Podzimn\u00ed festival Takayama, zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako Hachiman Macuri, je stalet\u00fd festival, kter\u00fd se kon\u00e1 dvakr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b ve vesnici Takayama v japonsk\u00fdch Alp\u00e1ch. Festival je proslul\u00fd sv\u00fdmi 23 propracovan\u00fdmi d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdmi vozy, neboli jataji, kter\u00e9 jsou zdobeny zlatem, lakem a slo\u017eit\u00fdmi \u0159ezbami.<\/p>\n\n
Jataji poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z obdob\u00ed Edo v Japonsku (1603-1868), doby relativn\u00ed izolace od okoln\u00edho sv\u011bta. V tomto obdob\u00ed japon\u0161t\u00ed um\u011blci p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bli svou kreativitu a vynal\u00e9zavost a jataji jsou d\u016fkazem jejich v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9ho \u0159emesln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Jedine\u010dnou vlastnost\u00ed podzimn\u00edho festivalu Takayama je p\u0159\u00edtomnost karakuri ningj\u00f3, neboli mechanick\u00fdch loutek, na n\u011bkter\u00fdch jataj\u00edch. Tyto loutky ovl\u00e1da t\u00fdm loutk\u00e1\u0159\u016f skryt\u00fdch pod vozem, kte\u0159\u00ed je manipuluj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed neviditeln\u00fdch nit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Slovo “karakuri” ozna\u010duje mechanick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed navr\u017een\u00e9 tak, aby oklamalo, dr\u00e1\u017edilo nebo vzbuzovalo \u00fa\u017eas. Ningj\u00f3, neboli loutky, jsou vy\u0159ez\u00e1ny a malov\u00e1ny s velk\u00fdmi detaily a jejich pohyby jsou p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b realistick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n
Karakuri sehr\u00e1lo d\u016fle\u017eitou roli ve v\u00fdvoji japonsk\u00e9 technologie. V obdob\u00ed Edo se japon\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci a in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i dychtiv\u011b u\u010dili o z\u00e1padn\u00ed technologii a p\u0159izp\u016fsobovali ji sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n
Ran\u00e9 experimenty s hodinami a mechanizovan\u00fdmi loutkami vedly k pokroku ve fyzice a automatizaci. Zn\u00e1m\u00ed v\u00fdrobci karakuri, jako Tanaka Hisashige a Toyoda Sakichi, pozd\u011bji zalo\u017eili Toshibu a vyladili mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed linku Toyoty.<\/p>\n\n
Manipulace s karakuri ningj\u00f3 je komplexn\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e1 forma, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje roky praxe. Loutk\u00e1\u0159i se mus\u00ed nau\u010dit ovl\u00e1dat pohyby loutek s p\u0159esnost\u00ed pomoc\u00ed skryt\u00fdch nit\u00ed a pru\u017ein.<\/p>\n\n
Tv\u00e1\u0159e loutek jsou vy\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1ny a malov\u00e1ny tak, aby vyjad\u0159ovaly \u0159adu emoc\u00ed, od radosti po strach a smutek. Manipulac\u00ed s hlavami a kon\u010detinami loutek loutk\u00e1\u0159i tyto emoce o\u017eivuj\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky festivalu strhuj\u00edc\u00ed pod\u00edvanou.<\/p>\n\n
Podzimn\u00ed festival Takayama z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017eivou a obl\u00edbenou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 p\u0159itahuje n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Festival za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 9. \u0159\u00edjna a trv\u00e1 dva dny.<\/p>\n\n
B\u011bhem festivalu proj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed jataji \u00fazk\u00fdmi uli\u010dkami m\u011bsta v doprovodu magick\u00e9 fl\u00e9tnov\u00e9 a bubnov\u00e9 hudby. V noci jsou vozy osv\u011btleny stovkami z\u00e1\u0159\u00edc\u00edch pap\u00edrov\u00fdch luceren, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed kouzelnou atmosf\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n\n
Pokud festival prop\u00e1snete, karakuri ningj\u00f3 m\u016f\u017eete st\u00e1le za\u017e\u00edt v s\u00edni v\u00fdstav festivalov\u00fdch voz\u016f Takayama. V\u00fdstavn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0148 po cel\u00fd rok vystavuje rotuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br jataj\u016f, co\u017e n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje nahl\u00e9dnout do t\u011bchto slo\u017eit\u00fdch um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u011bl.<\/p>\n\n
Loutkov\u00e1 p\u0159edstaven\u00ed se tak\u00e9 pravideln\u011b konaj\u00ed v Shishi Kaikan, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed n\u011bkolik blok\u016f severn\u011b od \u0159eky Mijagawa. Tato p\u0159edstaven\u00ed nab\u00edzej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost sledovat dovednosti a um\u011bn\u00ed loutk\u00e1\u0159\u016f karakuri na vlastn\u00ed o\u010di.<\/p>\n\n
Podzimn\u00ed festival Takayama je v\u00edc ne\u017e jen oslavou kreativity a technologie. Je to hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e1 kulturn\u00ed tradice, kter\u00e1 sbli\u017euje komunitu a p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed Takayamy.<\/p>\n\n
Jataji a karakuri ningj\u00f3 jsou symboly japonsk\u00e9ho \u0159emesla, vynal\u00e9zavosti a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f. P\u0159edstavuj\u00ed trval\u00e9ho ducha lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed si po stalet\u00ed uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 tradice.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Podzimn\u00ed festival Takayama: Pr\u016fvod tradi\u010dn\u00edch japonsk\u00fdch loutek Historie a p\u016fvod Podzimn\u00ed festival Takayama, zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako Hachiman Macuri, je stalet\u00fd festival, kter\u00fd se kon\u00e1 dvakr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b ve vesnici Takayama v…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6050],"tags":[6049,6048,89,6046,2054,497,6047],"class_list":["post-3106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-puppetry","tag-japanese-puppetry","tag-karakuri-ningya","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-takayama-autumn-festival","tag-robotics","tag-technology","tag-yatai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3106"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3107,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3106\/revisions\/3107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}