{"id":881,"date":"2023-05-07T17:23:30","date_gmt":"2023-05-07T17:23:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=881"},"modified":"2023-05-07T17:23:30","modified_gmt":"2023-05-07T17:23:30","slug":"praying-mantises-surprising-fish-hunters-with-complex-learning-abilities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/praying-mantises-surprising-fish-hunters-with-complex-learning-abilities\/","title":{"rendered":"Modlivky: P\u0159ekvapiv\u00ed lovci ryb se slo\u017eit\u00fdmi schopnostmi u\u010den\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modlivky: P\u0159ekvapiv\u00ed lovci ryb se slo\u017eit\u00fdmi schopnostmi u\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lov ryb: Nov\u00fd objev<\/h2>\n\n<p>Modlivky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 svou nenasytnost\u00ed a agresivn\u00edm loveck\u00fdm stylem, p\u0159ekvapily v\u011bdce nov\u011b pozorovan\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm: ryba\u0159en\u00edm. V pr\u016flomov\u00e9 studii se v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci stali sv\u011bdky toho, jak samec ob\u0159\u00ed asijsk\u00e9 modlivky opakovan\u011b lovil a po\u017e\u00edral gupky z um\u011bl\u00e9 t\u016fn\u011b v Indii. To p\u0159edstavuje prvn\u00ed zdokumentovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad modlivky, kter\u00e1 lov\u00ed ryby ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nepozorovan\u00ed a mazan\u00ed lovci<\/h2>\n\n<p>Modlivka projevovala b\u011bhem sv\u00fdch loveck\u00fdch v\u00fdprav pozoruhodnou nen\u00e1padnost a mazanost. \u010c\u00edhala na lekn\u00ednech nebo listech vodn\u00edho zel\u00ed a trp\u011bliv\u011b \u010dekala, a\u017e se p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed nic netu\u0161\u00edc\u00ed gupka. Jej\u00ed ostr\u00fd zrak p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00fd denn\u00edmu lovu j\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148oval zahl\u00e9dnout rybu i za podm\u00ednek slab\u00e9ho osv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zrakov\u00e9 adaptace pro lov ve tm\u011b<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee byly o\u010di modlivky optimalizov\u00e1ny pro denn\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed, dok\u00e1zala detekovat pohyby gupky ve vod\u011b, co\u017e p\u0159edstavovalo vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eku. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci spekuluj\u00ed, \u017ee o\u010di modlivky mohou b\u00fdt obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b citliv\u00e9 na pohyb a \u017ee velk\u00e9, vlajkov\u00e9 ocasy gupky mohly hmyzu p\u0159ipom\u00ednat ko\u0159ist.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opakovan\u00e9 loveck\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed nazna\u010duje komplexn\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Opakovan\u00fd n\u00e1vrat modlivky na stejn\u00e9 m\u00edsto lovu po dobu p\u011bti po sob\u011b jdouc\u00edch noc\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt schopna komplexn\u00edho u\u010den\u00ed. M\u00edsto n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru ko\u0159isti se zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee modlivka vyvinula konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed loveckou strategii, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 zva\u017eovala faktory, jako je hojnost ko\u0159isti, snadnost uloven\u00ed a nutri\u010dn\u00ed hodnota.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implikace pro lov a kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uje tradi\u010dn\u00ed pohled na modlivky jako na jednoduch\u00e9 pred\u00e1tory s omezen\u00fdmi schopnostmi u\u010den\u00ed. Nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tito hmyz\u00ed mohou m\u00edt sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve myslelo, v\u010detn\u011b schopnosti p\u0159izp\u016fsobit sv\u00e9 loveck\u00e9 strategie na z\u00e1klad\u011b environment\u00e1ln\u00edch podn\u011bt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jsou nutn\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e studie poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o loveck\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed modlivek, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 poznamenat, \u017ee je zalo\u017eena na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed jedin\u00e9ho jedince. Jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy, aby se zjistilo, zda lze tyto poznatky zobecnit i na jin\u00e9 druhy a populace modlivek.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed podrobnosti:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pohyby ocasu gupky mohly modlivce p\u0159ipom\u00ednat ko\u0159ist d\u00edky jej\u00ed citlivosti na pohyb.<\/li>\n<li>Schopnost modlivky lovit za podm\u00ednek slab\u00e9ho osv\u011btlen\u00ed nazna\u010duje adaptace nad r\u00e1mec jej\u00edho typick\u00e9ho denn\u00edho vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Opakovan\u00fd n\u00e1vrat na stejn\u00e9 m\u00edsto lovu ukazuje na mo\u017en\u00fd strategick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k lovu ko\u0159isti.<\/li>\n<li>Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed potenci\u00e1l komplexn\u00edho u\u010den\u00ed a kognitivn\u00edch schopnost\u00ed modlivek, co\u017e vy\u017eaduje dal\u0161\u00ed zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modlivky: P\u0159ekvapiv\u00ed lovci ryb se slo\u017eit\u00fdmi schopnostmi u\u010den\u00ed Lov ryb: Nov\u00fd objev Modlivky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 svou nenasytnost\u00ed a agresivn\u00edm loveck\u00fdm stylem, p\u0159ekvapily v\u011bdce nov\u011b pozorovan\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm: ryba\u0159en\u00edm. V pr\u016flomov\u00e9 studii se&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[2094,2092,2095,2093,2090,2091],"class_list":["post-881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wildlife-behavior","tag-complex-learning","tag-natures-surprises","tag-stealthy-predators","tag-praying-mantises","tag-fish-hunting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=881"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":882,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/881\/revisions\/882"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}