{"id":4022,"date":"2020-01-30T07:33:40","date_gmt":"2020-01-30T07:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/el\/?p=4022"},"modified":"2020-01-30T07:33:40","modified_gmt":"2020-01-30T07:33:40","slug":"broken-window-theory-debunked","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/el\/science\/criminology\/broken-window-theory-debunked\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd: \u039c\u03ae\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5\u03cd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd: \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5;<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a4\u03b9 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\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1980 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1990 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a5\u03cc\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Malcolm Gladwell \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u039f \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 Malcolm Gladwell \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2000, &#8220;The Tipping Point&#8221;. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf, \u03bf Gladwell \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a5\u03cc\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1990.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc &#8220;Justice Quarterly&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a5\u03cc\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 David Greenberg \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a5\u03cc\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1990 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf CompStat, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a5\u03cc\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Greenberg \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<li>\u039f \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 11 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5, \u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 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