{"id":3275,"date":"2019-07-11T18:40:14","date_gmt":"2019-07-11T18:40:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3275"},"modified":"2019-07-11T18:40:14","modified_gmt":"2019-07-11T18:40:14","slug":"hiv-cure-stem-cell-transplant-breakthrough","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/medicine\/hiv-cure-stem-cell-transplant-breakthrough\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016flom v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b HIV: transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nad\u011bji na vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

HIV l\u00e9k pomoc\u00ed transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk: Pr\u016flom a jeho d\u016fsledky<\/h2>\n\n

Transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk: Slibn\u00fd l\u00e9k na HIV<\/h2>\n\n

V pr\u016flomov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji se 53let\u00fd mu\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako \u201epacient z D\u00fcsseldorfu\u201c stal t\u0159et\u00ed osobou, kter\u00e1 byla vyl\u00e9\u010dena z HIV pomoc\u00ed transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Tato l\u00e9\u010dba zahrnuje pou\u017eit\u00ed kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk s mutac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je \u010din\u00ed odoln\u00fdmi v\u016f\u010di HIV, k nahrazen\u00ed vlastn\u00edch bun\u011bk kostn\u00ed d\u0159en\u011b pacienta.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy<\/h2>\n\n

Pacient z D\u00fcsseldorfu se p\u0159ipojuje k dal\u0161\u00edm dv\u011bma jedinc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed byli vyl\u00e9\u010deni z HIV pomoc\u00ed transplantac\u00ed kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk: Timothy Ray Brown, \u201eberl\u00ednsk\u00fd pacient\u201c, a Adam Castillejo, \u201elond\u00fdnsk\u00fd pacient\u201c. Tyto p\u0159\u00edpady prok\u00e1zaly potenci\u00e1l tohoto l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n

Pacientova cesta z D\u00fcsseldorfu<\/h2>\n\n

Pacientovi z D\u00fcsseldorfu, kter\u00e9mu byl diagnostikov\u00e1n HIV v roce 2008 a leuk\u00e9mie v roce 2011, byla v roce 2013 provedena transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Darovn\u00e9 kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky nesly mutaci odolnou v\u016f\u010di HIV a po ukon\u010den\u00ed antiretrovirov\u00e9 terapie (ART) v roce 2018 je pacient bez HIV ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159i roky.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdzvy a omezen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk prok\u00e1zaly slibn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b HIV, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee tato l\u00e9\u010dba je vysoce rizikov\u00e1 a nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e1 pro v\u0161echny pacienty. Tento postup se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 u jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed HIV i rakovinu, a je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se stane \u0161iroce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm l\u00e9kem na HIV bez pokroku v bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n

Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci aktivn\u011b zkoumaj\u00ed alternativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy k dosa\u017een\u00ed l\u00e9ku na HIV. Jednou slibnou cestou je geneticky upravit vlastn\u00ed kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky osoby tak, aby m\u011bly mutaci odolnou v\u016f\u010di HIV, co\u017e eliminuje pot\u0159ebu transplantace od d\u00e1rce. Krom\u011b toho mohou poznatky z\u00edskan\u00e9 z p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, jako je pacient z D\u00fcsseldorfu, pomoci \u0159\u00eddit budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a zlep\u0161it l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 strategie.<\/p>\n\n

Zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed HIV: ART a prevence<\/h2>\n\n

Zat\u00edmco l\u00e9k na HIV z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch s virem st\u00e1le nedostupn\u00fd, antiretrovirov\u00e9 terapie (ART) zp\u016fsobily revoluci ve zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed HIV. ART potla\u010duje virus a br\u00e1n\u00ed mu zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a prodlu\u017euje d\u00e9lku \u017eivota. Preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, jako je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kondom\u016f, preexpozi\u010dn\u00ed profylaxe (PrEP) a postexpozi\u010dn\u00ed profylaxe (PEP), nad\u00e1le hraj\u00ed rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli ve sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159enosu HIV.<\/p>\n\n

Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dopad HIV<\/h2>\n\n

HIV z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 glob\u00e1ln\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem s p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 38,4 miliony lid\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch s virem po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto jedinc\u016f \u017eije v zem\u00edch s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi a st\u0159edn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy, kde m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edstup ke zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di a zdroj\u016fm omezen\u00fd. \u00dasil\u00ed o zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k ART, preventivn\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m a v\u00fdzkumu je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee HIV na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Nad\u011bje pro budoucnost<\/h2>\n\n

Vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed pacienta z D\u00fcsseldorfu a prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum l\u00e9\u010dby HIV d\u00e1vaj\u00ed nad\u011bji na budoucnost, kde u\u017e HIV nebude \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed stav. Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm investic do v\u00fdzkumu a zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupu ke zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di se m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit k eradikaci HIV a jeho ni\u010div\u00e9mu dopadu na jednotlivce a komunity po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

HIV l\u00e9k pomoc\u00ed transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk: Pr\u016flom a jeho d\u016fsledky Transplantace kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk: Slibn\u00fd l\u00e9k na HIV V pr\u016flomov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji se 53let\u00fd mu\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako \u201epacient z D\u00fcsseldorfu\u201c stal t\u0159et\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[359],"tags":[6335,6333,3370,6334],"class_list":["post-3275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medicine","tag-hiv-treatment","tag-hiv-cure","tag-medical-breakthrough","tag-stem-cell-transplant"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3275"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3275\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3276,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3275\/revisions\/3276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}