{"id":6774,"date":"2021-08-07T05:24:14","date_gmt":"2021-08-07T05:24:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=6774"},"modified":"2021-08-07T05:24:14","modified_gmt":"2021-08-07T05:24:14","slug":"how-to-grow-and-care-for-cardamom-plants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/gardening\/how-to-grow-and-care-for-cardamom-plants\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010de o kardamom doma: Krok za krokem"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010de o kardamom<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Botanick\u00fd p\u016fvod a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), \u010dlen z\u00e1zvorovit\u00e9 \u010deledi, se p\u011bstuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro sv\u00e1 aromatick\u00e1 semena, kter\u00e1 se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako ko\u0159en\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsada v kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravc\u00edch. Tato vytrval\u00e1 bylina se vyv\u00edj\u00ed z tlust\u00fdch, hl\u00edzovit\u00fdch podzemn\u00edch oddenk\u016f a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1lezelenou rostlinu se vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u00fdmi stonky a leskl\u00fdmi, kopinat\u00fdmi listy. Pozdn\u00edm jarem nebo v l\u00e9t\u011b vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed z b\u00e1ze rostliny bezlist\u00e9 kv\u011btn\u00ed stonky, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed \u017elutob\u00edl\u00e9 kv\u011bty p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed orchideje. Kv\u011bty vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed bled\u011b \u017elutozelen\u00e9 lusky se semeny, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed 15 a\u017e 20 aromatick\u00fdch semen b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v r\u016fzn\u00fdch kuchyn\u00edch a n\u00e1poj\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u011bstebn\u00ed techniky:<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdsadba:**<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Kardamomu se da\u0159\u00ed v tropick\u00fdch oblastech s vydatn\u00fdmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami a teplotami nad 70 \u00b0F. Vysazujte venku, jakmile jsou teploty trvale tepl\u00e9. Pokud se p\u011bstuje uvnit\u0159, nemus\u00ed vykv\u00e9st ani nevytvo\u0159it lusky se semeny.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00fdb\u011br stanovi\u0161t\u011b:<\/strong> Vyberte m\u00edsto v jedl\u00e9 zahrad\u011b nebo de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrad\u011b s polost\u00ednem, dob\u0159e odvodn\u011bnou p\u016fdou a kysel\u00fdm pH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rozestupy a hloubka:<\/strong> Kardamomov\u00e1 semena s\u00e1zejte 1\/2 a\u017e 1 palec od sebe, asi 1\/8 palce hluboko, na polostinn\u00e9 m\u00edsto. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b m\u016f\u017eete vys\u00e9vat semena do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v interi\u00e9ru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00e9\u010de:**<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sv\u011btlo:<\/strong> Kardamom d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost polost\u00ednu a\u017e pln\u00e9mu st\u00ednu. Vyhn\u011bte se v\u00fdsadb\u011b na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m slunci.<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u016fda:<\/strong> Kardamomu se da\u0159\u00ed v \u00farodn\u00e9, hlinit\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b s p\u0159idan\u00fdm listov\u00fdm humusem nebo granulovanou k\u016frou pro optim\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u016fst na siln\u00e9m, nefiltrovan\u00e9m sv\u011btle s vysokou vlhkost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Voda:<\/strong> Pravideln\u011b zal\u00e9vejte a \u010dasto ros\u00edte de\u0161\u0165ovou vodou, abyste udr\u017eeli trvale vlhk\u00e9 podm\u00ednky p\u016fdy. Vyhn\u011bte se p\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Teplota a vlhkost:<\/strong> Kardamom vy\u017eaduje tropick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro tvorbu plod\u016f. Vysazujte tam, kde teploty z\u0159\u00eddka klesnou pod 72 \u00b0F. V chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm podneb\u00ed p\u011bstujte uvnit\u0159 ve vyh\u0159\u00edvan\u00fdch sklen\u00edc\u00edch nebo ve vlhk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad v koupeln\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hnojivo:<\/strong> Dvakr\u00e1t m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed aplikujte organick\u00e9 hnojivo s vysok\u00fdm obsahem fosforu. Dopl\u0148ujte kompost ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Opylov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Kardamomov\u00e9 rostliny obvykle opyluj\u00ed v\u010dely a jin\u00fd hmyz. V oblastech s nedostatkem v\u010del m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nutn\u00e9 ru\u010dn\u00ed opylov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Druhy kardamomu:**<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kardamom pat\u0159\u00ed do dvou hlavn\u00edch lini\u00ed rod\u016f: Elettaria a Amomum.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zelen\u00fd kardamom (Elettaria cardamomum):<\/strong> Tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako prav\u00fd kardamom, tento druh poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Indie a\u017e po Malajsii. M\u00e1 slad\u0161\u00ed, eukalyptovou chu\u0165.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u010cern\u00fd kardamom (Amomum subulatum):<\/strong> Tento druh, poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z Nep\u00e1lu a \u010c\u00edny, m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kou\u0159ovou chu\u0165 s t\u00f3ny kafru nebo mentolu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sklize\u0148:**<\/h3>\n\n<p>Lusky se semeny kardamomu skl\u00edzejte ru\u010dn\u011b, jakmile za\u010dnou praskat. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b je lze snadno vyt\u00e1hnout z rostliny, kdy\u017e jsou zral\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mno\u017een\u00ed:**<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kardamom mno\u017e\u00edme d\u011blen\u00edm struktury ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho oddenku nebo v\u00fdsevem semen.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch:**<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kardamom lze \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u011bstovat v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch. Pou\u017eijte n\u00e1dobu hlubokou nejm\u00e9n\u011b 1 stopu a \u0161irokou 6 palc\u016f s dostate\u010dn\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm odtokov\u00fdch otvor\u016f. Zajist\u011bte vlhkou, hlinitou p\u016fdu a rostlinu udr\u017eujte v interi\u00e9ru za chladn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u011b\u017en\u00ed \u0161k\u016fdci a choroby:**<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kardamom je obecn\u011b bez \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f, ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1chyln\u00fd k t\u0159\u00e1snok\u0159\u00eddl\u00fdm nebo viru mozaiky kardamomu. Viru zabra\u0148te regulac\u00ed m\u0161ic.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f:**<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nedostatek kv\u011btenstv\u00ed nebo tvorby lusk\u016f se semeny:<\/strong> To se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t p\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v interi\u00e9ru kv\u016fli nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu osv\u011btlen\u00ed, vlhkosti nebo regulaci teploty.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u017dloutnut\u00ed list\u016f:<\/strong> P\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo nedostatek \u017eivin m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit \u017eloutnut\u00ed. Upravte frekvenci z\u00e1livky a hnojte podle pot\u0159eby.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zakrsl\u00fd r\u016fst:<\/strong> Chladn\u00e9 teploty nebo nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo mohou br\u00e1nit r\u016fstu. Zajist\u011bte teplo a dostate\u010dnou expozici sv\u011btlu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010de o kardamom Botanick\u00fd p\u016fvod a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti: Kardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), \u010dlen z\u00e1zvorovit\u00e9 \u010deledi, se p\u011bstuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro sv\u00e1 aromatick\u00e1 semena, kter\u00e1 se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako ko\u0159en\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsada&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[11213,9447,11214,11215,10448],"class_list":["post-6774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gardening","tag-cardamom","tag-culinary-herbs","tag-spice-cultivation","tag-tropical-gardening","tag-herbaceous-perennials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6774","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6774"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6774\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6775,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6774\/revisions\/6775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6774"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6774"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6774"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}