V roce 1900 se poda\u0159il pozoruhodn\u00fd v\u00fdkon, kdy\u017e Nevil Maskelyne, uzn\u00e1van\u00fd kouzeln\u00edk a astronom, zachytil prvn\u00ed pohybliv\u00e9 obrazy zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce. Pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u011b navr\u017een\u00e9ho teleskopick\u00e9ho adapt\u00e9ru pro filmovou kameru se Maskelyne vydal na cestu, aby zdokumentoval tuto nebeskou ud\u00e1lost v Severn\u00ed Karol\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Maskelynovo okouzlen\u00ed filmem a astronomi\u00ed se prol\u00ednalo cel\u00fdm jeho \u017eivotem. Jeho otec, John Nevil Maskelyne, byl tak\u00e9 kouzeln\u00edkem a pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem filmu, zat\u00edmco s\u00e1m Maskelyne byl \u010dlenem Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Poh\u00e1n\u011bn touhou vyu\u017e\u00edt s\u00edlu filmu pro v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, se Maskelyne rozhodl nato\u010dit \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce.<\/p>\n\n
Maskelyneho prvn\u00ed pokus nato\u010dit \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed v Indii v roce 1898 skon\u010dil zklam\u00e1n\u00edm, kdy\u017e byla filmov\u00e1 kazeta ukradena. Neodradilo ho to a v roce 1900 odcestoval do Severn\u00ed Karol\u00edny, financov\u00e1n Britskou astronomickou asociac\u00ed. Tentokr\u00e1t \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b zachytil zatm\u011bn\u00ed na film a zachoval tak vz\u00e1cn\u00fd pohled na tento astronomick\u00fd jev.<\/p>\n\n
O v\u00edce ne\u017e stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 astronomick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost znovuobjevila minutov\u00fd \u00faryvek Maskelynova filmu ve sv\u00fdch archivech. Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Britsk\u00fdm filmov\u00fdm institutem (BFI) spole\u010dnost pe\u010dliv\u011b restaurovala ka\u017ed\u00fd sn\u00edmek pomoc\u00ed nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologie a naskenovala jej v rozli\u0161en\u00ed 4K. V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed verze je nyn\u00ed k dispozici online, aby ji mohl cel\u00fd sv\u011bt vid\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n
Restaurov\u00e1n\u00ed Maskelynova filmu zd\u016fraz\u0148uje soub\u011bh magie, um\u011bn\u00ed a v\u011bdy. Jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 Bryony Dixonov\u00e1, kur\u00e1torka n\u011bm\u00fdch film\u016f v BFI: \u201eFilm, stejn\u011b jako magie, kombinuje um\u011bn\u00ed i v\u011bdu.\u201c Maskelynova v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 pro ob\u011b oblasti mu umo\u017enila vytvo\u0159it pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9 d\u00edlo, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ekra\u010duje hranice.<\/p>\n\n
Maskelynovy p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky do oblasti astronomie p\u0159es\u00e1hly jeho film o zatm\u011bn\u00ed. Byl jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch pr\u016fkopn\u00edk\u016f zpomalen\u00e9ho filmu a pom\u00e1hal britsk\u00e9mu ministerstvu v\u00e1lky analyzovat d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9 gran\u00e1ty za letu. Jeho inovativn\u00ed duch a ochota zkoumat nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 zanechaly trval\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed jak ve v\u011bd\u011b, tak v z\u00e1bav\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Krom\u011b sv\u00fdch astronomick\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f hr\u00e1l Maskelyne tak\u00e9 roli v historii technologie. V roce 1903 byl najat telegrafn\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed, aby naru\u0161il demonstraci Guglielma Marconiho nov\u011b vynalezen\u00e9ho r\u00e1dia. Maskelyneovi se \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b poda\u0159ilo p\u0159eru\u0161it Marconiho p\u0159enos, co\u017e z t\u00e9to ud\u00e1losti u\u010dinilo prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fd technologick\u00fd hack.<\/p>\n\n
Restaurov\u00e1n\u00ed Maskelynova filmu o zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka d\u016fle\u017eitosti zachov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161eho kinematografick\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed. Tento vz\u00e1cn\u00fd a cenn\u00fd dokument poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch filmu a astronomie. D\u00edky zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed online Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 astronomick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a BFI zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee Maskelynovo d\u011bdictv\u00ed bude i nad\u00e1le inspirovat budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nejstar\u0161\u00ed film zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce: Cesta histori\u00ed \u00dasvit astronomick\u00e9 kinematografie V roce 1900 se poda\u0159il pozoruhodn\u00fd v\u00fdkon, kdy\u017e Nevil Maskelyne, uzn\u00e1van\u00fd kouzeln\u00edk a astronom, zachytil prvn\u00ed pohybliv\u00e9 obrazy zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce. Pomoc\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24242,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[437],"tags":[435,1656,1657,1227,1655],"class_list":["post-680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomy","tag-astronomy","tag-film-history","tag-magic","tag-science-and-art","tag-solar-eclipse"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=680"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24243,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680\/revisions\/24243"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}