{"id":4461,"date":"2021-11-27T10:44:32","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T10:44:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4461"},"modified":"2021-11-27T10:44:32","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T10:44:32","slug":"history-of-swimwear-from-ancient-rome-to-modern-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/fashion-and-beauty\/history-of-swimwear-from-ancient-rome-to-modern-day\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie plavek: Od starov\u011bku po sou\u010dasnost"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historie plavek: Od starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma po sou\u010dasnost<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plavky ve starov\u011bku<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 vyobrazen\u00ed \u017een v plavk\u00e1ch lze vysledovat do 4. stolet\u00ed na Sic\u00edlii, kde mozaika ve Villa Romana del Casale zobrazuje \u017eeny cvi\u010d\u00edc\u00ed v od\u011bvech podobn\u00fdch bikin\u00e1m. Po mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch stolet\u00ed v\u0161ak existuje jen m\u00e1lo d\u016fkaz\u016f o tom, \u017ee by se lid\u00e9 odv\u00e1\u017eili do vody.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Koup\u00e1n\u00ed v 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Koncem 17. stolet\u00ed popsala anglick\u00e1 cestovatelka Celia Fiennes typick\u00fd plaveck\u00fd kost\u00fdm pro \u017eeny: voln\u00fd \u017elut\u00fd pl\u00e1t\u011bn\u00fd od\u011bv, kter\u00fd zcela zakr\u00fdval jejich t\u011bla. Tyto \u201eplaveck\u00e9 \u0161aty\u201c se pou\u017e\u00edvaly pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 koup\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e byla v t\u00e9 dob\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 praxe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Skromnost a plaveck\u00e9 \u0161aty<\/h2>\n\n<p>V 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed p\u0159evl\u00e1dala v designu plavek cudnost. \u017deny nosily dlouh\u00e9 \u0161aty ze siln\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i namo\u010den\u00ed nestaly pr\u016fhledn\u00fdmi. N\u011bkter\u00e9 dokonce v\u0161ily do lem\u016f olov\u011bn\u00e1 z\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed, aby zabr\u00e1nily tomu, aby \u0161aty vyplavaly a odhalily p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vzestup jednod\u00edln\u00fdch plavek<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1907 zp\u016fsobila australsk\u00e1 plavkyn\u011b Annette Kellerman skand\u00e1l, kdy\u017e byla zat\u010dena za no\u0161en\u00ed obepnut\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jednod\u00edln\u00fdch plavek v Bostonu. Jej\u00ed zat\u010den\u00ed otev\u0159elo cestu nov\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e plavek, kter\u00e9 kladly d\u016fraz na pohodl\u00ed a funk\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jantzen a \u201eRud\u00e1 skokanka\u201c<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1915 p\u0159edstavila spole\u010dnost Jantzen, pleta\u0159sk\u00e1 d\u00edlna v Portlandu, pojem \u201eplavky\u201c a vytvo\u0159ila sv\u00e9 kultovn\u00ed logo \u201eRud\u00e1 skokanka\u201c. Tento obr\u00e1zek, kter\u00fd zt\u011bles\u0148oval ducha bou\u0159liv\u00fdch dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch let, pomohl popularizovat plavky a u\u010dinil z Jantzenu zn\u00e1mou zna\u010dku.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Revoluce bikin<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1946 p\u0159edstavil francouzsk\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr Louis R\u00e9ard bikiny, pojmenovan\u00e9 po ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch atomov\u00fdch testech na atolu Bikini. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se setkaly s odporem, ale bikiny si rychle z\u00edskaly oblibu a staly se symbolem osvobozen\u00ed a \u017eensk\u00e9 emancipace.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plavky v modern\u00ed \u00e9\u0159e<\/h2>\n\n<p>Od 60. let 20. stolet\u00ed se plavky vyv\u00edjely nespo\u010detn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Bl\u016fzov\u00e9 plavky, retro dvoud\u00edln\u00e9 plavky, burkiny, plaveck\u00e1 tri\u010dka s UV ochranou a tanga jsou jen n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00edklady rozmanit\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly mo\u017enost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou dnes k dispozici.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Farrah Fawcett a americk\u00fd sen<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1975 se kultovn\u00ed plak\u00e1t Farrah Fawcett v \u010derven\u00fdch jednod\u00edln\u00fdch plavk\u00e1ch stal kulturn\u00ed senzac\u00ed. Jej\u00ed image p\u0159edstavovala vrchol sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed revoluce a zachycovala ducha cel\u00e9 generace.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Postoj Ameri\u010dan\u016f k plavk\u00e1m<\/h2>\n\n<p>A\u010dkoli bikiny mohly vzniknout ve Francii, p\u0159\u00edstup Ameri\u010dan\u016f k plavk\u00e1m se v\u017edy vyzna\u010doval pocitem skromnosti. Dokonce i dnes mnoho Ameri\u010dan\u016f preferuje plavky, kter\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161e nazna\u010duj\u00ed sexualitu, ne\u017e aby ji otev\u0159en\u011b vy\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044fly na odiv.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historie plavek: Od starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma po sou\u010dasnost Plavky ve starov\u011bku Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 vyobrazen\u00ed \u017een v plavk\u00e1ch lze vysledovat do 4. stolet\u00ed na Sic\u00edlii, kde mozaika ve Villa Romana del Casale&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2138],"tags":[8105,8102,8101,8104,3809,8103],"class_list":["post-4461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fashion-and-beauty","tag-farrah-fawcett","tag-fashion-evolution","tag-swimwear-history","tag-jantzen","tag-cultural-impact","tag-modesty-and-sexuality"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4461"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4462,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4461\/revisions\/4462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}