{"id":4807,"date":"2024-08-14T21:14:38","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T21:14:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4807"},"modified":"2024-08-14T21:14:38","modified_gmt":"2024-08-14T21:14:38","slug":"allergies-linked-to-reduced-risk-of-sars-cov-2-infection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/health-and-medicine\/allergies-linked-to-reduced-risk-of-sars-cov-2-infection\/","title":{"rendered":"Alergie a SARS-CoV-2: Ne\u010dekan\u00e9 spojen\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alergie spojen\u00e9 se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm rizikem n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2<\/h2>\n\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Komplexn\u00ed studie proveden\u00e1 N\u00e1rodn\u00edmi \u00fastavy zdrav\u00ed (NIH) odhalila zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se vztahu mezi alergiemi a rizikem n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2. Studie zjistila, \u017ee jedinci s alergiemi na potraviny maj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost n\u00e1kazy t\u00edmto virem. Toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zd\u016fraz\u0148uje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky n\u011bkter\u00fdch imunitn\u00edch odpov\u011bd\u00ed proti SARS-CoV-2.<\/p>\n\n

Vliv alergi\u00ed na potraviny na n\u00e1kazu SARS-CoV-2<\/h2>\n\n

Studie NIH analyzovala data od v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 000 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b nezletil\u00fdch, nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d 1 400 dom\u00e1cnostmi. V\u00fdsledky prok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee jedinci s alergiemi na potraviny m\u011bli o 50 % ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s t\u011bmi bez alergi\u00ed. Toto pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee alergie na potraviny mohou poskytovat ur\u010dit\u00fd stupe\u0148 ochrany proti viru.<\/p>\n\n

Vliv obezity a BMI<\/h2>\n\n

Na rozd\u00edl od ochrann\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dinku alergi\u00ed na potraviny studie zjistila, \u017ee obezita a vysok\u00fd index t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti (BMI) byly spojeny se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm rizikem n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2. Toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed podtrhuje v\u00fdznam udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zdrav\u00e9 v\u00e1hy pro celkovou pohodu a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1chylnosti k virov\u00fdm infekc\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

Astma a ekz\u00e9m: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko n\u00e1kazy<\/h2>\n\n

V rozporu s p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi p\u0159edpoklady studie odhalila, \u017ee astma a ekz\u00e9m nezvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2. Toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uje p\u0159edstavu, \u017ee respira\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed inherentn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko virov\u00fdch infekc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1n\u011bt typu dva a receptor ACE2<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci spekuluj\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1n\u011bt typu dva, b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f spojen\u00e1 s alergick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, jako je ekz\u00e9m a n\u011bkter\u00e9 typy astmatu, m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t roli ve sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rizika n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee z\u00e1n\u011bt typu dva sni\u017euje hladiny receptoru ACE2 na povrchu bun\u011bk d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest. Receptor ACE2 je prim\u00e1rn\u00edm vstupn\u00edm bodem pro spike protein SARS-CoV-2, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje viru infikovat bu\u0148ky. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm po\u010dtu receptor\u016f ACE2 m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1n\u011bt typu dva omezit schopnost viru vstoupit do bun\u011bk a infikovat je.<\/p>\n\n

Mechanismy ochrany<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee p\u0159esn\u00e9 mechanismy, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm rizikem n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2 u jedinc\u016f s alergiemi, je\u0161t\u011b nebyly zcela objasn\u011bny, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumaj\u00ed n\u011bkolik potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch faktor\u016f. Jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed je, \u017ee alergie spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed produkci specifick\u00fdch imunitn\u00edch molekul, kter\u00e9 inhibuj\u00ed schopnost viru replikovat se. Jin\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za nazna\u010duje, \u017ee alergick\u00e9 stavy mohou pos\u00edlit schopnost imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu rozpoznat a odstranit virus \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n

Implikace pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studie NIH zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdznam o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed komplexn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed k prevenci n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2. O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak chr\u00e1nit jednotlivce a zraniteln\u00e9 populace p\u0159ed virem.<\/p>\n\n

Nov\u00e9 sm\u011bry v\u00fdzkumu<\/h2>\n\n

Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studie otev\u00edraj\u00ed nov\u00e9 cesty pro v\u00fdzkum komplexn\u00ed interakce mezi imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, alergick\u00fdmi stavy a virov\u00fdmi infekcemi. Budouc\u00ed studie budou m\u00edt za c\u00edl identifikovat specifick\u00e9 imunitn\u00ed mechanismy odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za ochrann\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky pozorovan\u00e9 u jedinc\u016f s alergiemi. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nav\u00edc prozkoumaj\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdhody modulace imunitn\u00edch odpov\u011bd\u00ed ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ochrany proti SARS-CoV-2 a dal\u0161\u00edm virov\u00fdm infekc\u00edm.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alergie spojen\u00e9 se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm rizikem n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2 Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Komplexn\u00ed studie proveden\u00e1 N\u00e1rodn\u00edmi \u00fastavy zdrav\u00ed (NIH) odhalila zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se vztahu mezi alergiemi a rizikem n\u00e1kazy SARS-CoV-2. Studie zjistila,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":24056,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[463],"tags":[8645,7149,8646,8490,1858,178,8647],"class_list":["post-4807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-and-medicine","tag-allergies","tag-immunity","tag-immune-response","tag-infection","tag-sars-cov-2","tag-public-health","tag-viral-infection"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4807"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4807\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4808,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4807\/revisions\/4808"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4807"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4807"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}