{"id":7903,"date":"2020-04-05T05:40:16","date_gmt":"2020-04-05T05:40:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=7903"},"modified":"2020-04-05T05:40:16","modified_gmt":"2020-04-05T05:40:16","slug":"rain-gardens-natural-stormwater-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/environment\/rain-gardens-natural-stormwater-management\/","title":{"rendered":"De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady: P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s de\u0161\u0165ovou vodou"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady: P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s de\u0161\u0165ovou vodou<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 zahrada?<\/h2>\n\n<p>De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 zahrada je upraven\u00e1 prohlube\u0148 os\u00e1zen\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00edmi rostlinami, kter\u00e9 zachyt\u00e1vaj\u00ed, do\u010dasn\u011b zadr\u017euj\u00ed a filtruj\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e vte\u010de do kanaliza\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu pro de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu. De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady napodobuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my a poskytuj\u00ed \u0159adu v\u00fdhod, v\u010detn\u011b sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed odtoku, zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality vody a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed stanovi\u0161\u0165 pro divokou zv\u011b\u0159.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak funguj\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady?<\/h2>\n\n<p>De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady zpomaluj\u00ed a zasakuj\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu odt\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00ed z nepropustn\u00fdch povrch\u016f, jako jsou st\u0159echy, p\u0159\u00edjezdov\u00e9 cesty a terasy. Rostliny v zahrad\u011b absorbuj\u00ed vodu sv\u00fdmi hlubok\u00fdmi ko\u0159eny, co\u017e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 filtrovat zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky a p\u0159edch\u00e1zet erozi. Voda je pak pomalu uvol\u0148ov\u00e1na zp\u011bt do zem\u011b, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se dopl\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00e1soby podzemn\u00ed vody a sni\u017euje se riziko povodn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdhody de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch zahrad<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zachov\u00e1n\u00ed vody:<\/strong> De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady zachyt\u00e1vaj\u00ed a zadr\u017euj\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e sni\u017euj\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed vody, kter\u00e9 odt\u00e9k\u00e1 do kanalizace pro de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu. To pom\u00e1h\u00e1 chr\u00e1nit vodn\u00ed zdroje a sni\u017eovat z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e obecn\u00edch vodovodn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality vody:<\/strong> Rostliny v de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch absorbuj\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky z de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 vody, jako jsou nadbyte\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eiviny, oleje a sedimenty. To pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zlep\u0161ovat kvalitu vody v m\u00edstn\u00edch vodn\u00edch toc\u00edch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kontrola eroze:<\/strong> Hlubok\u00e9 ko\u0159eny p\u016fvodn\u00edch rostlin v de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch pom\u00e1haj\u00ed stabilizovat p\u016fdu a p\u0159edch\u00e1zet erozi. To je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v oblastech se strm\u00fdmi svahy nebo nestabiln\u00edmi p\u016fdami.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stanovi\u0161t\u011b pro divokou zv\u011b\u0159:<\/strong> De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady poskytuj\u00ed potravu a \u00fakryt pro celou \u0159adu divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e, v\u010detn\u011b pt\u00e1k\u016f, mot\u00fdl\u016f a \u017eab. Rozmanitost rostlin p\u0159itahuje hmyz, kter\u00fd n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159itahuje pt\u00e1ky a jin\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Estetika:<\/strong> De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady lze navrhnout tak, aby byly kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 i funk\u010dn\u00ed. Mohou b\u00fdt za\u010dlen\u011bny do st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed krajiny nebo vytvo\u0159eny jako samostatn\u00e9 prvky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady<\/h2>\n\n<p>Prvn\u00edm krokem p\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady je v\u00fdb\u011br vhodn\u00e9ho m\u00edsta. Zahrada by m\u011bla b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bna na n\u00edzk\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b ve va\u0161\u00ed krajin\u011b, kam p\u0159it\u00e9k\u00e1 voda z nepropustn\u00fdch povrch\u016f. M\u011bla by b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 alespo\u0148 10 stop od va\u0161eho domu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo po\u0161kozen\u00ed vodou na z\u00e1kladech.