodie \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c vzduch. Jej\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00fdznam se v\u0161ak se ztratil v \u010dase. Stephen Foster, skladatel p\u00edsn\u011b, ji napsal v 50. letech 19. stolet\u00ed jako protiotrok\u00e1\u0159skou hymnu, inspirovanou knihou Harriet Beecher Stoweov\u00e9 \u201eChaloupka str\u00fd\u010dka Toma\u201c.<\/p>\n\n
P\u00edse\u0148 l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed bolest zotro\u010den\u00e9 rodiny, kter\u00e1 byla roztr\u017eena. \u00davodn\u00ed sc\u00e9na odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed rom\u00e1n Stoweov\u00e9, ve kter\u00e9m obchodn\u00edk s otroky tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dern\u00ed lid\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 emoce jako b\u011blo\u0161i. \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c zpochyb\u0148uje toto rasistick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje lidskost a \u00fazk\u00e9 rodinn\u00e9 vazby otrok\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Ve 20. stolet\u00ed se \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c stala popul\u00e1rn\u00ed mezi b\u00edl\u00fdm publikem na minstrel show. Nejsmutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed texty, kter\u00e9 hovo\u0159ily o odlou\u010den\u00ed a prodeji, byly \u010dasto vynech\u00e1v\u00e1ny. M\u00edsto toho se publikum zam\u011b\u0159ilo na prvn\u00ed sloku a refr\u00e9n p\u00edsn\u011b, kter\u00e9 l\u00ed\u010dily \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd domov na plant\u00e1\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n
P\u00edse\u0148 se stala hymnou turismu v Kentucky, ale jej\u00ed protiotrok\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00fdznam byl zast\u0159en. V roce 1916 se NAACP poda\u0159ilo zak\u00e1zat ji ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch kv\u016fli jej\u00edm \u201eplant\u00e1\u017en\u00edm melodi\u00edm\u201c. V roce 1928 ji z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fd sbor Kentucky p\u0159ijal jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u00edse\u0148, navzdory jej\u00edm kontroverzn\u00edm text\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n
P\u016fvodn\u00ed texty Fostera obsahovaly rasistickou nad\u00e1vku, kterou by dnes nikdo nepou\u017e\u00edval. Jak rostla popularita p\u00edsn\u011b, rostly i n\u00e1mitky proti jej\u00edmu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. V roce 1986 schv\u00e1lila Sn\u011bmovna reprezentant\u016f Kentucky rezoluci, kter\u00e1 tuto nad\u00e1vku odstranila.<\/p>\n\n
Nicm\u00e9n\u011b rasov\u00e9 konotace p\u00edsn\u011b z\u016fstaly. \u010clenov\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 komunity v Louisville vyzvali k jej\u00edmu zru\u0161en\u00ed a pouk\u00e1zali na jej\u00ed spojen\u00ed s otrok\u00e1\u0159skou minulost\u00ed Kentucky a ned\u00e1vn\u00fdm policejn\u00edm zabit\u00edm Breonny Taylorov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n
Navzdory sv\u00e9 kontroverzn\u00ed historii se \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c nad\u00e1le hraje na akc\u00edch v Kentucky, ale s upraven\u00fdmi texty, kter\u00e9 odstra\u0148uj\u00ed rasistickou nad\u00e1vku. P\u0159esto byl p\u016fvodn\u00ed protiotrok\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd z\u00e1m\u011br p\u00edsn\u011b ji\u017e z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zapomenut.<\/p>\n\n
Stephen Foster byl prvn\u00edm profesion\u00e1ln\u00edm skladatelem v Americe. Jeho hudba spojovala prvky minstrelstv\u00ed a sal\u00f3nn\u00edch p\u00edsn\u00ed a vytvo\u0159ila tak jedine\u010dn\u00fd americk\u00fd styl. P\u00edsn\u011b jako \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c a \u201eOh! Susanna\u201c pomohly utv\u00e1\u0159et zvuk americk\u00e9 popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby.<\/p>\n\n
Fosterova hudba tak\u00e9 hr\u00e1la roli v propagaci kulturn\u00edch (chybn\u00fdch) p\u0159ivlastn\u011bn\u00ed. L\u00ed\u010dil \u010dernochy jako skute\u010dn\u00e9, trp\u00edc\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 bytosti, ale jeho p\u00edsn\u011b \u010dasto upev\u0148ovaly stereotypy, kter\u00e9 byly pozd\u011bji pou\u017eity v rasistick\u00fdch karikatur\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n
Debata o \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed boj o sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed minulosti se sou\u010dasnost\u00ed. P\u016fvodn\u00ed protiotrok\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 poselstv\u00ed p\u00edsn\u011b je p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou hr\u016fz otroctv\u00ed, ale jej\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed jako symbolu d\u011bdictv\u00ed Kentucky zt\u011b\u017euje pln\u00e9 uzn\u00e1n\u00ed jej\u00ed problematick\u00e9 historie.<\/p>\n\n
Proto\u017ee se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nad\u00e1le pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed se svou rasistickou minulost\u00ed, debata o \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pokra\u010dovat. Je to p\u0159ipom\u00ednka, \u017ee i ty nejmilovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u00edsn\u011b mohou n\u00e9st komplikovan\u00fd odkaz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Komplikovan\u00fd odkaz p\u00edsn\u011b \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c Protiotrok\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 ko\u0159eny hymny Kentucky Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok na Kentucky Derby napln\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 melodie \u201eMy Old Kentucky Home\u201c vzduch. Jej\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00fdznam se v\u0161ak se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":24057,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[327],"tags":[5508,378,5623,5624,5625],"class_list":["post-2847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-music","tag-anti-slavery","tag-music-history","tag-kentucky-derby","tag-racial-legacy","tag-stephen-foster"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2847"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2848,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2847\/revisions\/2848"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}