{"id":3435,"date":"2021-06-13T15:35:27","date_gmt":"2021-06-13T15:35:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3435"},"modified":"2021-06-13T15:35:27","modified_gmt":"2021-06-13T15:35:27","slug":"can-your-political-beliefs-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/political-science\/can-your-political-beliefs-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Mohou se va\u0161e politick\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed zm\u011bnit?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mohou se zm\u011bnit va\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory?<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prom\u011bnlivost mor\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1sad<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee na\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak vytesan\u00e9 do kamene, jak si mysl\u00edme. Studie proveden\u00e1 \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fdmi v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky zjistila, \u017ee reakce lid\u00ed na mor\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky se mohou dramaticky zm\u011bnit, kdy\u017e jim je p\u0159edlo\u017een opa\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1zor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Studie<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci studie byli po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1ni, aby vyplnili dotazn\u00edk o mor\u00e1ln\u00edch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch, jako je vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dohled a p\u0159ist\u011bhovalectv\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 p\u0159e\u0161li na druhou str\u00e1nku pr\u016fzkumu, kter\u00e1 obsahovala stejn\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ale s opa\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1zorem.<\/p>\n\n<p>P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b si t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 70 % \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f neuv\u011bdomilo, \u017ee se prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed zm\u011bnila. Je\u0161t\u011b \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00edj\u0161\u00ed bylo, \u017ee v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 % \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159edlo\u017eilo argumenty ve prosp\u011bch opa\u010dn\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru, kter\u00e9mu se pr\u00e1v\u011b postavili.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implikace<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tato studie nazna\u010duje, \u017ee na\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory mohou b\u00fdt flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e si uv\u011bdomujeme. Nemus\u00edme b\u00fdt tak zam\u010deni ve sv\u00fdch n\u00e1zorech, jak bychom si cht\u011bli myslet.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopln\u011bk Balancer<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pokud chcete zjistit, jak flexibiln\u00ed jsou va\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory, m\u016f\u017eete si st\u00e1hnout dopln\u011bk s n\u00e1zvem The Balancer. Tento dopln\u011bk sleduje va\u0161e online n\u00e1vyky p\u0159i \u010dten\u00ed a vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 va\u0161i politickou zaujatost.<\/p>\n\n<p>Balancer v\u00e1m uk\u00e1\u017ee, jak nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 je va\u0161e spot\u0159eba zpr\u00e1v. Navrhne tak\u00e9 webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete nav\u0161t\u00edvit, pokud chcete roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it sv\u016fj pohled.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, kter\u00e9 utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory<\/h2>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b na\u0161ich vlastn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed a p\u0159edsudk\u016f existuje \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou utv\u00e1\u0159et na\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia:<\/strong> Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b n\u00e1s mohou vystavit \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1le politick\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f. Mohou v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st k ozv\u011bn\u00e1m, kde jsme vystaveni pouze n\u00e1zor\u016fm, kter\u00e9 posiluj\u00ed na\u0161e vlastn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Genetika:<\/strong> Studie dvoj\u010dat uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee genetika m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit n\u00e1\u0161 postoj k ur\u010dit\u00fdm ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m, jako je potrat a trest smrti.