<\/p>\n\n<p>Velikost de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady bude z\u00e1viset na mno\u017estv\u00ed odtoku, kter\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1te. Mal\u00e1 zahrada je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1, ale v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zahrada bude \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i zachyt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 vody.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jakmile vyberete m\u00edsto, mus\u00edte p\u0159ipravit p\u016fdu. P\u016fda by m\u011bla b\u00fdt dob\u0159e odvodn\u011bn\u00e1 a vylep\u0161en\u00e1 organickou hmotou, aby se zlep\u0161ila jej\u00ed schopnost zadr\u017eovat vodu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdb\u011br rostlin pro de\u0161\u0165ovou zahradu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rostliny, kter\u00e9 si vyberete do sv\u00e9 de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady, by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u016fvodn\u00ed pro va\u0161i oblast a p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00edmu podneb\u00ed a p\u016fdn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. P\u016fvodn\u00ed rostliny maj\u00ed hlubok\u00e9 ko\u0159eny, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed absorbovat de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu a p\u0159edch\u00e1zet erozi. Je tak\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159il\u00e1kaj\u00ed divokou zv\u011b\u0159.<\/p>\n\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru rostlin zva\u017ete n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Okraje:<\/strong> Rostliny na okraji zahrady by m\u011bly b\u00fdt schopny tolerovat such\u00e9 podm\u00ednky.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Svahy:<\/strong> Rostliny na svaz\u00edch by m\u011bly b\u00fdt schopny prosp\u00edvat jak ve vlhk\u00fdch, tak such\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>St\u0159ed:<\/strong> Rostliny ve st\u0159edu zahrady budou vystaveny del\u0161\u00edm obdob\u00edm vlhk\u00e9 p\u016fdy a m\u011bly by b\u00fdt schopny tyto podm\u00ednky tolerovat.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ohniskov\u00fd bod:<\/strong> M\u016f\u017eete p\u0159idat mal\u00fd okrasn\u00fd strom nebo ke\u0159, kter\u00fd bude slou\u017eit jako ohniskov\u00fd bod zahrady.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdsadba a \u00fadr\u017eba<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jakmile si vyberete sv\u00e9 rostliny, je \u010das je vysadit do de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady. Vykopejte d\u00edry, kter\u00e9 jsou dvakr\u00e1t \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ko\u0159enov\u00e9 baly a stejn\u011b hlubok\u00e9. Um\u00edst\u011bte rostliny do d\u011br a zasypte je zeminou, jemn\u011b p\u0159itla\u010dte, abyste odstranili v\u0161echny vzduchov\u00e9 kapsy.<\/p>\n\n<p>Po v\u00fdsadb\u011b rostliny d\u016fkladn\u011b zalijte. De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady obvykle vy\u017eaduj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1livky ne\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00ed zahrady, ale v del\u0161\u00edch obdob\u00edch sucha mohou pot\u0159ebovat dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1livku.<\/p>\n\n<p>Abyste udr\u017eeli svou de\u0161\u0165ovou zahradu zdravou, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pravideln\u011b odplevelovat, mul\u010dovat kolem rostlin, abyste potla\u010dili plevel a udr\u017eeli vlhkost, a na ja\u0159e lehce p\u0159ihnojit.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady jsou kr\u00e1sn\u00fd a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak hospoda\u0159it s de\u0161\u0165ovou vodou a zlep\u0161it kvalitu vody. Jsou relativn\u011b snadno instalovateln\u00e9 a udr\u017eovateln\u00e9 a poskytuj\u00ed \u0159adu v\u00fdhod jak pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, tak pro va\u0161i krajinu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 zahrady: P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s de\u0161\u0165ovou vodou Co je de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 zahrada? De\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 zahrada je upraven\u00e1 prohlube\u0148 os\u00e1zen\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00edmi rostlinami, kter\u00e9 zachyt\u00e1vaj\u00ed, do\u010dasn\u011b zadr\u017euj\u00ed a filtruj\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu p\u0159edt\u00edm,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[12349,9309,9566,12350,2639,10247,441],"class_list":["post-7903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environment","tag-rain-gardens","tag-native-plants","tag-water-quality","tag-stormwater-management","tag-wildlife-habitat","tag-sustainable-landscaping","tag-water-conservation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7903","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7903"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7903\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7904,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7903\/revisions\/7904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}