Mravene\u010dn\u00edci hedv\u00e1bn\u00ed, nejmen\u0161\u00ed a nejstar\u0161\u00ed ze v\u0161ech druh\u016f mravene\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, jsou ji\u017e dlouho zn\u00e1mi jako obyvatel\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017einn\u00fdch de\u0161tn\u00fdch prales\u016f a mangrov\u016f St\u0159edn\u00ed a Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky. Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak odhalil potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nov\u00fd druh mravene\u010dn\u00edka hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho \u017eij\u00edc\u00edho v izolovan\u00e9 oblasti mangrov\u016f v brazilsk\u00e9 delt\u011b Parna\u00edba.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 2017 zve\u0159ejnil t\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f veden\u00fd Fl\u00e1vi\u00ed Mirandou anal\u00fdzu DNA mravene\u010dn\u00edka hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho z cel\u00e9 Ameriky. Jejich zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odhalila existenci sedmi r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Miranda, kter\u00e1 se des\u00edtky let v\u011bnuje studiu lenochod\u016f, mravene\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a p\u00e1sovc\u016f v Braz\u00edlii, dlouho p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dala, \u017ee by mohl existovat v\u00edce ne\u017e jeden druh mravene\u010dn\u00edka hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n
Mravene\u010dn\u00edci hedv\u00e1bn\u00ed z delty Parna\u00edba jsou geograficky izolov\u00e1ni a \u017eij\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 000 mil od sv\u00fdch nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch zn\u00e1m\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch. Mirandina genetick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tato populace se odli\u0161uje od ostatn\u00edch druh\u016f mravene\u010dn\u00edk\u016f hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dva miliony let.<\/p>\n\n
Aby se potvrdil status mravene\u010dn\u00edk\u016f hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdch z delty jako nov\u00e9ho druhu, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed charakteristiky potvrzeny genetick\u00fdmi d\u016fkazy. Miranda a jej\u00ed t\u00fdm sb\u00edraj\u00ed vzorky krve a prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at nalezen\u00fdch v mangrovov\u00fdch porostech. Domn\u00edvaj\u00ed se, \u017ee mravene\u010dn\u00edci z delty mohou vykazovat jedine\u010dn\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 vlastnosti, kter\u00e9 je odli\u0161uj\u00ed od ostatn\u00edch zn\u00e1m\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Delta Parna\u00edba je kritick\u00fdm stanovi\u0161t\u011bm pro mravene\u010dn\u00edky hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9, ale \u010del\u00ed tak\u00e9 hrozb\u00e1m odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a pastvy dobytka. M\u00edstn\u00ed komunity spolupracuj\u00ed s v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky na zales\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed mangrov\u016f a ochran\u011b mravene\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at, kter\u00e1 jsou na tomto ekosyst\u00e9mu z\u00e1visl\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n
Mirandina objev zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu dal\u0161\u00edho zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed a ochrany pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. Domn\u00edv\u00e1 se, \u017ee by mohly existovat dal\u0161\u00ed populace mravene\u010dn\u00edk\u016f hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdch “chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku” v such\u00fdch les\u00edch mezi delt<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Objev potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nov\u00e9ho druhu mravene\u010dn\u00edka hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho v brazilsk\u00e9 delt\u011b Parna\u00edba Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed a vz\u00e1cn\u00fd tvor Mravene\u010dn\u00edci hedv\u00e1bn\u00ed, nejmen\u0161\u00ed a nejstar\u0161\u00ed ze v\u0161ech druh\u016f mravene\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, jsou ji\u017e dlouho zn\u00e1mi jako obyvatel\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017einn\u00fdch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[395,6799,8152,254,1303,3602,8151,2331,1532,401,97,727],"class_list":["post-4489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-biodiversity","tag-brazil","tag-parnaiba-delta","tag-wildlife","tag-ecosystem","tag-mangroves","tag-silky-anteater","tag-new-species","tag-discovery","tag-conservation","tag-science","tag-research"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4489"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4490,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4489\/revisions\/4490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}