{"id":4528,"date":"2023-12-18T05:30:14","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T05:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4528"},"modified":"2023-12-18T05:30:14","modified_gmt":"2023-12-18T05:30:14","slug":"citrus-greening-devastating-threat-citrus-industry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/agriculture\/citrus-greening-devastating-threat-citrus-industry\/","title":{"rendered":"Citrus Greening: Smrteln\u00e1 hrozba pro citrusov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Huanglongbing: Zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed hrozba pro pr\u016fmysl citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je huanglongbing?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Huanglongbing je smrteln\u00e1 choroba, kter\u00e1 postihuje citrusov\u00e9 stromy a zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee produkuj\u00ed ho\u0159k\u00e9, asymetrick\u00e9 plody, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto nedozr\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Zp\u016fsobuje ji bakterie Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), kter\u00e1 je p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ena asijsk\u00fdm citrusov\u00fdm psyllidem. Jakmile je strom infikov\u00e1n, neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd l\u00e9k a nakonec zem\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopad huanglongbingu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Huanglongbing je jednou z nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch chorob citrusov\u00fdch rostlin na sv\u011bt\u011b. Ji\u017e zp\u016fsobila zpusto\u0161en\u00ed v Asii, Africe, na Arabsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b a v Braz\u00edlii a nyn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje velkou hrozbu pro pr\u016fmysl citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech byl huanglongbing poprv\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn na Florid\u011b v roce 2005. Od t\u00e9 doby se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il i do dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f, kde se p\u011bstuj\u00ed citrusov\u00e9 plody, v\u010detn\u011b Kalifornie, Texasu a Arizony. Nemoc zni\u010dila miliony akr\u016f citrusov\u00fdch plodin a odhaduje se, \u017ee stoj\u00ed pr\u016fmysl citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f 16 milion\u016f dolar\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b na n\u00e1kladech na v\u00fdzkum a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edznaky huanglongbingu<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edznaky huanglongbingu se mohou li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na st\u00e1diu infekce. V ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch nemus\u00ed stromy vykazovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. Jak nemoc postupuje, mohou stromy vyvinout n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u017dloutnut\u00ed list\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Zakrn\u011bl\u00fd r\u016fst<\/li>\n<li>Asymetrick\u00e9 plody<\/li>\n<li>Ho\u0159k\u00e9 plody<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fd opad plod\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak se huanglongbing \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Huanglongbing \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed asijsk\u00fd citrusov\u00fd psyllid, mal\u00fd hmyz, kter\u00fd se \u017eiv\u00ed listy citrus\u016f. Kdy\u017e se psyllid \u017eiv\u00ed infikovan\u00fdm stromem, p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 bakterii Las. Bakterie se pot\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159en\u00e9st na jin\u00e9 stromy, kdy\u017e se psyllid \u017eiv\u00ed na nich.<\/p>\n\n<p>Asijsk\u00fd citrusov\u00fd psyllid je velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm p\u0159ena\u0161e\u010dem Las. Bakterii m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159en\u00e9st na stromy b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut od nakrmen\u00ed na infikovan\u00e9m strom\u011b. To velmi zt\u011b\u017euje kontrolu \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed huanglongbingu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed huanglongbingu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na huanglongbing neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd l\u00e9k. Existuje v\u0161ak \u0159ada strategi\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt ke zpomalen\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nemoci a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jej\u00edho dopadu na citrusov\u00e9 stromy. Tyto strategie zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Odstran\u011bn\u00ed infikovan\u00fdch strom\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eit\u00ed insekticid\u016f ke kontrole asijsk\u00e9ho citrusov\u00e9ho psyllidu<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdsadba odoln\u00fdch podno\u017e\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eit\u00ed kulturn\u00edch postup\u016f ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nemoci<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budoucnost pr\u016fmyslu citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>Huanglongbing je velkou hrozbou pro pr\u016fmysl citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f. P\u0159esto existuje je\u0161t\u011b nad\u011bje pro budoucnost. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci pracuj\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak nemoc kontrolovat, a na v\u00fdvoji odoln\u00fdch odr\u016fd citrus\u016f. S pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdzkumem a \u00fasil\u00edm je mo\u017en\u00e9 zachr\u00e1nit pr\u016fmysl citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f p\u0159ed touto ni\u010divou chorobou.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed informace<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Drony se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k boji proti huanglongbingu post\u0159ikem insekticid\u016f a monitorov\u00e1n\u00edm \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nemoci.<\/li>\n<li>Vzducholod\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaly k p\u0159eprav\u011b pomeran\u010d\u016f b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 hore\u010dky.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u016fmysl citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f \u010del\u00ed kv\u016fli huanglongbingu velk\u00e9 v\u00fdzv\u011b, ale pro budoucnost st\u00e1le existuje nad\u011bje.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Huanglongbing: Zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed hrozba pro pr\u016fmysl citrusov\u00fdch plod\u016f Co je huanglongbing? Huanglongbing je smrteln\u00e1 choroba, kter\u00e1 postihuje citrusov\u00e9 stromy a zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee produkuj\u00ed ho\u0159k\u00e9, asymetrick\u00e9 plody, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto nedozr\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Zp\u016fsobuje ji&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1196],"tags":[8218,8216,8217,8219,287],"class_list":["post-4528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agriculture","tag-citrus-industry","tag-citrus-greening","tag-huanglongbing-hlb","tag-plant-disease","tag-agriculture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4528"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4528\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4529,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4528\/revisions\/4529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}