Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura se vyzna\u010duje sv\u00fdmi p\u016fvabn\u00fdmi klasick\u00fdmi proporcemi a symetri\u00ed. Ran\u011b gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 budovy byly postaveny z cihel nebo kamene, pozd\u011bji se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0161tuku. Fas\u00e1dy byly zpo\u010d\u00e1tku jednoduch\u00e9, v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch obdob\u00edch, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad v obdob\u00ed regentsk\u00e9m, se p\u0159idalo v\u00edce ozdob. Charakteristick\u00fdm znakem gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 architektury jsou symetrick\u00e9 kom\u00edny. Domy byly obvykle hlubok\u00e9 dva pokoje a vysok\u00e9 dv\u011b patra, n\u011bkdy se p\u0159idala dal\u0161\u00ed patra a p\u016flpatra. Horn\u00ed patra m\u011bla \u010dasto men\u0161\u00ed okna a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed stropy.<\/p>\n\n
Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura vznikla v Anglii za vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1l\u016f Ji\u0159\u00edho I. a\u017e IV. v letech 1714 a\u017e 1830. Inspirovala se d\u00edlem vlivn\u00e9ho italsk\u00e9ho renesan\u010dn\u00edho architekta Andrey Palladia, kter\u00fd prosazoval pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed proporc\u00ed a symetrie. Palladianismus, o\u017eiven\u00ed Palladiov\u00fdch my\u0161lenek, byl v Brit\u00e1nii popul\u00e1rn\u00ed v letech 1715 a\u017e 1760. V polovin\u011b 18. stolet\u00ed se vyvinula neoklasicistn\u00ed architektura, kter\u00e1 se v\u00edce inspirovala klasick\u00fdmi stavebn\u00edmi styly star\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma a \u0158ecka.<\/p>\n\n
Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura se nepou\u017e\u00edvala pouze v obytn\u00fdch domech, ale tak\u00e9 v kostel\u00edch a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch. V gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed vzkv\u00e9talo dekorativn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed a interi\u00e9rov\u00fd design. Po revolu\u010dn\u00ed v\u00e1lce se Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 za\u010dali odkl\u00e1n\u011bt od britsk\u00fdch asociac\u00ed gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9ho stylu a m\u00edsto toho vyvinuli n\u00e1rodn\u00ed feder\u00e1ln\u00ed styl. Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura za\u017eila obdob\u00ed obrozen\u00ed na konci 19. a po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed v USA i Brit\u00e1nii. Dnes je st\u00e1le obl\u00edben\u00fdm stylem pro p\u0159\u00edm\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u0159adov\u00e9 domy a domy.<\/p>\n\n
Samostatn\u00e9 gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 domy a budovy maj\u00ed \u010dasto honosn\u00e9 vchody s ozdobn\u00fdmi prvky, jako jsou oblouky, sloupy, \u0161t\u00edty a v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159ovit\u00e1 okna nad centr\u00e1ln\u00edmi vstupn\u00edmi dve\u0159mi. \u0158adov\u00e9 gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 domy mohou m\u00edt dve\u0159e na boku i schody vedouc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na chodn\u00edk. \u010casto maj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b viditeln\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b v suter\u00e9nu chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 \u017eelezn\u00fdmi z\u00e1bradl\u00edmi. \u0158adov\u00e9 gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 domy jsou \u010dasto stav\u011bny kolem zahradn\u00edch n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed, aby se vyrovnal nedostatek osobn\u00edho venkovn\u00edho prostoru.<\/p>\n\n
Symetrick\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed oken je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm znakem gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 architektury, s v\u00edced\u00edln\u00fdmi okny s k\u0159\u00eddly, kter\u00e1 propou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed dostatek p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho sv\u011btla. Valbov\u00e9 st\u0159echy, kter\u00e9 se sva\u017euj\u00ed vzh\u016fru ze v\u0161ech stran budovy, jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. N\u011bkdy jsou skryty za parapety, aby st\u0159echa nebyla vid\u011bt z ulice, a zv\u00fd\u0161ila se tak atraktivita chodn\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n
Interi\u00e9ry se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed hranat\u00fdmi objemy m\u00edstnost\u00ed, vysok\u00fdmi stropy, \u0159\u00edmsami, stropn\u00edmi r\u016f\u017eicemi a \u0159\u00edmsami.<\/p>\n\n
Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura je styl koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed architektury, kter\u00e1 se vyzna\u010duje jednoduch\u00fdm, tradi\u010dn\u00edm designem s minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi ozdobami. Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 a pozdn\u011b gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura se vyzna\u010duje velkoryse \u0159e\u0161en\u00fdmi m\u00edstnostmi a t\u0159\u00edpatrov\u00fdmi domy, kde slu\u017eebnictvo bydlelo v men\u0161\u00edm t\u0159et\u00edm pat\u0159e. Viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 architektura je charakteristick\u00e1 svou propracovanou v\u00fdzdobou, bohat\u00fdm zdoben\u00edm a ok\u00e1zal\u00fdm maximalistick\u00fdm designem interi\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n\n
Koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed architektura vznikla ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed. Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 obdob\u00ed trvalo od roku 1714 do roku 1830, zat\u00edmco pozdn\u011b gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 obdob\u00ed trvalo od roku 1830 do roku 1837. N\u00e1sledovala viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 architektura, za vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1lovny Viktorie ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed v letech 1837 a\u017e 1901.<\/p>\n\n
Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura se vyskytuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na severov\u00fdchod\u011b, st\u0159edoz\u00e1pad\u011b a jihu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. P\u0159inesli ji do USA angli\u010dt\u00ed kolonist\u00e9. Mezi pozoruhodn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 architektury v USA pat\u0159\u00ed Connecticut Hall na Yaleov\u011b univerzit\u011b a B\u00edl\u00fd d\u016fm ve Washingtonu, D.C.<\/p>\n\n
Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed se gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura vyskytuje v r\u016fzn\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch, v\u010detn\u011b Buckinghamsk\u00e9ho pal\u00e1ce, kter\u00fd navrhl John Nash. \u0158adov\u00e9 gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 domy jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm jevem v Lond\u00fdn\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch britsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech.<\/p>\n\n
Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura je nad\u010dasov\u00fd styl, kter\u00fd je obdivov\u00e1n a napodobov\u00e1n dodnes. Jej\u00ed p\u016fvabn\u00e9 proporce, st\u0159\u00eddm\u00e1 elegance a velkorys\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho sv\u011btla z n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed obl\u00edbenou volbu pro obytn\u00e9 i komer\u010dn\u00ed budovy.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura: Nad\u010dasov\u00fd styl Charakteristika gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 architektury Gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 architektura se vyzna\u010duje sv\u00fdmi p\u016fvabn\u00fdmi klasick\u00fdmi proporcemi a symetri\u00ed. Ran\u011b gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9 budovy byly postaveny z cihel nebo kamene, pozd\u011bji se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo pou\u017eit\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23718,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[308],"tags":[297,27,8479,10170,10171],"class_list":["post-5837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-architecture","tag-architecture","tag-history","tag-interior-design","tag-neoclassical","tag-palladianism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5837"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5838,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5837\/revisions\/5838"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}