{"id":9954,"date":"2023-09-06T17:42:08","date_gmt":"2023-09-06T17:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=9954"},"modified":"2023-09-06T17:42:08","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T17:42:08","slug":"gothic-revival-architecture-a-journey-through-the-past","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/architecture\/gothic-revival-architecture-a-journey-through-the-past\/","title":{"rendered":"Novogotick\u00e1 architektura: Cesta histori\u00ed a jej\u00ed modern\u00ed vliv"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gotick\u00e1 architektura v \u010cech\u00e1ch: Cesta histori\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gotick\u00e1 architektura: Definice<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gotick\u00e1 architektura, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako novogotick\u00e1 nebo viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 gotika, se objevila v 18. stolet\u00ed jako obrozen\u00ed st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 gotick\u00e9 architektury. Tento architektonick\u00fd styl se vyzna\u010duje sv\u00fdmi propracovan\u00fdmi detaily, vertik\u00e1ln\u00edm d\u016frazem, velk\u00fdmi okny a \u0161pi\u010dat\u00fdmi oblouky, kter\u00e9 evokuj\u00ed obrazy hrad\u016f a katedr\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n<p>Gotick\u00e9 budovy \u010dasto maj\u00ed strm\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty zdoben\u00e9 dekorativn\u00edmi \u0159\u00edmsami a propracovan\u00fdmi detaily. Jako stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly byly pou\u017eity k\u00e1men, sklo, \u017eelezo a ocel, aby zachytily pocit kamenn\u00e9 konstrukce p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed ve st\u0159edov\u011bku. Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed linie a zdoben\u00ed dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u011bmto stavb\u00e1m vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ku, \u010dasto dopln\u011bnou v\u011b\u017eemi zakon\u010den\u00fdmi v\u011b\u017ei\u010dkami a cimbu\u0159\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u016fvod a historie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Hnut\u00ed za gotickou obnovu vzniklo v Anglii jako reakce na rychlou industrializaci v 18. stolet\u00ed. Nostalgie po st\u0159edov\u011bku a touha zachovat tradi\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty poh\u00e1n\u011bly o\u017eiven\u00ed gotick\u00fdch architektonick\u00fdch prvk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>Koncem 19. stolet\u00ed vedly nov\u00e9 stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly a stavebn\u00ed metody k posunu sm\u011brem k funk\u010dnosti p\u0159ed zdobnost\u00ed. V\u011b\u017eovit\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee a propracovan\u00e9 detaily upadly v nemilost a vzhled gotick\u00e9 obnovy postupn\u011b vybledly v popularit\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gotick\u00e1 architektura vs. novogotick\u00e1 architektura<\/h2>\n\n<p>Novogotick\u00e1 architektura \u010derp\u00e1 inspiraci z p\u016fvodn\u00edch gotick\u00fdch d\u011bl a sd\u00edl\u00ed mnoho jej\u00edch ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch charakteristik, jako jsou propracovan\u00e9 detaily, ty\u010d\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fd\u0161ky, velk\u00e1 okna a \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e9 oblouky. Mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma architektonick\u00fdmi styly v\u0161ak existuj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gotick\u00e1 architektura:<\/strong> Postavena ve 14. stolet\u00ed nebo d\u0159\u00edve, prim\u00e1rn\u011b s pou\u017eit\u00edm kamene a skla s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi stavebn\u00edmi metodami.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Novogotick\u00e1 architektura:<\/strong> Postavena v 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed, zahrnuje k\u00e1men, sklo, \u017eelezo a ocel s modern\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi stavebn\u00edmi metodami.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Domy v novogotick\u00e9m stylu: Carpenter Gothic<\/h2>\n\n<p>Novogotick\u00fd styl se tak\u00e9 dostal do obytn\u00fdch budov, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako &#8220;Carpenter&#8221; Gothic Revival architektura. Tento styl p\u0159inesl starosv\u011btsk\u00fd p\u016fvab gotick\u00e9 architektury do domov\u016f, i kdy\u017e se zmen\u0161en\u00fdmi a zjednodu\u0161en\u00fdmi prvky.<\/p>\n\n<p>Domy v novogotick\u00e9m stylu maj\u00ed obvykle \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e9 oblouky, dve\u0159n\u00ed otvory a strm\u00e9 st\u0159echy. Vertikalita je zd\u016frazn\u011bna svisl\u00fdm obkladem, vysok\u00fdmi, \u0161pi\u010dat\u00fdmi okny a propracovan\u00fdmi detaily. Dekorativn\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsy a pern\u00edk zdob\u00ed \u0161t\u00edty a d\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u011bmto dom\u016fm podobn\u00fd pocit jako velkolep\u00e9 gotick\u00e9 stavby, ani\u017e by je zahltily zdobnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Principy novogotick\u00e9 architektury<\/h2>\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed rysy novogotick\u00e9ho stylu zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0160pi\u010dat\u00e9 oblouky:<\/strong> Pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v oknech, dve\u0159\u00edch a dekorativn\u00edch prvc\u00edch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prop\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 detaily:<\/strong> Strm\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty s ozdobn\u00fdmi \u0159\u00edmsami a detaily.