{"id":4845,"date":"2024-09-19T11:02:20","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T11:02:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4845"},"modified":"2024-09-19T11:02:20","modified_gmt":"2024-09-19T11:02:20","slug":"john-philip-sousa-the-march-kings-battle-against-mechanical-music","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/music\/john-philip-sousa-the-march-kings-battle-against-mechanical-music\/","title":{"rendered":"John Philip Sousa: Boj kr\u00e1le pochod\u016f proti mechanick\u00e9 hudb\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

John Philip Sousa: Boj kr\u00e1le pochod\u016f proti mechanick\u00e9 hudb\u011b<\/h2>\n\n
    \n
  1. listopadu 1854 se narodil John Philip Sousa, proslul\u00fd \u201ekr\u00e1l pochod\u016f\u201c. Sousa byl vizion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd skladatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159edv\u00eddal p\u0159\u00edchod nahran\u00e9 hudby a jej\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd dopad na spole\u010dnost. Nebyl v\u0161ak zast\u00e1ncem t\u00e9to nov\u00e9 technologie, jak dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 jeho esej nazvan\u00e1 \u201eHrozba mechanick\u00e9 hudby\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Sousovy obavy z mechanick\u00e9 hudby<\/h3>\n\n

    Ve sv\u00e9 eseji z roku 1906 Sousa vyj\u00e1d\u0159il sv\u00e9 obavy z n\u00e1stupu mechanick\u00e9 hudby, kter\u00e1 podle n\u011bj p\u0159edstavovala hrozbu pro tradi\u010dn\u00ed formy hudebn\u00ed tvorby. Tvrdil, \u017ee nahran\u00e1 hudba povede k \u00fapadku spole\u010densk\u00e9 interakce a hudebn\u00edch dovednost\u00ed, proto\u017ee lid\u00e9 ji\u017e nebudou muset b\u00fdt spolu, aby mohli hr\u00e1t hudbu.<\/p>\n\n

    Sousa m\u011bl zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed obavy z dopadu mechanick\u00e9 hudby na vojensk\u00e9 kapely. Ob\u00e1val se, \u017ee voj\u00e1ci budou do bitvy vedeni stroji m\u00edsto inspirativn\u00edch zvuk\u016f \u017eiv\u00e9 pochodov\u00e9 kapely. Jeho obavy se v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zaly jako neopodstatn\u011bn\u00e9, proto\u017ee vojensk\u00e9 pochodov\u00e9 kapely z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 tradice.<\/p>\n\n

    Ekonomick\u00fd dopad mechanick\u00e9 hudby<\/h3>\n\n

    Krom\u011b sv\u00fdch obav ze soci\u00e1ln\u00edho a kulturn\u00edho dopadu mechanick\u00e9 hudby se Sousa ob\u00e1val tak\u00e9 jej\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed neplatili v\u00fdrobci mechanick\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f skladatel\u016fm tanti\u00e9my za pou\u017eit\u00ed jejich hudby. To znamenalo, \u017ee skladatel\u00e9 nebyli spravedliv\u011b od\u0161kod\u0148ov\u00e1ni za pou\u017eit\u00ed sv\u00fdch d\u011bl, kter\u00e1 mohla b\u00fdt nekone\u010dn\u011b reprodukov\u00e1na a distribuov\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\n

    Sousovy obavy ohledn\u011b pr\u00e1v skladatel\u016f ho vedly k tomu, \u017ee v roce 1906 sv\u011bd\u010dil p\u0159ed Kongresem. Jeho sv\u011bdectv\u00ed pomohlo utv\u00e1\u0159et z\u00e1kon o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech z roku 1909, kter\u00fd poskytoval ochranu skladatel\u016fm a jejich d\u00edl\u016fm. Tato legislativa sehr\u00e1la v\u00fdznamnou roli p\u0159i utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed modern\u00edho hudebn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n\n

    Sousovo d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n

    P\u0159es sv\u016fj odpor k mechanick\u00e9 hudb\u011b Sousa uznal jej\u00ed potenci\u00e1l oslovit \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed publikum. V ran\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch fonograf\u016f Sousa a jeho n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed kapela po\u0159\u00eddili p\u0159es 400 nahr\u00e1vek, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u011bly k popularizaci Sousov\u00fdch pochod\u016f a u\u010dinily z n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed kapely jednu z prvn\u00edch \u201enahr\u00e1vac\u00edch hv\u011bzd\u201c na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

    Sousovo d\u011bdictv\u00ed jako skladatele a kapeln\u00edka je nesporn\u00e9. Jeho pochody se st\u00e1le hraj\u00ed a maj\u00ed publikum po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Jeho obhajoba pr\u00e1v skladatel\u016f m\u011bla tak\u00e9 trval\u00fd dopad na hudebn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl a zajistila, \u017ee skladatel\u00e9 jsou spravedliv\u011b odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ni za svou pr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n\n

    Dopad mechanick\u00e9 hudby na spole\u010dnost<\/h3>\n\n

    A\u010dkoli Sousovy obavy z negativn\u00edho dopadu mechanick\u00e9 hudby nebyly zcela neopodstatn\u011bn\u00e9, je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee nahran\u00e1 hudba m\u011bla tak\u00e9 pozitivn\u00ed vliv na spole\u010dnost. Nahran\u00e1 hudba umo\u017enila lidem u\u017e\u00edvat si hudbu z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a sehr\u00e1la v\u00fdznamnou roli ve v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch hudebn\u00edch \u017e\u00e1nr\u016f a styl\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

    Dnes \u017eijeme v dob\u011b, kdy je nahran\u00e1 hudba v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e1. M\u016f\u017eeme poslouchat hudbu na sv\u00fdch chytr\u00fdch telefonech, po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch a dokonce i hodink\u00e1ch. P\u0159esto\u017ee se Sousa mohl ob\u00e1vat dopadu mechanick\u00e9 hudby na spole\u010dnost, je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee nahran\u00e1 hudba se stala ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161ich \u017eivot\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h3>\n\n

    John Philip Sousa byl slo\u017eit\u00e1 a fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed postava, kter\u00e1 zanechala trval\u00fd odkaz ve sv\u011bt\u011b hudby. Jeho odpor k mechanick\u00e9 hudb\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee ve dne\u0161n\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b zd\u00e1t kuri\u00f3zn\u00ed, ale je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee byl produktem sv\u00e9 doby. Sousovy obavy z dopadu technologie na spole\u010dnost jsou st\u00e1le aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed i dnes a p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed n\u00e1m v\u00fdznam hled\u00e1n\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy mezi inovac\u00ed a tradic\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    John Philip Sousa: Boj kr\u00e1le pochod\u016f proti mechanick\u00e9 hudb\u011b listopadu 1854 se narodil John Philip Sousa, proslul\u00fd \u201ekr\u00e1l pochod\u016f\u201c. Sousa byl vizion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd skladatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159edv\u00eddal p\u0159\u00edchod nahran\u00e9 hudby a jej\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24388,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[327],"tags":[6330,8708,378,8705,8706,8707],"class_list":["post-4845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-music","tag-copyright","tag-composers-rights","tag-music-history","tag-john-philip-sousa","tag-mechanical-music","tag-recorded-music"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4845"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4845\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24389,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4845\/revisions\/24389"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24388"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}