{"id":387,"date":"2022-11-21T14:20:47","date_gmt":"2022-11-21T14:20:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=387"},"modified":"2022-11-21T14:20:47","modified_gmt":"2022-11-21T14:20:47","slug":"elizabeth-van-lew-unlikely-union-spy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/uncategorized\/elizabeth-van-lew-unlikely-union-spy\/","title":{"rendered":"Elizabeth Van Lew: Ne\u010dekan\u00e1 \u0161pionka Unie"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elizabeth Van Lew: Ne\u010dekan\u00e1 \u0161pionka Unie<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ran\u00fd \u017eivot a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Elizabeth Van Lew se narodila do bohat\u00e9 rodiny v Richmondu ve Virginii v roce 1818. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskala na Severu, kde si vyp\u011bstovala siln\u00fd pocit vlastenectv\u00ed. P\u0159es sv\u00e9 vychov\u00e1n\u00ed byla Van Lew hlasitou odp\u016frkyn\u00ed otroctv\u00ed a odtr\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160pion\u00e1\u017e za ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e v roce 1861 vypukla ob\u010dansk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, vid\u011bla Van Lew p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost, jak pomoci Unii. P\u0159ihl\u00e1sila se jako dobrovolnice za zdravotn\u00ed sestru do v\u011bzen\u00ed Libby, kde byli dr\u017eeni v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00ed zajatci Unie. Navzdory hrozb\u00e1m a kritice vyu\u017eila Van Lew sv\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed ke shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00fdch informac\u00ed a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoci v\u011bz\u0148\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160\u00e9fka \u0161pion\u016f Unie<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1863 byla Van Lew rekrutov\u00e1na jako \u0161pionka unionistick\u00fdm gener\u00e1lem Benjaminem Butlerem. Zalo\u017eila \u0161pion\u00e1\u017en\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165, kter\u00e1 po celou dobu v\u00e1lky poskytovala Unii cenn\u00e9 informace. Van Lew psala sv\u00e9 depe\u0161e v k\u00f3du a pou\u017e\u00edvala bezbarvou tekutinu, kter\u00e1 se po sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed s ml\u00e9kem zbarvila do \u010derna.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dat\u011bk z v\u011bzen\u00ed Libby<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejodv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch po\u010din\u016f Van Lew byla pomoc d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016fm Unie p\u0159i \u00fat\u011bku z v\u011bzen\u00ed Libby. Napl\u00e1novala a zkoordinovala odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fd \u00fanikov\u00fd tunel, kter\u00fd vedl k \u00fat\u011bku 100 d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Grant\u016fv nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zdroj<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gener\u00e1l Ulysses S. Grant pozd\u011bji ocenil Van Lew jako sv\u016fj &#8220;nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroj informac\u00ed&#8221; z Richmondu. Jej\u00ed \u0161pion\u00e1\u017en\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 poskytovala z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00e9 informace, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u011bly k pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed Unie.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 boje<\/h2>\n\n<p>Po v\u00e1lce \u010delila Van Lew spole\u010densk\u00e9mu vylou\u010den\u00ed a opovr\u017een\u00ed sv\u00fdch b\u00fdval\u00fdch soused\u016f v Richmondu. Byla ozna\u010dena za zr\u00e1dkyni a ztratila sv\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 postaven\u00ed i majetek. P\u0159esto i nad\u00e1le pracovala pro Unii a osm let p\u016fsobila jako po\u0161tmistryn\u011b v Richmondu za vl\u00e1dy prezidenta Granta.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00ednos Elizabeth Van Lew ke v\u011bci Unie byl v\u00fdznamn\u00fd. Nasazovala sv\u016fj \u017eivot, aby poskytovala cenn\u00e9 informace, pom\u00e1hala v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm zajatc\u016fm a pod\u00edlela se na pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch \u00fat\u011bk\u016f. Jej\u00ed odkaz odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 a oddan\u00e9 \u0161pionky n\u00e1s dodnes inspiruje.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed podrobnosti<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tajn\u00fd den\u00edk Van Lew, kter\u00fd zakop\u00e1vala na sv\u00e9 zahrad\u011b, odhalil jej\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 pocity ohledn\u011b v\u00e1lky a odtr\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Afroamerick\u00e1 slu\u017eebn\u00e1 Van Lew, Mary Elizabeth Bowser, hr\u00e1la ve \u0161pion\u00e1\u017en\u00ed s\u00edti kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli.<\/li>\n<li>Van Lew pobou\u0159ilo zmrza\u010den\u00ed t\u011bla plukovn\u00edka Ulrica Dahlgrena po jeho smrti a p\u0159\u00edsahala, \u017ee jeho ostatky z\u00edsk\u00e1 zp\u011bt.<\/li>\n<li>Van Lew se v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch letech pot\u00fdkala s finan\u010dn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my a byla nucena spol\u00e9hat na podporu p\u0159\u00e1tel a rodiny, aby p\u0159e\u017eila.<\/li>\n<li>Navzdory t\u011b\u017ekostem, kter\u00fdm \u010delila, z\u016fstala Van Lew pevnou stoupenkyn\u00ed Unie a nikdy nelitovala sv\u00fdch \u010din\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elizabeth Van Lew: Ne\u010dekan\u00e1 \u0161pionka Unie Ran\u00fd \u017eivot a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed Elizabeth Van Lew se narodila do bohat\u00e9 rodiny v Richmondu ve Virginii v roce 1818. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskala na Severu, kde&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1001,1000,1004,1006,1005,769,1002,1003],"class_list":["post-387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-civil-war","tag-elizabeth-van-lew","tag-intelligence-gathering","tag-libby-prison-escape","tag-prisoner-of-war-aid","tag-espionage","tag-union-spy","tag-women-in-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=387"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":388,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387\/revisions\/388"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=387"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}