{"id":9184,"date":"2024-09-01T04:56:13","date_gmt":"2024-09-01T04:56:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=9184"},"modified":"2024-09-01T04:56:13","modified_gmt":"2024-09-01T04:56:13","slug":"blown-fuse-troubleshooting-and-prevention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/electrical-engineering\/blown-fuse-troubleshooting-and-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"Co se stane, kdy\u017e vyhod\u00ed pojistka?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co se stane, kdy\u017e vypadne pojistka<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je to vyp\u00e1len\u00e1 pojistka?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pojistka je bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 obvody p\u0159ed nadm\u011brn\u00fdm proudem a zkratem. Kdy\u017e pojistkou prot\u00e9k\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd proud, tenk\u00e1 kovov\u00e1 p\u00e1ska uvnit\u0159 pojistky se roztav\u00ed, p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed obvod a zabr\u00e1n\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Typy pojistek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed dva hlavn\u00ed typy pojistek:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0160roubovac\u00ed pojistky:<\/strong> Tyto pojistky se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ve star\u0161\u00edch domech a \u0161roubuj\u00ed se do pojistkov\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>No\u017eov\u00e9 pojistky:<\/strong> Tyto pojistky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch domech a zasouvaj\u00ed se do pojistkov\u00e9ho bloku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rozm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed pojistek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pojistky jsou dimenzov\u00e1ny tak, aby odpov\u00eddaly tlou\u0161\u0165ce vodi\u010d\u016f obvodu. To zabra\u0148uje tomu, aby vodi\u010de obvodu odeb\u00edraly v\u00edce proudu, ne\u017e zvl\u00e1dnou. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 velikost pojistky pro danou tlou\u0161\u0165ku vodi\u010de obvodu je:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>14-gauge nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed: 15amp\u00e9rov\u00e1 pojistka<\/li>\n<li>12-gauge nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed: 20amp\u00e9rov\u00e1 pojistka<\/li>\n<li>10-gauge nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed: 30amp\u00e9rov\u00e1 pojistka<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny vyp\u00e1len\u00fdch pojistek<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed:<\/strong> P\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nastane, kdy\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho sv\u011btel nebo spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f odeb\u00edr\u00e1 proud ze stejn\u00e9ho obvodu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zkrat:<\/strong> Ke zkratu dojde, kdy\u017e se f\u00e1zov\u00fd vodi\u010d dotkne nulov\u00e9ho vodi\u010de nebo zemnic\u00edho vodi\u010de, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikne cesta n\u00edzk\u00e9ho odporu pro pr\u016ftok proudu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny vyp\u00e1len\u00fdch pojistek<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zemn\u00ed porucha:<\/strong> Zemn\u00ed porucha nastane, kdy\u017e elektrick\u00fd proud te\u010de p\u0159\u00edmo do zem\u011b nebo uzemn\u011bn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Obloukov\u00e9 poruchy:<\/strong> Obloukov\u00e9 poruchy nastanou, kdy\u017e vodi\u010de a svorky nemaj\u00ed dobr\u00fd kontakt, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed elektrick\u00fd oblouk.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Probl\u00e9m s obvodem:<\/strong> Vyp\u00e1len\u00e1 pojistka nebo vypnut\u00fd jisti\u010d m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsoben probl\u00e9mem se samotn\u00fdm obvodem, jako je p\u0159ep\u011bt\u00ed nebo uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Po\u0161kozen\u00e1 z\u00e1suvka nebo kabel\u00e1\u017e:<\/strong> Vadn\u00e1 kabel\u00e1\u017e nebo po\u0161kozen\u00e1 z\u00e1suvka m\u016f\u017ee vytvo\u0159it p\u0159ep\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee sp\u00e1lit pojistku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak identifikovat vyp\u00e1lenou pojistku<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vizueln\u00ed kontrola:<\/strong> Zkontrolujte pojistku, zda nem\u00e1 roztavenou kovovou p\u00e1sku nebo kovovou skvrnu na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b sklen\u011bn\u00e9 trubice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Multimetr:<\/strong> Pou\u017eijte multimetr k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed odporu pojistky. Hodnota bl\u00edzk\u00e1 0 indikuje dobrou pojistku, zat\u00edmco hodnota OL (nad limitem) indikuje vyp\u00e1lenou pojistku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak vym\u011bnit vyp\u00e1lenou pojistku<\/h2>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vypn\u011bte nap\u00e1jen\u00ed u pojistkov\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b.