{"id":7861,"date":"2022-10-30T21:41:55","date_gmt":"2022-10-30T21:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=7861"},"modified":"2022-10-30T21:41:55","modified_gmt":"2022-10-30T21:41:55","slug":"early-blight-common-tomato-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/gardening\/early-blight-common-tomato-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148: \u010cast\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed raj\u010dat"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148: \u010cast\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je to ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 je houbov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 postihuje raj\u010data a zp\u016fsobuje skvrny na listech, stonc\u00edch a plodech. Zp\u016fsobuje ji houba <em>Alternaria solani<\/em>. Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 je b\u011b\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m p\u011bstitel\u016f raj\u010dat, zejm\u00e9na v tepl\u00e9m a vlhk\u00e9m podneb\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edznaky ran\u00e9 pl\u00edsn\u011b<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee postihnout v\u0161echny \u010d\u00e1sti rostliny raj\u010dete, v\u010detn\u011b list\u016f, stonk\u016f a plod\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Listy:<\/strong> Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 se obvykle nejprve objev\u00ed na star\u0161\u00edch listech. Na listech se objevuj\u00ed tmav\u00e9 skvrny s koncentrick\u00fdmi kruhy, kter\u00e9 nakonec ze\u017eloutnou a odum\u0159ou.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stonky:<\/strong> Tmav\u00e9 l\u00e9ze na stonc\u00edch za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed b\u00fdt mal\u00e9 a jsou m\u00edrn\u011b zapu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9. Jak rostou, prodlu\u017euj\u00ed se a za\u010dnete pozorovat koncentrick\u00e9 znaky, jako jsou skvrny na listech. Skvrny, kter\u00e9 se tvo\u0159\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti \u00farovn\u011b zem\u011b, mohou zp\u016fsobit ur\u010dit\u00e9 za\u0161krcen\u00ed stonku nebo hnil\u043e\u0431\u0443 ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho kr\u010dku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Plody:<\/strong> Pokud se ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 dostane na plody, skvrny za\u010dnou u stopky a vytvo\u0159\u00ed tmavou, ko\u017eovitou, zapu\u0161t\u011bnou oblast s koncentrick\u00fdmi kruhy. Mohou b\u00fdt posti\u017eeny jak zelen\u00e1, tak zral\u00e1 raj\u010data.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sazenice:<\/strong> Posti\u017een\u00e9 sazenice budou m\u00edt tmav\u00e9 skvrny na listech a stonc\u00edch. Mohou dokonce vyvinout nemoc na sv\u00fdch d\u011blo\u017en\u00edch l\u00edstc\u00edch. Stonky \u010dasto skon\u010d\u00ed za\u0161krcen\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny ran\u00e9 pl\u00edsn\u011b<\/h2>\n\n<p>Houba, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje ranou pl\u00edse\u0148, m\u016f\u017ee poch\u00e1zet z mnoha zdroj\u016f. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v p\u016fd\u011b nebo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ji\u017e na semenech nebo sazenic\u00edch, kter\u00e9 si zakoup\u00edte. Dokonce m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ezimovat v nemocn\u00fdch zbytc\u00edch va\u0161ich raj\u010datov\u00fdch rostlin a m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat v p\u016fd\u011b nebo zbytc\u00edch po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b jednoho roku. P\u0159esto\u017ee se ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee vyskytnout za jak\u00e9hokoli po\u010das\u00ed, up\u0159ednost\u0148uje vlhk\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, jako je \u010dast\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 nebo dokonce siln\u00e1 rosa.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kontrola a prevence ran\u00e9 pl\u00edsn\u011b<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy raj\u010dat nab\u00edzej\u00ed ur\u010ditou odolnost v\u016f\u010di ran\u00e9 pl\u00edsni, i kdy\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z nich nen\u00ed v\u016f\u010di n\u00ed zcela imunn\u00ed. I kdy\u017e si koup\u00edte odolnou odr\u016fdu, je ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 velmi \u010dast\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem u raj\u010datov\u00fdch rostlin a mo\u017en\u00e1 se j\u00ed nebudete moci \u00fapln\u011b vyhnout. Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed v\u00e1m v\u0161ak mohou pomoci udr\u017eet ji pod kontrolou a p\u0159edej\u00edt probl\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kontrola<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zajist\u011bte rostlin\u00e1m dostatek prostoru. Dobr\u00e1 cirkulace vzduchu pom\u016f\u017ee udr\u017eet rostliny such\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159iva\u017ete nebo zakryjte raj\u010datov\u00e9 rostliny, abyste zajistili, \u017ee se listov\u00ed nedot\u00fdk\u00e1 zem\u011b a dr\u017e\u00ed se d\u00e1l od spor.<\/li>\n<li>Sledujte sv\u00e9 rostliny, zejm\u00e9na za mokr\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed nebo pokud jsou va\u0161e rostliny ve stresu. Pokud spat\u0159\u00edte zn\u00e1mky pl\u00edsn\u011b na jedn\u00e9 rostlin\u011b, je va\u0161\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed rostlinu odstranit. Nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed budou fungicidy obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky penthiopyrad nebo boskalid.