{"id":3996,"date":"2020-03-14T18:20:12","date_gmt":"2020-03-14T18:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3996"},"modified":"2020-03-14T18:20:12","modified_gmt":"2020-03-14T18:20:12","slug":"underwater-volcanoes-decoding-the-sounds-of-the-deep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/earth-science\/underwater-volcanoes-decoding-the-sounds-of-the-deep\/","title":{"rendered":"Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky: Dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed zvuk\u016f z hlubin"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky: Dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed zvuk\u016f z hlubin<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co jsou podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako submarinn\u00ed sopky, jsou sopky, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed a vybuchuj\u00ed pod hladinou oce\u00e1nu. Jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za zna\u010dnou \u010d\u00e1st sope\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b. Odhaduje se, \u017ee 70 % v\u0161ech sope\u010dn\u00fdch erupc\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 pod vodou.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzvy studia podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Studium podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek p\u0159edstavuje jedine\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy kv\u016fli jejich hloubce a nep\u0159\u00edstupnosti. Na rozd\u00edl od sv\u00fdch suchozemsk\u00fdch prot\u011bj\u0161k\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze pozorovat a vzorkovat p\u0159\u00edmo, vy\u017eaduj\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky specializovan\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed a techniky pro pr\u016fzkum.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e1lkov\u011b ovl\u00e1dan\u00e1 vozidla (ROV)<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch ke studiu podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek jsou d\u00e1lkov\u011b ovl\u00e1dan\u00e1 vozidla (ROV). Tyto bezpilotn\u00ed podvodn\u00ed drony jsou vybaveny kamerami, senzory a odb\u011brov\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm prozkoum\u00e1vat a sb\u00edrat data z hlubin mo\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Akustick\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou technikou pro studium podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek je akustick\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm a anal\u00fdzou zvuk\u016f produkovan\u00fdch sope\u010dn\u00fdmi erupcemi mohou v\u011bdci z\u00edskat informace o typu, intenzit\u011b a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed aktivity.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zvuky podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky produkuj\u00ed celou \u0159adu zvuk\u016f, ka\u017ed\u00fd se sv\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi jedine\u010dn\u00fdmi charakteristikami:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Magmatick\u00e9 v\u00fdbuchy:<\/strong> Tyto exploze roztaven\u00e9 horniny vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, n\u00edzkofrekven\u010dn\u00ed zvuky.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed plynov\u00fdch bublin:<\/strong> Uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed plynov\u00fdch bublin z vulkanick\u00fdch pr\u016fduch\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u0161irokop\u00e1smov\u00e9, vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed zvuky, kter\u00e9 mohou trvat n\u011bkolik minut.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vyu\u017eit\u00ed zvuku ke studiu podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pochopen\u00edm akustick\u00fdch signatur r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f sope\u010dn\u00fdch erupc\u00ed mohou v\u011bdci vyu\u017e\u00edt zvuk s\u00e1m o sob\u011b k monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a studiu podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek na d\u00e1lku. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd pro sopky, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v hlubok\u00fdch nebo nep\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fdch oblastech.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky mohou b\u00fdt fascinuj\u00edc\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi jevy, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 rizika:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vlny tsunami:<\/strong> Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sope\u010dn\u00e9 erupce mohou vyvolat siln\u00e9 vlny tsunami, kter\u00e9 mohou zpusto\u0161it pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed komunity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00dahyn ryb:<\/strong> Vulkanick\u00e9 plyny a popel mohou zab\u00edt ryby a dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tvorba ostrov\u016f:<\/strong> V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky vytvo\u0159it nov\u00e9 ostrovy nebo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prevence \u0161kod zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch podmo\u0159sk\u00fdmi sopkami<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159edv\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed a zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed rizik vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch z podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek je slo\u017eit\u00fd \u00fakol. V\u011bdci v\u0161ak pracuj\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji syst\u00e9m\u016f v\u010dasn\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed na ochranu pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch komunit p\u0159ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmi nebezpe\u010d\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e1 studie: Sopka West Mata<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jednou z nejl\u00e9pe prozkouman\u00fdch podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek je West Mata, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Tich\u00e9m oce\u00e1nu. V roce 2009 v\u011bdci pou\u017eili ROV k zachycen\u00ed z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f dvou typ\u016f erupc\u00ed na sopce West Mata: magmatick\u00fdch v\u00fdbuch\u016f a uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed plynov\u00fdch bublin. Akustick\u00e9 signatury t\u011bchto erupc\u00ed poskytly cenn\u00e9 informace o chov\u00e1n\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch sopek.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky jsou fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed geologick\u00fdch proces\u016f na\u0161\u00ed planety. Studiem t\u011bchto sopek a jejich zvuk\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bdci lep\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed hlubin mo\u0159\u00ed a vyv\u00edjej\u00ed strategie ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed rizik, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky: Dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed zvuk\u016f z hlubin Co jsou podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky? Podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako submarinn\u00ed sopky, jsou sopky, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed a vybuchuj\u00ed pod hladinou oce\u00e1nu. Jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za zna\u010dnou&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[7436,7437,362,7435,7434],"class_list":["post-3996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-acoustic-monitoring","tag-remotely-operated-vehicles","tag-ocean-exploration","tag-volcanic-eruptions","tag-underwater-volcanoes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3996"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3997,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996\/revisions\/3997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}