{"id":3163,"date":"2019-09-29T12:11:53","date_gmt":"2019-09-29T12:11:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3163"},"modified":"2019-09-29T12:11:53","modified_gmt":"2019-09-29T12:11:53","slug":"avian-blushing-a-window-into-bird-communication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/animal-behavior\/avian-blushing-a-window-into-bird-communication\/","title":{"rendered":"Pta\u010d\u00ed rum\u011bnec: Okno do pta\u010d\u00ed komunikace"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pta\u010d\u00ed rum\u011bnec: Okno do pta\u010d\u00ed komunikace<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pta\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdrazy<\/h3>\n\n<p>Lid\u00e9 nejsou jedin\u00ed s v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi tv\u00e1\u0159emi. Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum odhalil, \u017ee ary modro\u017elut\u00e9 maj\u00ed jedine\u010dnou formu komunikace tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed: rum\u011bnec. Toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed, d\u0159\u00edve pozorovan\u00e9 u r\u016fzn\u00fdch pta\u010d\u00edch druh\u016f, zahrnuje zarudnut\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159e, \u010dasto doprov\u00e1zen\u00e9 na\u010dep\u00fd\u0159en\u00fdm pe\u0159\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed podn\u011bty<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee rum\u011bnec u ar\u016f je prim\u00e1rn\u011b spou\u0161t\u011bn soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi interakcemi. Kdy\u017e tito pt\u00e1ci interaguj\u00ed s lidmi nebo jin\u00fdmi ary, vykazuj\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 rum\u011bnce a na\u010dep\u00fd\u0159en\u00e9 pe\u0159\u00ed. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed hraje roli p\u0159i p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edch sign\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed emoc\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee rum\u011bnec ar\u016f m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit jako ukazatel pohody nebo emocion\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu. A\u010dkoli to nen\u00ed tak z\u0159ejm\u00e9 jako lidsk\u00fd \u00fasm\u011bv, je to p\u016fsobiv\u00e1 forma vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ary postr\u00e1daj\u00ed obli\u010dejov\u00e9 svaly, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kognitivn\u00ed komplexita<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ary jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 svou inteligenc\u00ed a kognitivn\u00edmi schopnostmi, kter\u00e9 jsou srovnateln\u00e9 se schopnostmi prim\u00e1t\u016f. To je \u010din\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zdatn\u00fdmi v ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed a reagov\u00e1n\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed podn\u011bty. Jejich chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i rum\u011bnci d\u00e1le demonstruje jejich schopnost emocion\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdrazu a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Environment\u00e1ln\u00ed faktory<\/h3>\n\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee studie o rum\u011bnci ar\u016f byla provedena v zajet\u00ed. V\u011bdci uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee podm\u00ednky ve voli\u00e9\u0159e se mohou li\u0161it od podm\u00ednek v p\u0159irozen\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed pt\u00e1k\u016f, co\u017e by mohlo potenci\u00e1ln\u011b ovlivnit jejich chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h3>\n\n<p>Studie o rum\u011bnci ar\u016f otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e k dal\u0161\u00edmu zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bdci se sna\u017e\u00ed prozkoumat rozsah, v jak\u00e9m ary vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed rum\u011bnec a dal\u0161\u00ed formy neverb\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace v r\u016fzn\u00fdch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch kontextech. Doufaj\u00ed tak\u00e9, \u017ee z\u00edskaj\u00ed poznatky o neuronov\u00fdch mechanismech, kter\u00e9 toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed psychologie<\/h3>\n\n<p>Psycholo\u017eka Irene Pepperbergov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 se specializuje na chov\u00e1n\u00ed papou\u0161k\u016f, zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost studia komunikace zv\u00ed\u0159at. V\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010delu a poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o kognitivn\u00edm a emocion\u00e1ln\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implikace<\/h3>\n\n<p>Objev rum\u011bnce u ar\u016f zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pozoruhodnou rozmanitost a komplexnost komunikace zv\u00ed\u0159at. Zpochyb\u0148uje na\u0161e tradi\u010dn\u00ed ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdraz\u016f tv\u00e1\u0159e a otev\u00edr\u00e1 nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pro studium emoc\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch interakc\u00ed v \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b rum\u011bnce vykazuj\u00ed ary tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed formy neverb\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Na\u010dep\u00fd\u0159en\u00e9 pe\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong> Toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010dasto pozorovan\u00e9 v souvislosti s rum\u011bncem, m\u016f\u017ee nazna\u010dovat vzru\u0161en\u00ed nebo neklid.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vokalizace:<\/strong> Ary pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed celou \u0159adu vokalizac\u00ed ke komunikaci mezi sebou, v\u010detn\u011b vol\u00e1n\u00ed, k\u0159iku a hv\u00edzd\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0158e\u010d t\u011bla:<\/strong> Postoj, pohyby k\u0159\u00eddel a poloha ocasu ar\u016f mohou sd\u011blovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Pochopen\u00edm t\u011bchto neverb\u00e1ln\u00edch sign\u00e1l\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me hlub\u0161\u00ed ocen\u011bn\u00ed pro bohat\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 tito fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed pt\u00e1ci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pta\u010d\u00ed rum\u011bnec: Okno do pta\u010d\u00ed komunikace Pta\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdrazy Lid\u00e9 nejsou jedin\u00ed s v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi tv\u00e1\u0159emi. Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum odhalil, \u017ee ary modro\u017elut\u00e9 maj\u00ed jedine\u010dnou formu komunikace tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed: rum\u011bnec. Toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed, d\u0159\u00edve pozorovan\u00e9&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[309,6147,1394,2097,6141,6142,6144,6145,6146,99,6143],"class_list":["post-3163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-animal-behavior","tag-emotional-expression","tag-animal-intelligence","tag-cognitive-abilities","tag-bird-communication","tag-macaws","tag-nonverbal-communication","tag-primate-like-intelligence","tag-social-interaction","tag-lifescienceart","tag-blushing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3163"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3164,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3163\/revisions\/3164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}