V l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9m miln\u00edku provedli chirurgov\u00e9 z NYU Langone Health prvn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou transplantaci cel\u00e9ho oka na sv\u011bt\u011b. P\u0159\u00edjemcem byl Aaron James, 46let\u00fd veter\u00e1n arm\u00e1dy, kter\u00fd v roce 2021 utrp\u011bl t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 obli\u010dejov\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i elektrick\u00e9m ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Navzdory n\u011bkolika rekonstruk\u010dn\u00edm operac\u00edm James ztratil lev\u00e9 oko, co\u017e mu zp\u016fsobovalo neust\u00e1lou bolest.<\/p>\n\n
Transplantace cel\u00e9ho oka je extr\u00e9mn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fd z\u00e1krok kv\u016fli k\u0159ehkosti optick\u00e9ho nervu, kter\u00fd spojuje oko s mozkem. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed optick\u00e9ho nervu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k slepot\u011b \u010di dokonce k \u00famrt\u00ed. Nav\u00edc mus\u00ed b\u00fdt oko transplantov\u00e1no v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m okn\u011b po darov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby se zajistila jeho \u017eivotaschopnost.<\/p>\n\n
Po Jamesov\u011b nehod\u011b navrhli specialist\u00e9 na transplantaci obli\u010deje z NYU Langone Health nejen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou transplantaci obli\u010deje, ale i kompletn\u00ed transplantaci oka. James pochopil rizika, ale v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednosy p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017e\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
V \u00fanoru 2023 byl James za\u0159azen na seznam potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f transplantace. O t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce pozd\u011bji byl v jin\u00e9m nemocnici v New Yorku identifikov\u00e1n d\u00e1rce. D\u00e1rce, mlad\u00fd mu\u017e ve sv\u00fdch 30 letech, vyj\u00e1d\u0159il silnou touhu darovat sv\u00e9 org\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n
V den pr\u016flomov\u00e9 operace se v NYU Langone Health se\u0161lo v\u00edce ne\u017e 140 zdravotnick\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f. Pracovali sou\u010dasn\u011b ve dvou opera\u010dn\u00edch s\u00e1lech, odstra\u0148ovali po\u0161kozen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Jamesova obli\u010deje a p\u0159ipravovali d\u00e1rceho obli\u010dej a oko k transplantaci.<\/p>\n\n
Operace trvala 21 hodin, b\u011bhem nich\u017e chirurgov\u00e9 transplantovali d\u00e1rceho nos, horn\u00ed a doln\u00ed ret, tk\u00e1n\u011b pod prav\u00fdm okem a lev\u00e9 orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed kosti, o\u010dn\u00ed d\u016flek, v\u00ed\u010dka, obo\u010d\u00ed a okoln\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b. Tak\u00e9 injek\u010dn\u011b podali dosp\u011bl\u00e9 kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky z d\u00e1rceho kostn\u00ed d\u0159en\u011b do Jamesova optick\u00e9ho nervu v pokusu opravit po\u0161kozen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
James str\u00e1vil 17 dn\u00ed na jednotce intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de, ne\u017e se p\u0159est\u011bhoval do bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho bytu k pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed rehabilitaci. Dnes je zp\u011bt doma se svou rodinou v Arkansasu a pomalu si obnovuje kvalitu \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n
A\u010dkoliv James zat\u00edm z transplantovan\u00e9ho oka nevid\u00ed, org\u00e1n se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt zdrav\u00fd. Ran\u00e9 testy ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee sv\u011btlo citliv\u00e9 bu\u0148ky v s\u00edtnici vn\u00edmaj\u00ed sv\u011btlo a pos\u00edlaj\u00ed sign\u00e1ly do vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u016fry v jeho mozku. L\u00e9ka\u0159i doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee s \u010dasem a dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdzkumem James nakonec z\u00edsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
\u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 transplantace cel\u00e9ho oka p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pokrok v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011b. Otev\u00edr\u00e1 nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti l\u00e9\u010dby pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li o zrak kv\u016fli t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm zran\u011bn\u00edm nebo nemocem. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nyn\u00ed pracuj\u00ed na zdokonalen\u00ed z\u00e1kroku a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnosti \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 obnovy vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Transplantace cel\u00e9ho oka vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 etick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, zejm\u00e9na co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 souhlasu jak d\u00e1rce, tak p\u0159\u00edjemce. Je nezbytn\u00e9 zajistit, aby potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1rci pln\u011b ch\u00e1pali rizika a p\u0159\u00ednosy darov\u00e1n\u00ed, a aby p\u0159\u00edjemci byli dob\u0159e informov\u00e1ni o mo\u017en\u00fdch v\u00fdsledc\u00edch operace.<\/p>\n\n
Oblast transplantace cel\u00e9ho oka je st\u00e1le v ran\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch, ale potenci\u00e1l tohoto z\u00e1kroku transformovat \u017eivoty t\u011b\u017ece zran\u011bn\u00fdch pacient\u016f je obrovsk\u00fd. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci aktivn\u011b pracuj\u00ed na zlep\u0161en\u00ed chirurgick\u00fdch technik, v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch terapi\u00ed podporuj\u00edc\u00edch regeneraci optick\u00e9ho nervu a zkoumaj\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159esnosti a preciznosti operace.<\/p>\n\n
S dal\u0161\u00edm pokrokem v medic\u00edn\u011b je nad\u011bje, \u017ee transplantace cel\u00e9ho oka se stane standardn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010debnou mo\u017enost\u00ed pro pacienty, kte\u0159\u00ed ztratili zrak v d\u016fsledku traumatu nebo nemoci.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Prvn\u00ed kompletn\u00ed transplantace cel\u00e9ho oka na sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nad\u011bji t\u011b\u017ece zran\u011bn\u00fdm veter\u00e1n\u016fm Chirurgov\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed pr\u016flomov\u00fd z\u00e1krok V l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9m miln\u00edku provedli chirurgov\u00e9 z NYU Langone Health prvn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou transplantaci cel\u00e9ho oka…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25489,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1016],"tags":[1015,1013,1014,99,1012],"class_list":["post-391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medical-advancements","tag-hope-for-the-injured","tag-medical-milestone","tag-severely-injured-veterans","tag-lifescienceart","tag-whole-eyeball-transplant"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=391"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25490,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391\/revisions\/25490"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25489"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}