{"id":4369,"date":"2020-09-21T19:57:41","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T19:57:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4369"},"modified":"2020-09-21T19:57:41","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T19:57:41","slug":"rare-autographed-manuscript-charles-darwin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/biology\/rare-autographed-manuscript-charles-darwin\/","title":{"rendered":"Vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 vlastnoru\u010dn\u00ed rukopisy Charlese Darwina: Nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do mysli g\u00e9nia"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 vlastnoru\u010dn\u00ed rukopisy Charlese Darwina: Nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do mysli g\u00e9nia<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rukopis<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1865 sepsal Charles Darwin, proslul\u00fd p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdec a otec evolu\u010dn\u00ed biologie, vlastnoru\u010dn\u00ed rukopis, kter\u00fd bude nyn\u00ed vydra\u017een v auk\u010dn\u00edm dom\u011b Sotheby&#8217;s. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee tento vz\u00e1cn\u00fd dokument, sou\u010d\u00e1st aukce &#8220;Age of Wonder&#8221;, vynese a\u017e 800 000 dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>Rukopis je d\u016fkazem Darwinovy pe\u010dlivosti a smyslu pro detail. Obsahuje \u00faryvek z jeho pr\u016flomov\u00e9ho d\u00edla &#8220;O p\u016fvodu druh\u016f&#8221; a tak\u00e9 jeho dal\u0161\u00ed \u00favahy na t\u00e9ma evoluce.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Darwin\u016fv podpis<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jednou z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed rukopisu je Darwin\u016fv pln\u00fd podpis. Na rozd\u00edl od jeho obvykl\u00fdch zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdch podpis\u016f podepsal tento dokument cel\u00fdm sv\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem &#8220;Charles Darwin&#8221;. Jedn\u00e1 se o vz\u00e1cn\u00fd v\u00fdskyt, kter\u00fd \u010din\u00ed rukopis je\u0161t\u011b cenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odpov\u011b\u010f Hermannu Kindtovi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rukopis byl naps\u00e1n v reakci na \u017e\u00e1dost Hermanna Kindta, redaktora \u010dasopisu Autographic Mirror. Kindt po\u017e\u00e1dal Darwina o uk\u00e1zku jeho rukopisu, kterou by mohl otisknout ve sv\u00e9 publikaci.<\/p>\n\n<p>Darwin vyhov\u011bl a na podzim roku 1865 poslal Kindtovi rukopis, \u010dty\u0159i roky po vyd\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed knihy &#8220;O p\u016fvodu druh\u016f&#8221;. Experti d\u0159\u00edve tento z\u00e1znam myln\u011b identifikovali jako n\u00e1vrh pas\u00e1\u017ee z tohoto t\u0159et\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Darwinovy evolu\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edstavy<\/h2>\n\n<p>V rukopisu Darwin nast\u00ednil svou teorii evoluce prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru. Vysv\u011btlil, jak se druhy v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu m\u011bnily prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm uchov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch variac\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Darwin se tak\u00e9 odvolal na n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy, kter\u00e9 zahrnul pouze do t\u0159et\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed knihy &#8220;O p\u016fvodu druh\u016f&#8221;, \u010d\u00edm\u017e d\u00e1le utvrdil v\u00fdznam rukopisu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vliv na v\u011bdu a kulturu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Darwinova evolu\u010dn\u00ed teorie m\u011bla z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na v\u011bdu a kulturu 19. stolet\u00ed. Zpochybnila p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed t\u00e9 doby a p\u0159ipravila p\u016fdu pro budouc\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 objevy.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Darwin\u016fv tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed proces<\/h2>\n\n<p>Darwin byl plodn\u00fd spisovatel a jeho na\u010dm\u00e1ran\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy poskytuj\u00ed pohled do jeho my\u0161lenkov\u00fdch pochod\u016f. \u010casto p\u0159e\u0161krt\u00e1val n\u00e1pady, psal p\u0159es n\u011b a na\u010drt\u00e1val diagramy, aby rozv\u00edjel sv\u00e9 teorie.<\/p>\n\n<p>D\u00edky digitaliza\u010dn\u00edmu projektu z roku 2008 veden\u00e9mu Cambridgeskou univerzitou si nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd prohl\u00e9dnout Darwin\u016fv rukopis online.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odkaz knihy &#8220;O p\u016fvodu druh\u016f&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e Darwin poprv\u00e9 vydal knihu &#8220;O p\u016fvodu druh\u016f&#8221;, okam\u017eit\u011b se vyprodala, p\u0159esto\u017ee odporovala biblick\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o stvo\u0159en\u00ed. \u010casem v\u011bdci jeho z\u00e1v\u011bry p\u0159ijali, co\u017e upevnilo jeho odkaz jako jednoho z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch g\u00e9ni\u016f v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed poznatky<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Darwin str\u00e1vil mnoho let psan\u00edm knihy &#8220;O p\u016fvodu druh\u016f&#8221; pot\u00e9, co obeplul zem\u011bkouli na palub\u011b lodi H.M.S. Beagle.<\/li>\n<li>Darwin\u016fv ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed re\u017eim byl uvoln\u011bn\u00fd a zahrnoval mnoho p\u0159est\u00e1vek na j\u00eddlo, tr\u00e1ven\u00ed \u010dasu s rodinou a proch\u00e1zky.<\/li>\n<li>V\u011bdeck\u00e1 obec obecn\u011b p\u0159ijala Darwin\u016fv z\u00e1v\u011bry v dob\u011b jeho smrti v roce 1882.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 vlastnoru\u010dn\u00ed rukopisy Charlese Darwina: Nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do mysli g\u00e9nia Rukopis V roce 1865 sepsal Charles Darwin, proslul\u00fd p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdec a otec evolu\u010dn\u00ed biologie, vlastnoru\u010dn\u00ed rukopis, kter\u00fd bude nyn\u00ed vydra\u017een v auk\u010dn\u00edm&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[4074,7951,1796,136,2546],"class_list":["post-4369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-sothebys-auction","tag-autographed-manuscript","tag-charles-darwin","tag-evolution","tag-natural-selection"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4369"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4370,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4369\/revisions\/4370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}