{"id":4341,"date":"2026-02-01T16:41:10","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T16:41:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4341"},"modified":"2026-02-01T16:41:10","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T16:41:10","slug":"the-scientific-reason-why-reindeer-have-red-noses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/the-scientific-reason-why-reindeer-have-red-noses\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d maj\u00ed sob\u00ed nosy \u010derven\u00fd odst\u00edn? V\u011bda odhaluje p\u0159ekvapivou pravdu!"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u011bdeck\u00fd d\u016fvod, pro\u010d maj\u00ed sob\u00ed \u010derven\u00e9 nosy<\/h2>\n\n

Fyziologick\u00e9 vlastnosti Rudolfova \u010derven\u00e9ho nosu<\/h2>\n\n

Obl\u00edben\u00e1 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed postavi\u010dka Rudolf se \u010derven\u00fdm nosem je sice fiktivn\u00ed, ale v\u011bdeck\u00fd z\u00e1klad jeho charakteristick\u00e9ho \u010derven\u00e9ho nosu je skute\u010dn\u00fd. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed sobi, v\u011bdecky ozna\u010dovan\u00ed jako Rangifer tarandus, skute\u010dn\u011b maj\u00ed nosy s \u010derven\u00fdm n\u00e1dechem.<\/p>\n\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum publikovan\u00fd v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9m \u010dasopise BMJ objasnil fyziologick\u00e9 d\u016fvody t\u00e9to neobvykl\u00e9 zbarven\u00ed. V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee sob\u00ed nosy jsou hust\u011b protkan\u00e9 krevn\u00edmi c\u00e9vami, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i regulaci t\u011blesn\u00e9 teploty v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n

Krevn\u00ed c\u00e9vy a regulace teploty<\/h2>\n\n

Vysok\u00e1 koncentrace krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v v sob\u00edch nosech umo\u017e\u0148uje velk\u00e9mu mno\u017estv\u00ed krve proudit t\u011bsn\u011b pod povrchem k\u016f\u017ee. To pom\u00e1h\u00e1 odv\u00e1d\u011bt teplo, kdy\u017e se zv\u00ed\u0159ata p\u0159eh\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, a br\u00e1n\u00ed jim v promrznut\u00ed p\u0159i extr\u00e9mn\u00edm chladu.<\/p>\n\n

Studie pomoc\u00ed infra\u010derven\u00e9ho zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee teplota sob\u00edch nos\u016f m\u016f\u017ee po cvi\u010den\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout a\u017e 24 \u00b0C, co\u017e ukazuje na jejich roli p\u0159i regulaci teploty. To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro soby, kte\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem roku \u010del\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n\n

Kapil\u00e1ry a pr\u016ftok krve<\/h2>\n\n

Kapil\u00e1ry v sob\u00edch nosech jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed krve do nosu. Tyto mal\u00e9 krevn\u00ed c\u00e9vy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed efektivn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu tepla a zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee mozek a dal\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 org\u00e1ny z\u016fstanou na stabiln\u00ed teplot\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Hust\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v v sob\u00edch nosech je p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed, kter\u00e9 t\u011bmto zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje prosperovat v chladn\u00fdch arktick\u00fdch habitatech. Regulac\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 teploty mohou soby udr\u017eovat svou energetickou \u00farove\u0148 a p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat v drsn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n

Pro\u010d maj\u00ed jen n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed sobi \u010derven\u00e9 nosy?<\/h2>\n\n

Ne v\u0161ichni sobi maj\u00ed \u010derven\u00e9 nosy. \u010cerven\u00fd odst\u00edn je zp\u016fsoben vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed koncentrac\u00ed krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v, co\u017e je genetick\u00fd znak. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed sobi mohou m\u00edt v nosech v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hustotu krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v ne\u017e jin\u00ed, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dervenou barvu.<\/p>\n\n

Termoregula\u010dn\u00ed funkce sob\u00edho nosu<\/h2>\n\n

Termoregula\u010dn\u00ed funkce sob\u00edho nosu je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro jejich p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed v chladn\u00e9m klimatu. Odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm tepla a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm stabiln\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 teploty mohou soby odol\u00e1vat extr\u00e9mn\u00edm pov\u011btrnostn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m a z\u016fstat aktivn\u00ed po cel\u00fd rok.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fle\u017eitost kapil\u00e1r<\/h2>\n\n

Kapil\u00e1ry hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i regulaci teploty v sob\u00edch nosech. Tyto mal\u00e9 krevn\u00ed c\u00e9vy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed efektivn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu tepla a zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee mozek a dal\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 org\u00e1ny z\u016fstanou na stabiln\u00ed teplot\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

\u010cerven\u00e9 nosy sob\u016f nejsou jen v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm detailem, ale fyziologick\u00fdm p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00edm, kter\u00e9 t\u011bmto zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje prosperovat v chladn\u00fdch arktick\u00fdch habitatech. Regulac\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 teploty mohou soby udr\u017eovat svou energetickou \u00farove\u0148 a p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat v drsn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u011bdeck\u00fd d\u016fvod, pro\u010d maj\u00ed sob\u00ed \u010derven\u00e9 nosy Fyziologick\u00e9 vlastnosti Rudolfova \u010derven\u00e9ho nosu Obl\u00edben\u00e1 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed postavi\u010dka Rudolf se \u010derven\u00fdm nosem je sice fiktivn\u00ed, ale v\u011bdeck\u00fd z\u00e1klad jeho charakteristick\u00e9ho \u010derven\u00e9ho nosu je…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[4360,4116,7924,4357,5927],"class_list":["post-4341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-arctic-wildlife","tag-physiology","tag-red-noses","tag-reindeer","tag-thermoregulation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4341"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25250,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4341\/revisions\/25250"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}