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fraz:<\/strong> V\u011b\u017ee, svisl\u00e9 linie a vysok\u00e1, \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e1 okna.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed op\u011brn\u00e9 oblouky:<\/strong> Architektonick\u00e1 podpora kolm\u00e1 k vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm st\u011bn\u00e1m, spojuj\u00edc\u00ed se sm\u011brem k vrcholu a podp\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed zem z d\u00e1lky.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Velk\u00e1 okna:<\/strong> \u010casto vysok\u00e1 a \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e1, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed vitr\u00e1\u017ee k zobrazen\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch sc\u00e9n nebo barevn\u00fdch obraz\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Novogotick\u00e9 interi\u00e9ry<\/h2>\n\n<p>Novogotick\u00e9 interi\u00e9ry odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed exteri\u00e9ry se zdobn\u00fdm a ponur\u00fdm dekorem. Mezi prvky pat\u0159\u00ed vitr\u00e1\u017ee, klenut\u00e9 stropy, t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd dubov\u00fd n\u00e1bytek a dramatick\u00e9 tapety s kv\u011btinov\u00fdmi vzory nebo bohat\u00fdmi vzory. Samet a \u017eak\u00e1rov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed na opulentn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Zdoben\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed povrchy a li\u0161ty, jako jsou \u0161tukov\u00e9 li\u0161ty s ozdobami, d\u00e1le umoc\u0148uj\u00ed novogotickou estetiku. Chrli\u010de a and\u011blsk\u00e9 sochy mohou dodat n\u00e1dech rozmarnosti nebo velkoleposti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Slavn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mezi pozoruhodn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady novogotick\u00e9 architektury pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Anglie:<\/strong> Houses of Parliament, hrad Highclere, All Souls College na Oxfordsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b, Strawberry Hill House<\/li>\n<li><strong>Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty:<\/strong> Lyndhurst Mansion (New York), Rose Hill Mansion Plantation (Ji\u017en\u00ed Karol\u00edna), Carpenter Gothic cottages v Oak Bluffs (Martha&#8217;s Vineyard, Massachusetts)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Novogotika v modern\u00edm designu<\/h2>\n\n<p>A\u010dkoli novogotick\u00e1 architektura nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1, jak b\u00fdvala, jej\u00ed vliv je st\u00e1le patrn\u00fd v modern\u00edm a sou\u010dasn\u00e9m designu. Prvky jako \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e9 oblouky, propracovan\u00e9 detaily a vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fraz byly za\u010dlen\u011bny do cel\u00e9 \u0159ady architektonick\u00fdch styl\u016f, od secese po postmodernismus.<\/p>\n\n<p>V posledn\u00edch letech se objevily designov\u00e9 trendy, jako je gotick\u00fd cottagecore, kter\u00e9 do modern\u00edch prostor\u016f za\u010dle\u0148uj\u00ed gotick\u00e9 prvky a estetiku. A\u0165 u\u017e pou\u017eit\u00edm oken se \u0161pi\u010dat\u00fdmi oblouky, ozdobn\u00fdch pern\u00edkov\u00fdch \u0159\u00edms nebo bohat\u00fdch, temn\u00fdch barev, majitel\u00e9 dom\u016f mohou p\u0159in\u00e9st p\u016fvab novogotick\u00e9 architektury do sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch domov\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gotick\u00e1 architektura v \u010cech\u00e1ch: Cesta histori\u00ed Gotick\u00e1 architektura: Definice Gotick\u00e1 architektura, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako novogotick\u00e1 nebo viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 gotika, se objevila v 18. stolet\u00ed jako obrozen\u00ed st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 gotick\u00e9 architektury. Tento architektonick\u00fd&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[308],"tags":[297,27,14171,14170,1956,14169,14173,14172],"class_list":["post-9954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-architecture","tag-architecture","tag-history","tag-intricate-detailing","tag-pointed-arches","tag-design","tag-gothic-revival","tag-carpenter-gothic","tag-vertical-emphasis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9954","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9954"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9954\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9955,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9954\/revisions\/9955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9954"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}