<\/li>\n<li>Vyt\u00e1hn\u011bte hlavn\u00ed pojistkov\u00fd blok z panelu, abyste odpojili nap\u00e1jen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Vy\u0161roubujte vyp\u00e1lenou pojistku z patice nebo pou\u017eijte vytahova\u010d pojistek, abyste ji odstranili.<\/li>\n<li>Za\u0161roubujte nebo zasu\u0148te novou pojistku stejn\u00e9 velikosti, proudov\u00e9 hodnoty a typu.<\/li>\n<li>Zasu\u0148te hlavn\u00ed pojistkov\u00fd blok do ur\u010den\u00e9 obj\u00edmky a pevn\u011b zatla\u010dte, abyste jej zajistili.<\/li>\n<li>Zav\u0159ete dv\u00ed\u0159ka panelu a zkontrolujte, zda se t\u00edm obnovilo nap\u00e1jen\u00ed v probl\u00e9mov\u00e9 oblasti.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kdy zavolat odborn\u00edka<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pokud pojistka opakovan\u011b vypad\u00e1v\u00e1, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zavolat licencovan\u00e9ho elektrik\u00e1\u0159e, aby identifikoval z\u00e1kladn\u00ed probl\u00e9m. To m\u016f\u017ee znamenat probl\u00e9m s elektrick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje odbornou opravu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipy, jak zabr\u00e1nit vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed pojistek<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vyhn\u011bte se p\u0159et\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed okruh\u016f p\u0159ipojen\u00edm p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoha spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f do stejn\u00e9 z\u00e1suvky.<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edvejte p\u0159ep\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 ochrany k ochran\u011b citliv\u00e9 elektroniky p\u0159ed p\u0159ep\u011bt\u00edm.<\/li>\n<li>Pravideln\u011b kontrolujte elektrick\u00e9 \u0161\u0148\u016fry a z\u00e1suvky, zda nejsou po\u0161kozen\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>Nechte si jednou za p\u00e1r let zkontrolovat elektrick\u00fd syst\u00e9m licencovan\u00fdm elektrik\u00e1\u0159em.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed informace<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdhody pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jisti\u010d\u016f m\u00edsto pojistek?<\/strong> Jisti\u010de lze resetovat, zat\u00edmco pojistky je t\u0159eba vym\u011bnit. Jisti\u010de tak\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed ochranu proti p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a zkrat\u016fm.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak m\u016f\u017eete vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m s vyp\u00e1lenou pojistkou, ani\u017e byste volali elektrik\u00e1\u0159e?<\/strong> Odpojte v\u0161echny spot\u0159ebi\u010de a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v posti\u017een\u00e9m okruhu. Vypn\u011bte nap\u00e1jen\u00ed u pojistkov\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b a identifikujte vyp\u00e1lenou pojistku. Vym\u011b\u0148te vyp\u00e1lenou pojistku a znovu zapn\u011bte nap\u00e1jen\u00ed. Pokud pojistka op\u011bt vypadne, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b probl\u00e9m s kabel\u00e1\u017e\u00ed okruhu a m\u011bli byste zavolat elektrik\u00e1\u0159e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy pojistek a kter\u00fd je vhodn\u00fd pro m\u016fj d\u016fm?<\/strong> \u0160roubovac\u00ed pojistky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ve star\u0161\u00edch domech, zat\u00edmco no\u017eov\u00e9 pojistky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch domech. Typ pojistky, kterou pot\u0159ebujete, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu pojistkov\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b, kterou m\u00e1te.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co se stane, kdy\u017e vypadne pojistka Co je to vyp\u00e1len\u00e1 pojistka? Pojistka je bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 obvody p\u0159ed nadm\u011brn\u00fdm proudem a zkratem. Kdy\u017e pojistkou prot\u00e9k\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd proud,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10160],"tags":[13489,8840,12210,5686,13490,13491],"class_list":["post-9184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-electrical-engineering","tag-blown-fuse","tag-electrical-safety","tag-circuit-breaker","tag-troubleshooting","tag-overload","tag-short-circuit"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9184"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24208,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9184\/revisions\/24208"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}