{"id":6881,"date":"2019-09-28T22:35:38","date_gmt":"2019-09-28T22:35:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=6881"},"modified":"2019-09-28T22:35:38","modified_gmt":"2019-09-28T22:35:38","slug":"beaux-arts-architecture-a-classical-style-with-modern-relevance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/architecture\/beaux-arts-architecture-a-classical-style-with-modern-relevance\/","title":{"rendered":"Architektura Beaux-Arts: Klasick\u00fd styl s modern\u00ed relevanc\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Beaux-Arts architektura: Klasick\u00fd styl s modern\u00ed relevanc\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historie architektury Beaux-Arts<\/h2>\n\n<p>Architektura Beaux-Arts vznikla v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei na konci 19. stolet\u00ed a sv\u016fj n\u00e1zev z\u00edskala podle \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts, kde se vyu\u010dovala. Architekti stylu Beaux-Arts, inspirovan\u00ed velikost\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho a \u0159eck\u00e9ho klasicismu, sm\u00edchali tyto prvky s vlivy francouzsk\u00e9 a italsk\u00e9 renesance a baroka.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tento architektonick\u00fd styl si rychle z\u00edskal popularitu ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech b\u011bhem tzv. Gilded Age (Pozlacen\u00e9ho v\u011bku) d\u00edky americk\u00fdm architekt\u016fm, jako byli Richard Morris Hunt a Charles McKim, kte\u0159\u00ed studovali na \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts. Sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00fdstava v Chicagu v roce 1893 p\u0159edstavila velkolep\u00fd prototyp Beaux-Arts, co\u017e tento styl je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zpopularizovalo.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Charakteristika architektury Beaux-Arts<\/h2>\n\n<p>Architektura Beaux-Arts se vyzna\u010duje sv\u00fdmi klasick\u00fdmi prvky, jako jsou sloupy, \u0159\u00edmsy a troj\u00faheln\u00edkov\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty. Symetrie je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm prvkem, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e budovy \u010dasto maj\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed osu nebo pr\u016f\u010del\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed charakteristick\u00e9 rysy pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Eklektick\u00e1 sm\u011bs propracovan\u00fdch dekorativn\u00edch prvk\u016f z italsk\u00e9 a francouzsk\u00e9 renesan\u010dn\u00ed architektury<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je k\u00e1men, mramor, v\u00e1penec nebo cihla<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 prvn\u00ed patro<\/li>\n<li>Kolon\u00e1dy a pavilony<\/li>\n<li>Sochy, postavy a dal\u0161\u00ed socha\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fdzdoba na fas\u00e1d\u00e1ch budov<\/li>\n<li>Obloukov\u00e1 okna a dve\u0159e<\/li>\n<li>Velk\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed haly a schodi\u0161t\u011b uvnit\u0159, s hierarchi\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostor<\/li>\n<li>Dekorativn\u00ed \u0161tukov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce a propracovan\u00fd interi\u00e9rov\u00fd design, \u010dasto s reprodukcemi evropsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bytku<\/li>\n<li>Form\u00e1ln\u00ed zahrady a upraven\u00e9 pozemky<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pozoruhodn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady architektury Beaux-Arts<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mnoho ikonick\u00fdch budov po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b je p\u0159\u00edkladem architektury Beaux-Arts, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Grand Central Terminal v New Yorku (1913)<\/li>\n<li>Budova Thomase Jeffersona v Kongresov\u00e9 knihovn\u011b ve Washingtonu, D.C. (1897)<\/li>\n<li>Art Institute of Chicago (1893)<\/li>\n<li>Mus\u00e9e d&#8217;Orsay v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei (1900)<\/li>\n<li>Grand Palais v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei (1900)<\/li>\n<li>The Breakers v Newportu na Rhode Islandu (1893)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdvoj a ochrana architektury Beaux-Arts<\/h2>\n\n<p>Architektura Beaux-Arts dos\u00e1hla sv\u00e9ho vrcholu na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, ale po velk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krizi jej\u00ed popularita poklesla. Mnoho budov Beaux-Arts v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jako cen\u011bn\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky a historick\u00e9 pam\u011btihodnosti.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ochrana architektury Beaux-Arts p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdzvy kv\u016fli jej\u00edm slo\u017eit\u00fdm detail\u016fm a nutnosti specializovan\u00fdch restaur\u00e1torsk\u00fdch technik. Organizace jako National Trust for Historic Preservation hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v ochran\u011b a restaurov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto architektonick\u00fdch poklad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trval\u00fd odkaz architektury Beaux-Arts<\/h2>\n\n<p>Architektura Beaux-Arts i nad\u00e1le inspiruje modern\u00ed architekty a design\u00e9ry. Jej\u00ed klasick\u00e9 prvky a d\u016fraz na symetrii a velkolepost na\u0161ly nov\u00fd v\u00fdraz v sou\u010dasn\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch, co\u017e dokazuje nad\u010dasovou p\u0159ita\u017elivost tohoto architektonick\u00e9ho stylu.<\/p>\n\n<p>A\u0165 u\u017e obdivujeme velikost Grand Central Terminal nebo \u017easneme nad propracovan\u00fdmi detaily The Breakers, architektura Beaux-Arts nep\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 fascinovat a inspirovat a zanech\u00e1v\u00e1 trval\u00fd odkaz v zastav\u011bn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Beaux-Arts architektura: Klasick\u00fd styl s modern\u00ed relevanc\u00ed Historie architektury Beaux-Arts Architektura Beaux-Arts vznikla v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei na konci 19. stolet\u00ed a sv\u016fj n\u00e1zev z\u00edskala podle \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts, kde se vyu\u010dovala.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[308],"tags":[11332,11329,8686,11330,11331,1289],"class_list":["post-6881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-architecture","tag-architectural-styles","tag-beaux-arts-architecture","tag-historical-monuments","tag-classical-architecture","tag-landmark-buildings","tag-art-and-architecture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6881"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6882,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6881\/revisions\/6882"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}