{"id":4302,"date":"2021-08-25T07:10:42","date_gmt":"2021-08-25T07:10:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4302"},"modified":"2021-08-25T07:10:42","modified_gmt":"2021-08-25T07:10:42","slug":"uncovering-the-secret-summer-lives-of-wolves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/uncovering-the-secret-summer-lives-of-wolves\/","title":{"rendered":"Tajn\u00fd letn\u00ed \u017eivot vlk\u016f: Ryb\u00e1\u0159i a dobrodruzi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Den v \u017eivot\u011b divok\u00e9ho vlka: Odhalen\u00ed jejich tajn\u00e9ho letn\u00edho \u017eivota<\/h2>\n\n

Ekologie a chov\u00e1n\u00ed vlk\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Vlci jsou vysoce p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00ed pred\u00e1to\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy sv\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. B\u011bhem mraziv\u00fdch zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f tvo\u0159\u00ed sme\u010dky a lov\u00ed velkou ko\u0159ist, jako jsou jeleni a losi. Jakmile v\u0161ak p\u0159ijde jaro a potravy za\u010dne b\u00fdt v\u00edce, vl\u010d\u00ed sme\u010dky se rozpt\u00fdl\u00ed a jednotliv\u00ed vlci se stanou samot\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n\n

Letn\u00ed aktivity vlk\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci byli dlouho fascinov\u00e1ni utajen\u00fdm letn\u00edm \u017eivotem vlk\u016f. Aby z\u00edskali hlub\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed, v\u011bdci z University of Minnesota se pustili do projektu Voyageurs Wolf. Pomoc\u00ed inovativn\u00edch kamer na obojc\u00edch zachytili bezprecedentn\u00ed z\u00e1b\u011bry vlka jm\u00e9nem V089.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1b\u011bry odhalily, \u017ee vlci tr\u00e1v\u00ed zna\u010dnou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00fdch letn\u00edch dn\u016f sp\u00e1nkem. Mezi zd\u0159\u00edmnut\u00edm se v\u0161ak v\u011bnuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m, v\u010detn\u011b lovu mal\u00e9 ko\u0159isti, pr\u016fzkumu sv\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed a p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b i ryba\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Vlci jako ryb\u00e1\u0159i<\/h2>\n\n

Objev vlk\u016f lov\u00edc\u00edch bobry v \u0159ece Ash zpochybnil dlouholet\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady o jejich stravovac\u00edch n\u00e1vyc\u00edch. D\u0159\u00edve se v\u011bdci domn\u00edvali, \u017ee vlci lov\u00ed ryby pouze ve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e se \u010dlenov\u00e9 sme\u010dky nau\u010dili tuto techniku od sv\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1b\u011bry z kamery na obojku v\u0161ak nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee vlci v\u0161ude maj\u00ed schopnost nau\u010dit se a p\u0159ed\u00e1vat ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost zd\u016fraz\u0148uje oportunistickou povahu vlk\u016f a jejich schopnost vyu\u017e\u00edvat r\u016fzn\u00e9 zdroje potravy.<\/p>\n\n

Ochrana a management<\/h2>\n\n

Projekt Voyageurs Wolf m\u00e1 za c\u00edl poskytnout cenn\u00e9 poznatky pro ochranu a management vl\u010d\u00edch populac\u00ed. Pochopen\u00edm ekologick\u00fdch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed vlk\u016f, doufaj\u00ed v\u011bdci, \u017ee vyvinou \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 strategie na ochranu a udr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bchto vrcholov\u00fdch pred\u00e1tor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Technologie kamer na obojky<\/h2>\n\n

Kamery na obojky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v projektu Voyageurs Wolf jsou vybaveny funkcemi GPS sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a automatick\u00e9ho vypadnut\u00ed. To umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u011bdc\u016fm sledovat pohyby vlk\u016f a bezpe\u010dn\u011b z\u00edskat obojky zp\u011bt po p\u0159edem stanoven\u00e9 dob\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1b\u011bry po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 t\u011bmito kamerami zrevolucionizovaly na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed vlk\u016f. V\u011bdci nyn\u00ed mohou pozorovat vlky v jejich p\u0159irozen\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ani\u017e by ru\u0161ili jejich aktivity.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdzvy a budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory pr\u016flomov\u00fdm z\u00e1b\u011br\u016fm v\u011bdci uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Hust\u00e1 srst V089 m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdy zakr\u00fdt pohled kamery. Aby se tomu zabr\u00e1nilo, t\u00fdm pl\u00e1nuje p\u0159ed vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm vlk\u016f zast\u0159ihnout srst.<\/p>\n\n

Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed programu kamer na obojky tak, aby zahrnoval dal\u0161\u00ed vlky. To poskytne komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed ekologie a chov\u00e1n\u00ed vlk\u016f a pom\u016f\u017ee v\u011bdc\u016fm vyvinout strategie ochrany a managementu zalo\u017een\u00e9 na d\u016fkazech.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

Z\u00e1b\u011bry z kamer na obojky po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 projektem Voyageurs Wolf vrhly nov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na skryt\u00fd \u017eivot vlk\u016f b\u011bhem letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Objev vlk\u016f lov\u00edc\u00edch bobry zpochyb\u0148uje p\u0159edchoz\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady o jejich stravovac\u00edch n\u00e1vyc\u00edch a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje jejich pozoruhodnou p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost. Tento v\u00fdzkum je nezbytn\u00fd pro ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na zachov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u010d\u00edch populac\u00ed a udr\u017een\u00ed k\u0159ehk\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy jejich ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Den v \u017eivot\u011b divok\u00e9ho vlka: Odhalen\u00ed jejich tajn\u00e9ho letn\u00edho \u017eivota Ekologie a chov\u00e1n\u00ed vlk\u016f Vlci jsou vysoce p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00ed pred\u00e1to\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy sv\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. B\u011bhem mraziv\u00fdch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[7873,7874,924,401],"class_list":["post-4302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wolf-behavior","tag-wildlife-ecology","tag-nature-photography","tag-conservation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4302","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4302"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4303,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4302\/revisions\/4303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}