{"id":590,"date":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=590"},"modified":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","slug":"francis-drake-enslaved-africans-roanoke-island","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/uncategorized\/francis-drake-enslaved-africans-roanoke-island\/","title":{"rendered":"Francis Drake a zapomenut\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh zotro\u010den\u00fdch Afri\u010dan\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Francis Drake: P\u0159ivezl prvn\u00ed zotro\u010den\u00e9 Afri\u010dany do Severn\u00ed Ameriky?<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historick\u00fd kontext<\/h2>\n\n<p>V 16. stolet\u00ed byly Anglie a \u0160pan\u011blsko tvrd\u00fdmi rivaly v boji o kontrolu nad Nov\u00fdm sv\u011btem. Korz\u00e1\u0159i, jako byl sir Francis Drake, sehr\u00e1li v tomto konfliktu kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli, kdy\u017e p\u0159epad\u00e1vali \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 osady a zmoc\u0148ovali se jejich bohatstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Drake\u016fv karibsk\u00fd n\u00e1jezd<\/h2>\n\n<p>V roce 1585 vedl Drake rozs\u00e1hlou v\u00fdpravu do Karibiku, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem byl bohat\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstav Cartagena. Mezi jeho ko\u0159ist pat\u0159ili zotro\u010den\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edci z Afriky a Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edjezd na ostrov Roanoke<\/h2>\n\n<p>Se svou flotilou nalo\u017eenou zotro\u010den\u00fdmi lidmi vyplul Drake na sever k ostrovu Roanoke, kde angli\u010dt\u00ed kolonist\u00e9 zalo\u017eili p\u0159edchoz\u00edho roku osadu. Kolonist\u00e9 se pot\u00fdkali s probl\u00e9my a Drake jim poskytl z\u00e1soby a posily, v\u010detn\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch sv\u00fdch zotro\u010den\u00fdch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ztracen\u00e1 kolonie<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u00e1hl\u00e1 bou\u0159e v\u0161ak rozpt\u00fdlila Drakeovu flotilu a kolonist\u00e9 ho prosili, aby je vzal zp\u011bt do Anglie. Drake souhlasil a osadn\u00edci opustili ostrov Roanoke. Osud t\u011bchto zotro\u010den\u00fdch osob z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1hadou.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quinnova teorie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Uzn\u00e1van\u00fd historik David Beers Quinn navrhl, \u017ee Drake nechal zotro\u010den\u00e9 lidi na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Karol\u00edny a vybavil je z\u00e1sobami ze St. Augustine, \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny, kterou vyplenil.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Alternativn\u00ed hypot\u00e9zy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jin\u00ed historici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zotro\u010den\u00ed Afri\u010dan\u00e9 a Jihoameri\u010dan\u00e9 se utopili v bou\u0159i nebo byli prod\u00e1ni na cest\u011b do Anglie. Nedostatek d\u016fkaz\u016f zt\u011b\u017euje ur\u010den\u00ed jejich kone\u010dn\u00e9ho osudu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nejasn\u00e1 historie<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159es historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam Drakeova n\u00e1jezdu a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost zotro\u010den\u00fdch Afri\u010dan\u016f na ostrov\u011b Roanoke byl jejich p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry zapomenut. Historici p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed tuto nejasnost p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm postoj\u016fm t\u00e9 doby, kter\u00e9 marginalizovaly zku\u0161enosti zotro\u010den\u00fdch lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edtomnost zotro\u010den\u00fdch Afri\u010dan\u016f na ostrov\u011b Roanoke by m\u011bla d\u016fsledky pro na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed ran\u00e9 anglick\u00e9 kolonizace Severn\u00ed Ameriky. Nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed otrock\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce bylo ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed anglick\u00fdch koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch ambic\u00ed od sam\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku, nejen v Jamestownu v roce 1619.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n<p>Archiv\u00e1\u0159i a archeologov\u00e9 d\u00e1le hledaj\u00ed d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 by mohly objasnit osud Drakeov\u00fdch zotro\u010den\u00fdch pasa\u017e\u00e9r\u016f. Nov\u00e9 objevy by mohly p\u0159epsat na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed role zotro\u010den\u00fdch Afri\u010dan\u016f v ran\u00fdch anglick\u00fdch osad\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova s dlouh\u00fdm \u0445\u0432\u043estem:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V\u00fdznam otrock\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v ran\u00e9 anglick\u00e9 kolonizaci<\/li>\n<li>Role ostrova Roanoke v ran\u00e9 historii otroctv\u00ed v Severn\u00ed Americe<\/li>\n<li>Dopad Drakeova n\u00e1jezdu na \u0161pan\u011blskou koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161i<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdzvy a nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00fdm \u010delili zotro\u010den\u00ed Afri\u010dan\u00e9 v Nov\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b<\/li>\n<li>Neust\u00e1l\u00e9 hled\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f o ztracen\u00fdch osad\u00e1ch a zotro\u010den\u00fdch populac\u00edch<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Francis Drake: P\u0159ivezl prvn\u00ed zotro\u010den\u00e9 Afri\u010dany do Severn\u00ed Ameriky? Historick\u00fd kontext V 16. stolet\u00ed byly Anglie a \u0160pan\u011blsko tvrd\u00fdmi rivaly v boji o kontrolu nad Nov\u00fdm sv\u011btem. Korz\u00e1\u0159i, jako byl&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23369,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1475,1473,1185,765,1477,1474,1476],"class_list":["post-590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-enslaved-africans","tag-francis-drake","tag-colonialism","tag-slavery","tag-early-american-history","tag-roanoke-island","tag-lost-colony"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":591,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/590\/revisions\/591"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}