{"id":3584,"date":"2021-08-23T13:34:52","date_gmt":"2021-08-23T13:34:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3584"},"modified":"2021-08-23T13:34:52","modified_gmt":"2021-08-23T13:34:52","slug":"fall-of-zahi-hawass-controversial-egyptian-archaeologist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/history\/fall-of-zahi-hawass-controversial-egyptian-archaeologist\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00e1d Zach\u00edho Hawaase: kontroverzn\u00ed postava egyptsk\u00e9 archeologie"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00e1d Zach\u00edho Hawaase: kontroverzn\u00ed osobnost egyptsk\u00e9 archeologie<\/h2>\n\n

Odvol\u00e1n\u00ed z ministerstva starov\u011bku<\/h2>\n\n

Zach\u00ed Hawass, v\u00fdznamn\u00fd archeolog, kter\u00fd vedl egyptsk\u00e9 starov\u011bk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 deset let, byl v \u010dervenci 2011 n\u00e1hle odvol\u00e1n ze sv\u00e9 pozice ministra starov\u011bku. Rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo v r\u00e1mci \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed reorganizace vl\u00e1dy zem\u011b po egyptsk\u00e9 revoluci.<\/p>\n\n

Obvin\u011bn\u00ed a protesty<\/h2>\n\n

Hawaosovo propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se setkalo se sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdmi reakcemi. P\u0159esto\u017ee byl mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b \u0161iroce respektov\u00e1n, v Egypt\u011b \u010delil rostouc\u00ed kritice. Mlad\u00ed archeologov\u00e9 a demonstranti ho obvinili z korupce, nekvalitn\u00ed v\u011bdy a \u00fazk\u00fdch vazeb na svr\u017een\u00e9ho prezidenta Husn\u00edho Mubaraka.<\/p>\n\n

Nora Shalabyov\u00e1, mlad\u00e1 egyptsk\u00e1 archeolo\u017eka, kter\u00e1 se aktivn\u011b \u00fa\u010dastnila revoluce, shrnula n\u00e1ladu proti Hawaasovi: “Byl to Mubarak starov\u011bku.”<\/p>\n\n

Do\u010dasn\u00e9 obnoven\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Po sv\u00e9m odvol\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fstal Hawaas\u016fv status n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed nejist\u00fd. Jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stupce, Abdela Fatty El Banny, bylo sta\u017eeno kv\u016fli protest\u016fm zam\u011bstnanc\u016f ministerstva, kte\u0159\u00ed zpochyb\u0148ovali El Bannovy archeologick\u00e9 pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Hawass potvrdil e-mailem, \u017ee byl obnoven ve funkci, ale nebylo jasn\u00e9, na jak dlouho.<\/p>\n\n

Mo\u017en\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b ministerstva starov\u011bku<\/h2>\n\n

Ministerstvo starov\u011bku, kter\u00e9 Mubarak vytvo\u0159il jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u00fasil\u00ed o z\u00e1chranu sv\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, by mohlo b\u00fdt sn\u00ed\u017eeno z agentury na \u00farovni kabinetu. Tato mo\u017enost vyvolala obavy mezi zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi archeology, kte\u0159\u00ed se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed o budoucnost egyptsk\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Sarah Parcakov\u00e1, egyptolo\u017eka z University of Alabama v Birminghamu, vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila sv\u00e9 obavy ohledn\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n

“Velmi m\u011b znepokojuj\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky,” \u0159ekla Parcakov\u00e1. “A tyto pam\u00e1tky jsou \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro egyptskou ekonomiku.”<\/p>\n\n

Hawaasova kontroverzn\u00ed kari\u00e9ra<\/h2>\n\n

Hawass se proslavil v 80. letech pot\u00e9, co z\u00edskal doktor\u00e1t z archeologie na University of Pennsylvania. Stal se hlavn\u00edm inspektorem starov\u011bku na plo\u0161in\u011b v G\u00edze, kde se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ikonick\u00e9 pyramidy. V roce 2002 byl jmenov\u00e1n vedouc\u00edm Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rady pro staro\u017eitnosti.<\/p>\n\n

B\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho p\u016fsoben\u00ed Hawass zaplnil titulky po\u017eadavkem na vr\u00e1cen\u00ed ikonick\u00fdch starov\u011bk\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek ze zahrani\u010dn\u00edch muze\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b Rosettsk\u00e9 desky z Britsk\u00e9ho muzea a busty Nefertiti z Neues Museum v Berl\u00edn\u011b. Rovn\u011b\u017e zprost\u0159edkoval p\u0159\u00edstup k egyptsk\u00fdm artefakt\u016fm pro zahrani\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdstavy, co\u017e egyptsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b p\u0159ineslo zna\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy.<\/p>\n\n

Hawass v\u0161ak \u010delil kritice tak\u00e9 za sv\u00e9 bezohledn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s artefakty p\u0159i sv\u00fdch televizn\u00edch vystoupen\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na v reality show “Chasing Mummies”. Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 zpochyb\u0148ovali tak\u00e9 transparentnost jeho finan\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s jeho kni\u017en\u00edmi turn\u00e9, p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kami a televizn\u00edmi vystoupen\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed a propagace cestovn\u00edho ruchu<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory kontroverz\u00edm z\u016fstal Hawass mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b respektovanou osobnost\u00ed. Sehr\u00e1l kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i propagaci cestovn\u00edho ruchu do Egypta a v \u010dervnu 2011 se vydal na turn\u00e9 do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, aby povzbudil zahrani\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky k n\u00e1vratu.<\/p>\n\n

Hawaas\u016fv odkaz a budoucnost egyptsk\u00e9 archeologie<\/h2>\n\n

Odvol\u00e1n\u00ed Zach\u00edho Hawaase znamenalo v\u00fdznamn\u00fd okam\u017eik v egyptsk\u00e9 archeologii. Jeho odkaz z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 slo\u017eit\u00fd, poznamenan\u00fd jak \u00fasp\u011bchy, tak kontroverzemi.<\/p>\n\n

Budoucnost egyptsk\u00e9 archeologie z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejist\u00e1, proto\u017ee zem\u011b se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s politick\u00fdmi a ekonomick\u00fdmi v\u00fdzvami. Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b ministerstva starov\u011bku a trval\u00e1 pot\u0159eba ochrany a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed archeologick\u00fdch nalezi\u0161\u0165 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed obavy ohledn\u011b zachov\u00e1n\u00ed bohat\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed Egypta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00e1d Zach\u00edho Hawaase: kontroverzn\u00ed osobnost egyptsk\u00e9 archeologie Odvol\u00e1n\u00ed z ministerstva starov\u011bku Zach\u00ed Hawass, v\u00fdznamn\u00fd archeolog, kter\u00fd vedl egyptsk\u00e9 starov\u011bk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 deset let, byl v \u010dervenci 2011 n\u00e1hle odvol\u00e1n ze…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[767],"tags":[88,4548,6787,6788,1643],"class_list":["post-3584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history","tag-archaeology","tag-egypt","tag-controversial-figures","tag-politics-and-culture","tag-ancient-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3584"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3585,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3584\/revisions\/3585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}