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prevence<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kupujte semena a sazenice z d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a p\u0159ed vlo\u017een\u00edm do zahrady zkontrolujte v\u0161echny rostliny.<\/li>\n<li>Proto\u017ee ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ezimovat na rostlinn\u00fdch zbytc\u00edch a v p\u016fd\u011b, je nezbytn\u00e1 sanitace. Na konci sez\u00f3ny odstra\u0148te v\u0161echny zbytky rostlin.<\/li>\n<li>Pokud dojde k propuknut\u00ed ran\u00e9 pl\u00edsn\u011b, najd\u011bte si jin\u00e9 m\u00edsto, kam budete p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok s\u00e1zet raj\u010data, i kdy\u017e jsou v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<li>Nep\u011bstujte rostliny lilku (Solanum), jako jsou lilky, brambory a papriky, spole\u010dn\u011b s raj\u010daty, abyste zabr\u00e1nili vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9mu p\u0159enosu stejn\u00fdch infekc\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho si bu\u010fte v\u011bdomi spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch doprovodn\u00fdch v\u00fdsadeb s raj\u010daty, abyste se vyhnuli pl\u00edsn\u00edm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odr\u016fdy raj\u010dat s ur\u010ditou odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di ran\u00e9 pl\u00edsni<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u0161echny tyto odr\u016fdy jsou pon\u011bkud odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di ran\u00e9 pl\u00edsni, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z nich nen\u00ed zcela imunn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aunt Ginny&#8217;s Purple<\/li>\n<li>Big Rainbow<\/li>\n<li>Black Plum<\/li>\n<li>Juliet<\/li>\n<li>Legend<\/li>\n<li>Manyel<\/li>\n<li>Matt&#8217;s Wild Cherry<\/li>\n<li>Mountain Supreme<\/li>\n<li>Mountain Fresh Plus<\/li>\n<li>Old Brooks<\/li>\n<li>Tigerella (zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako Mr. Stripey)<\/li>\n<li>Tommy Toe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 dotazy<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 raj\u010dat v p\u016fd\u011b?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdtrusy ran\u00e9 a septoriov\u00e9 skvrnitosti list\u016f mohou p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt v zemi, a to i p\u0159es zimu, ale pozdn\u00ed pl\u00edse\u0148 zimu nep\u0159e\u017eije. Ran\u00e1 a septoriov\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 se mohou v p\u016fd\u011b vracet rok co rok, pokud nejsou o\u0161et\u0159eny nebo \u0159e\u0161eny preventivn\u00edmi metodami, jako je st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed plodin.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u016f\u017eete st\u00e1le j\u00edst raj\u010data s pl\u00edsn\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pl\u00edse\u0148 nem\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bka postihnout, ale houba m\u016f\u017ee v zelenin\u011b zp\u016fsobit jin\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a chu\u0165 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt naru\u0161ena. Pokud uvid\u00edte bezvadn\u00e9 raj\u010de, ale zasa\u017een\u00e9 listy, zkuste zeleninu vz\u00edt a sn\u00edst nebo zava\u0159it, ne\u017e d\u00e1le onemocn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160\u00ed\u0159\u00ed se pl\u00edse\u0148 raj\u010dat na jin\u00e9 rostliny?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ano, pl\u00edse\u0148 raj\u010dat se m\u016f\u017ee \u0161\u00ed\u0159it na jin\u00e9 rostliny, jako jsou brambory a lilkovit\u00e9 zeleniny.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak sterilizovat p\u016fdu po pl\u00edsni raj\u010dat?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Fungicidy mohou zab\u00edjet v\u00fdtrusy pl\u00edsn\u00ed, ale solarizace p\u016fdy je dal\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak sterilizovat p\u016fdn\u00ed patogeny, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed pl\u00edsn\u011b. Solarizace p\u016fdy je metoda, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010dir\u00fd plastov\u00fd kryt k p\u0159iveden\u00ed p\u016fdy k vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m zachycenou radia\u010dn\u00ed energi\u00ed ze slunce, aby zabila patogeny.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148: \u010cast\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed raj\u010dat Co je to ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148? Ran\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148 je houbov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 postihuje raj\u010data a zp\u016fsobuje skvrny na listech, stonc\u00edch a plodech. Zp\u016fsobuje ji houba Alternaria&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[12321,12320,8848,1756,287],"class_list":["post-7861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gardening","tag-tomato-disease","tag-early-blight","tag-gardening","tag-plant-health","tag-agriculture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7861"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7862,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861\/revisions\/7862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}