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stranick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost:<\/strong> V posledn\u00edch letech nahradila v americk\u00e9 politice \u201epropast n\u00e1zor\u016f\u201c \u201epropast ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee na\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory jsou nyn\u00ed \u00fa\u017eeji slad\u011bny s na\u0161\u00ed stranickou p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost\u00ed ne\u017e s na\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Komedi\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u0159ady v pozdn\u00edch ve\u010dern\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch:<\/strong> Komedi\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u0159ady v pozdn\u00edch ve\u010dern\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch mohou ve skute\u010dnosti vyvolat politick\u00e9 diskuse mezi p\u0159\u00e1teli. To m\u016f\u017ee pomoci odbourat stranick\u00e9 bari\u00e9ry a podpo\u0159it porozum\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fenom\u00e9n nerozhodnut\u00e9ho voli\u010de<\/h2>\n\n<p>V ka\u017ed\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch je mal\u00e9 procento voli\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nerozhodnuti a\u017e do \u00fapln\u00e9ho konce. Tito voli\u010di jsou \u010dasto oslovov\u00e1ni ob\u011bma hlavn\u00edmi stranami.<\/p>\n\n<p>K nerozhodnosti voli\u010d\u016f m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159isp\u011bt \u0159ada faktor\u016f, mimo jin\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nedostatek informac\u00ed:<\/strong> Nerozhodn\u00ed voli\u010di nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt dob\u0159e informov\u00e1ni o kandid\u00e1tech nebo probl\u00e9mech.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zk\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 tlaky:<\/strong> Nerozhodn\u00ed voli\u010di mohou poci\u0165ovat tlak ze strany p\u0159\u00e1tel, rodiny nebo koleg\u016f, aby podpo\u0159ili ur\u010dit\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Negativn\u00ed kampa\u0148:<\/strong> Negativn\u00ed kampa\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee odradit nerozhodn\u00e9 voli\u010de a sn\u00ed\u017eit pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee budou volit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vliv politick\u00e9 reklamy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Politick\u00e1 reklama je v americk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch v\u00fdznamnou silou. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m volebn\u00edm cyklu se na televizn\u00ed, rozhlasov\u00e9 a online reklamy utr\u00e1cej\u00ed miliony dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>Politick\u00e1 reklama m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv na vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed kandid\u00e1t\u016f a probl\u00e9m\u016f voli\u010di. M\u016f\u017ee v\u0161ak b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed nebo klamav\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00edl\u00fd proud kampan\u011b<\/h2>\n\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 t\u00fddny prezidentsk\u00e9 volebn\u00ed kampan\u011b se \u010dasto ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako \u201eb\u00edl\u00fd proud kampan\u011b\u201c. Je to doba, kdy jak\u00e9koli zakol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1vod obr\u00e1tit vzh\u016fru nohama.<\/p>\n\n<p>B\u00edl\u00fd proud kampan\u011b je dobou intenzivn\u00ed kontroly a tlaku. Kandid\u00e1ti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt opatrn\u00ed, aby neud\u011blali chyby, kter\u00e9 by je mohly st\u00e1t volby.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Debatov\u00e1n\u00ed v televizi: d\u0159\u00edve a nyn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Prezidentsk\u00e9 debaty jsou ji\u017e desetilet\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edm prvkem americk\u00e9 politiky. Debaty se v\u0161ak v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let v\u00fdrazn\u011b zm\u011bnily.<\/p>\n\n<p>V minulosti se debaty zam\u011b\u0159ovaly v\u00edce na obsah a politiku. Dnes se debaty \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed v\u00edce na osobnost a styl.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kennedy After Dark: ve\u010de\u0159e o politice a moci<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1962 uspo\u0159\u00e1dal prezident John F. Kennedy ve\u010de\u0159i pro skupinu intelektu\u00e1l\u016f a novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Ve\u010de\u0159e m\u011bla b\u00fdt up\u0159\u00edmnou diskus\u00ed o v\u00fdzv\u00e1ch, kter\u00fdm zem\u011b \u010del\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ve\u010de\u0159e byla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 a pomohla p\u011bstovat lep\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed mezi Kennedym a intelektu\u00e1ly.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mohou se zm\u011bnit va\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory? Prom\u011bnlivost mor\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1sad Nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee na\u0161e politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak vytesan\u00e9 do kamene, jak si mysl\u00edme. Studie proveden\u00e1 \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fdmi v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky zjistila,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6568],"tags":[1219,1579,6567,99,6566],"class_list":["post-3435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-political-science","tag-cognitive-psychology","tag-neuroscience","tag-political-science","tag-lifescienceart","tag-mutability"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3435"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3436,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3435\/revisions\/3436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}