{"id":865,"date":"2019-03-07T04:08:28","date_gmt":"2019-03-07T04:08:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=865"},"modified":"2019-03-07T04:08:28","modified_gmt":"2019-03-07T04:08:28","slug":"first-cookbooks-published-by-black-people-in-america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/food-and-drink\/first-cookbooks-published-by-black-people-in-america\/","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00ed kucha\u0159sk\u00e9 knihy vydan\u00e9 \u010dernochy v Americe"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prvn\u00ed kucha\u0159ky vydan\u00e9 \u010dernochy v Americe: Okno do historie a kultury<\/h2>\n\n

Historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam<\/h2>\n\n

Nejstar\u0161\u00ed kucha\u0159ky vydan\u00e9 \u010dern\u00fdmi autory v Americe nab\u00edzej\u00ed neoceniteln\u00e9 vhledy do kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch tradic, spole\u010densk\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed a kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed Afroameri\u010dan\u016f v 19. stolet\u00ed. Tyto dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky a sb\u00edrky recept\u016f poskytuj\u00ed pohled do \u017eivota zotro\u010den\u00fdch i svobodn\u00fdch \u010dernoch\u016f, odhaluj\u00ed jejich vynal\u00e9zavost, kreativitu a odolnost.<\/p>\n\n

\u201eThe House Servant\u2019s Directory\u201c od Roberta Robertse (1827)<\/h2>\n\n

Jako prvn\u00ed kniha vydan\u00e1 \u010dernochem v Americe je \u201eThe House Servant\u2019s Directory\u201c od Roberta Robertse v\u00edce ne\u017e jen kucha\u0159ka. Je to dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dka, kter\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed praktick\u00e9 rady o veden\u00ed velk\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti, v\u010detn\u011b recept\u016f na \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu j\u00eddel. Robertsova pr\u00e1ce odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 dovednosti a znalosti zotro\u010den\u00fdch Afroameri\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dasto nesli odpov\u011bdnost za va\u0159en\u00ed pro sv\u00e9 p\u00e1ny a jejich rodiny.<\/p>\n\n

\u201eHotel Keepers, Head Waiters and Housekeepers\u2019 Guide\u201c od Tunise Gulica Campbella (1848)<\/h2>\n\n

Dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dka Tunise Gulica Campbella je dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm textem z obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed ob\u010danskou v\u00e1lkou. Obsahuje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sb\u00edrku recept\u016f ne\u017e Robertsova kniha a poskytuje vhled do kuchyn\u011b pod\u00e1van\u00e9 v prvot\u0159\u00eddn\u00edch restaurac\u00edch a hotelov\u00fdch j\u00eddeln\u00e1ch. Campbellova pr\u00e1ce tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00fdznam mezirasov\u00fdch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed, d\u016fstojnosti pr\u00e1ce a pot\u0159eby vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a profesion\u00e1ln\u00edho rozvoje mezi pracovn\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n

\u201eDomestic Cook Book\u201c od Malindy Russell (1866)<\/h2>\n\n

Kucha\u0159ka Malindy Russell vynik\u00e1 jako nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 kucha\u0159ka napsan\u00e1 afroamerickou \u017eenou. Znovu objeven\u00e1 v roce 2000, obsahuje p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b recepty na dezerty, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed Russelliny zku\u0161enosti s provozov\u00e1n\u00edm cukr\u00e1rny v Tennessee. Jej\u00ed pr\u00e1ce zpochyb\u0148uje p\u0159edstavu, \u017ee ran\u00e9 afroamerick\u00e9 kucha\u0159ky reprezentovaly pouze kuchyni pod\u00e1vanou b\u00edl\u00fdm zam\u011bstnavatel\u016fm, proto\u017ee obsahuje recepty na pokrmy, kter\u00e9 si pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b u\u017e\u00edvali i samotn\u00ed Afroameri\u010dan\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

\u201eWhat Mrs. Fisher Knows About Old Southern Cooking\u201c od Abby Fisher (1881)<\/h2>\n\n

Kucha\u0159ka Abby Fisher je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za kulin\u00e1\u0159skou klasiku a sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o podnikatelsk\u00e9m duchu Afroameri\u010dan\u016f b\u011bhem obdob\u00ed rekonstrukce. Fisher, b\u00fdval\u00e1 otrokyn\u011b, vedla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd podnik v San Franciscu a jej\u00ed kucha\u0159ka obsahuje recepty na tradi\u010dn\u00ed ji\u017eansk\u00e9 pokrmy, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 tradice afroamerick\u00e9 komunity v obdob\u00ed po ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce.<\/p>\n\n

Kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 perspektivy a vlivy<\/h2>\n\n

Ran\u00ed kucha\u0159i \u010dern\u00fdch autor\u016f odhaluj\u00ed rozmanit\u00e9 kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 perspektivy a vlivy, kter\u00e9 formovaly afroamerickou kuchyni v 19. stolet\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 recepty odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 tradice b\u00edl\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, jin\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 chut\u011b a ingredience, kter\u00e9 Afroameri\u010dan\u00e9 p\u0159inesli do americk\u00fdch kuchyn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed okry, sladk\u00fdch brambor a sorghumov\u00e9ho melasy jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 prvky v mnoha t\u011bchto receptech.<\/p>\n\n

Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 faktory<\/h2>\n\n

Kucha\u0159ky tak\u00e9 osv\u011btluj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 faktory, kter\u00e9 ovlivnily v\u00fdvoj afroamerick\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b. Zotro\u010den\u00ed Afroameri\u010dan\u00e9 m\u011bli \u010dasto omezen\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k \u010derstv\u00fdm surovin\u00e1m a byli nuceni spol\u00e9hat se na to, co bylo k dispozici na plant\u00e1\u017ei. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b svobodn\u00ed \u010derno\u0161i m\u011bli v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed experimentovat s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi kuchyn\u011bmi a za\u010dlenit ingredience ze sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

D\u011bdictv\u00ed a vliv<\/h2>\n\n

Prvn\u00ed kucha\u0159ky vydan\u00e9 \u010dernochy v Americe zanechaly trval\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed v americk\u00e9 kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 historii a kultu\u0159e. Poskytuj\u00ed cenn\u00fd z\u00e1znam o kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch dovednostech, tradic\u00edch a odolnosti Afroameri\u010dan\u016f a nad\u00e1le inspiruj\u00ed a informuj\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 kucha\u0159e a historiky j\u00eddla. Pochopen\u00edm p\u016fvodu a v\u00fdvoje afroamerick\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me hlub\u0161\u00ed ocen\u011bn\u00ed bohatstv\u00ed a rozmanitosti americk\u00e9 kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prvn\u00ed kucha\u0159ky vydan\u00e9 \u010dernochy v Americe: Okno do historie a kultury Historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam Nejstar\u0161\u00ed kucha\u0159ky vydan\u00e9 \u010dern\u00fdmi autory v Americe nab\u00edzej\u00ed neoceniteln\u00e9 vhledy do kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch tradic, spole\u010densk\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed a kulturn\u00edho…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[1080,2063,1434,347,2064,126,621,99],"class_list":["post-865","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-food-and-drink","tag-african-american-history","tag-historical-recipes","tag-black-history","tag-food-history","tag-southern-cuisine","tag-cookbooks","tag-culinary-history","tag-lifescienceart"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/865","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=865"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/865\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":866,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/865\/revisions\/866"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=865"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=865"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=865"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}