{"id":3570,"date":"2023-09-03T15:04:46","date_gmt":"2023-09-03T15:04:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3570"},"modified":"2023-09-03T15:04:46","modified_gmt":"2023-09-03T15:04:46","slug":"tintin-dark-roots-propaganda-collaboration-nazi-occupation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/comics\/tintin-dark-roots-propaganda-collaboration-nazi-occupation\/","title":{"rendered":"Temn\u00e9 ko\u0159eny Tintina: Propaganda a spolupr\u00e1ce za nacistick\u00e9 okupace"},"content":{"rendered":"

Temn\u00e9 ko\u0159eny Tintina: Propaganda a spolupr\u00e1ce za nacistick\u00e9 okupace<\/h2>\n\n

Herg\u00e9ho politick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost<\/h2>\n\n

Georges Prosper Remi, tv\u016frce Tintina, byl konzervativn\u00ed katol\u00edk, kter\u00fd sv\u00e1 prvn\u00ed d\u00edla publikoval v novin\u00e1ch Le Vingti\u00e8me Si\u00e8cle, co\u017e byl pro-autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd den\u00edk. Jak 30. l\u00e9ta postupovala, Herg\u00e9ho politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory se st\u00e1aly extr\u00e9mn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi a on otev\u0159en\u011b podporoval fa\u0161istickou ideologii.<\/p>\n\n

Spolupr\u00e1ce s nacisty<\/h2>\n\n

Kdy\u017e nacistick\u00e9 N\u011bmecko v roce 1940 napadlo Belgii, mnoho novin bylo rad\u011bji zru\u0161eno, ne\u017e aby spolupracovaly s okupanty. Herg\u00e9 se v\u0161ak rozhodl pokra\u010dovat v publikov\u00e1n\u00ed Tintina v novin\u00e1ch Le Soir, co\u017e byl francouzsky psan\u00fd den\u00edk, kter\u00fd nad\u00e1le vych\u00e1zel pod nacistickou kontrolou. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed bylo \u0161iroce kritizov\u00e1no jako kolaborace s nep\u0159\u00edtelem.<\/p>\n\n

Antisemitismus v Tintinovi<\/h2>\n\n

B\u011bhem nacistick\u00e9 okupace Herg\u00e9 publikoval n\u011bkolik Tintinov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f, kter\u00e9 obsahovaly antisemitsk\u00e9 obrazy a t\u00e9mata. V jednom p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu s n\u00e1zvem \u201ePadaj\u00edc\u00ed hv\u011bzda\u201c byl z\u00e1por\u00e1k chamtiv\u00fd, nosat\u00fd \u017eidovsko-americk\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00edk jm\u00e9nem Blumenstein. Herg\u00e9 se pozd\u011bji za tato vyobrazen\u00ed omluvil s t\u00edm, \u017ee to byl \u201etehdej\u0161\u00ed styl\u201c.<\/p>\n\n

Rasov\u00e9 karikatury<\/h2>\n\n

Krom\u011b antisemitsk\u00fdch obraz\u016f obsahovaly Herg\u00e9ho Tintinovy p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy tak\u00e9 rasistick\u00e9 karikatury dal\u0161\u00edch skupin, jako byli Afri\u010dan\u00e9 a Asiat\u00e9. Tyto karikatury nem\u011bly v p\u0159\u00edb\u011bz\u00edch \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010del a zjevn\u011b m\u011bly za c\u00edl zal\u00edbit se Herg\u00e9ho nacistick\u00fdm p\u00e1n\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n

Pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd revizionismus<\/h2>\n\n

Po v\u00e1lce Herg\u00e9 revidoval mnoho sv\u00fdch ran\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f, aby z nich odstranil nebo zm\u00edrnil ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fd obsah. Pam\u011b\u0165 na tyto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy v\u0161ak z\u016fstala a Herg\u00e9ho pov\u011bst byla po\u0161ramocena jeho kolaborac\u00ed s nacisty.<\/p>\n\n

Etick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky<\/h2>\n\n

Herg\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed publikovat v kolaborantsk\u00fdch novin\u00e1ch vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 etick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o \u00faloze um\u011blc\u016f v dob\u00e1ch v\u00e1lky a \u00fatlaku. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee um\u011blci maj\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost odporovat propagand\u011b a cenzu\u0159e, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee by m\u011bli m\u00edt svobodu vyjad\u0159ovat sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zory, i kdy\u017e jsou tyto n\u00e1zory nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed nebo ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Dopad na Tintinovo d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory kontroverz\u00edm ohledn\u011b Herg\u00e9ho v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch aktivit z\u016fstal Tintin popul\u00e1rn\u00ed a milovanou postavou. Odhalen\u00ed o Herg\u00e9ho spolupr\u00e1ci s nacisty v\u0161ak vrhlo st\u00edn na jeho d\u011bdictv\u00ed a jeho d\u00edlo je nyn\u00ed \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1no kritickou optikou.<\/p>\n\n

Slo\u017eitost cenzury a propagandy<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edpad Herg\u00e9ho a Tintina ukazuje slo\u017eitost cenzury a propagandy. P\u0159esto\u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 chr\u00e1nit svobodu projevu, je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomovat potenci\u00e1l um\u011blc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ni jako n\u00e1stroje propagandy. Ve\u0159ejnost by m\u011bla z\u016fstat ostra\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159i zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e9di\u00ed, kter\u00e1 konzumuje, a m\u011bla by vy\u017eadovat po um\u011blc\u00edch zodpov\u011bdnost za jejich \u010diny.<\/p>\n\n

Vliv fa\u0161ismu na evropskou kulturu<\/h2>\n\n

Herg\u00e9ho spolupr\u00e1ce s nacisty je p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou siln\u00e9ho vlivu, kter\u00fd m\u011bl fa\u0161ismus na evropskou kulturu ve 30. a 40. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. Fa\u0161ismus oslovil mnoho lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed byli roz\u010darov\u00e1ni demokraci\u00ed a kte\u0159\u00ed hledali pocit n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identity a \u00fa\u010delu. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit faktory, kter\u00e9 vedly ke vzestupu fa\u0161ismu, abychom zabr\u00e1nili tomu, aby se to stalo znovu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Temn\u00e9 ko\u0159eny Tintina: Propaganda a spolupr\u00e1ce za nacistick\u00e9 okupace Herg\u00e9ho politick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost Georges Prosper Remi, tv\u016frce Tintina, byl konzervativn\u00ed katol\u00edk, kter\u00fd sv\u00e1 prvn\u00ed d\u00edla publikoval v novin\u00e1ch Le Vingti\u00e8me Si\u00e8cle,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4178],"tags":[1841,11,1280,4177,1638,902,6759,4175],"class_list":["post-3570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comics","tag-anti-semitism","tag-censorship","tag-ethics","tag-herge","tag-nazi-propaganda","tag-racism","tag-collaboration","tag-tintin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3570","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3570"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3570\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3571,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3570\/revisions\/3571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}