{"id":3489,"date":"2020-02-05T04:40:01","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T04:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3489"},"modified":"2020-02-05T04:40:01","modified_gmt":"2020-02-05T04:40:01","slug":"saving-threatened-species-without-human-benefits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/life-science\/saving-threatened-species-without-human-benefits\/","title":{"rendered":"Ochrana ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed a prosperitu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam z\u00e1chrany ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed lidem u\u017eitek<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzva<\/h2>\n\n<p>Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b \u010del\u00ed nespo\u010det druh\u016f hrozb\u011b vyhynut\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy, jako jsou v\u010dely a velryby, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed lidem zjevn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, jin\u00e9 se mohou zd\u00e1t m\u00e9n\u011b cenn\u00e9. Nov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho svazu ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody (IUCN) v\u0161ak tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161echny druhy maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed bez ohledu na jejich vn\u00edmanou hodnotu pro lidi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etick\u00e9 dilema<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va s n\u00e1zvem \u201eBezcenn\u00e9 nebo neoceniteln\u00e9?\u201c zpochyb\u0148uje p\u0159edstavu, \u017ee druhy by m\u011bly b\u00fdt zachra\u0148ov\u00e1ny pouze tehdy, pokud p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 v\u00fdhody lidem. Auto\u0159i tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161echny druhy hraj\u00ed roli ve zdrav\u00e9m fungov\u00e1n\u00ed planety, i kdy\u017e jejich hodnota nen\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u011b z\u0159ejm\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201eJen proto, \u017ee zv\u00ed\u0159e neopyluje na\u0161e plodiny nebo neskon\u010d\u00ed na na\u0161ich tal\u00ed\u0159\u00edch, neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee nem\u00e1 pro lidstvo \u017e\u00e1dnou skrytou hodnotu,\u201c \u0159ekl Simon Stuart, p\u0159edseda Komise pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed druh\u016f IUCN.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam biodiverzity<\/h2>\n\n<p>Biodiverzita neboli rozmanitost \u017eivota na Zemi je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zdrav\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed planety. Ka\u017ed\u00fd druh, bez ohledu na to, jak mal\u00fd nebo zd\u00e1nliv\u011b bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fd je, p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke slo\u017eit\u00e9 s\u00edti \u017eivota, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s udr\u017euje. Nap\u0159\u00edklad hmyz nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edmo prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd pro lidi, ale hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v opylov\u00e1n\u00ed rostlin a regulaci \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e9 studie \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch snah<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va zd\u016fraz\u0148uje n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00fdch studi\u00ed druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b zachr\u00e1n\u011bny p\u0159ed pokrajem vyhynut\u00ed, p\u0159esto\u017ee nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed lidem zjevn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody. Nap\u0159\u00edklad k\u016f\u0148 P\u0159evalsk\u00e9ho, divok\u00fd k\u016f\u0148 p\u016fvodem ze st\u0159edn\u00ed Asie, byl kdysi pova\u017eov\u00e1n za vyhynul\u00e9ho. D\u00edky chovu v zajet\u00ed a \u00fasil\u00ed o jeho op\u011btovn\u00e9 vysazen\u00ed do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody byl v\u0161ak tento druh zachr\u00e1n\u011bn p\u0159ed pokrajem vyhynut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem je keporkak. Keporkak, kter\u00fd byl kdysi loven t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 k vyhuben\u00ed, se d\u00edky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 snaze pozoruhodn\u011b zotavil. Tyto p\u0159\u00edklady ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee i druhy, kter\u00e9 nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed lidem p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd u\u017eitek, mohou b\u00fdt zachr\u00e1n\u011bny, pokud lid\u00e9 jednaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hrozby pro ohro\u017een\u00e9 druhy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va rovn\u011b\u017e identifikuje hlavn\u00ed hrozby, kter\u00fdm ohro\u017een\u00e9 druhy \u010del\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, lovu a pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed. Ztr\u00e1ta p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m, proto\u017ee ni\u010d\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 domovy druh\u016f a zt\u011b\u017euje jim p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Lov a pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed jsou tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi hrozbami, zejm\u00e9na pro druhy s hodnotn\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi t\u011bla, jako jsou sloni a nosoro\u017eci. Obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s neleg\u00e1ln\u00edmi voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty je pr\u016fmyslem v hodnot\u011b miliard dolar\u016f, kter\u00fd mnoho druh\u016f dov\u00e1d\u00ed na pokraj vyhynut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va doporu\u010duje \u0159adu ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed k ochran\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ochrana a obnova p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u016f proti pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti o v\u00fdznamu biodiverzity<\/li>\n<li>Podpora program\u016f chovu v zajet\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role ve\u0159ejnosti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ve\u0159ejnost m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v ochran\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Podpora ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch organizac\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spot\u0159eby produkt\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed nebo obchodu s neleg\u00e1ln\u00edmi voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty<\/li>\n<li>Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed sebe a ostatn\u00edch o v\u00fdznamu biodiverzity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u0161echny druhy, bez ohledu na jejich vn\u00edmanou hodnotu pro lidi, maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Ochranou ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f nejen chr\u00e1n\u00edme kr\u00e1su a rozmanitost na\u0161\u00ed planety, ale zaji\u0161\u0165ujeme tak\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a pohodu budouc\u00edch generac\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00fdznam z\u00e1chrany ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed lidem u\u017eitek V\u00fdzva Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b \u010del\u00ed nespo\u010det druh\u016f hrozb\u011b vyhynut\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy, jako jsou v\u010dely a velryby, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed lidem zjevn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, jin\u00e9&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[398],"tags":[395,254,219,401,267,404,6661,252,97,342],"class_list":["post-3489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-life-science","tag-biodiversity","tag-wildlife","tag-ecology","tag-conservation","tag-environmentalism","tag-endangered-species","tag-threatened-species","tag-nature","tag-science","tag-life-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3489"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3490,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3489\/revisions\/3490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}